US3551914A

US3551914A - Natural action toe lift artificial foot

Info

Publication number: US3551914A
Application number: US727863A
Authority: US
Inventors: Carl Woodall
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1968-05-09
Filing date: 1968-05-09
Publication date: 1971-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 1988-01-05

Abstract

AN ARITIFICAL FOOT HAVING A NATURAL TOE LIFT, IN WHICH A HINGED TOE SECTION OF THE FOOT IS INTERCONNECTED WITH A PIVOTALLY CONNECTED SHANK MEMBER THROUGH A MOTION TRANSMITTING CONNECTION SO THAT THE TOE SECTION WILL BE RAISED AND LOWERED IN A NATURAL MANNER DURING THE WALKING PROCESS, RESILIENT MEANS BEING UTILIZED TO EFFECT ARTICULATED MOVEMENT BETWEEN THE SHANK MEMBER AND FOOT TO RAISE OR LIFT THE TOE SECTION WHEN WALKING PRESSURE UPON THE HEEL SECTION OF THE FOOT IS RELIEVED, AND LOWER THE TOE SECTION WHEN WALKING PRESSURE IS APPLIED TO THE HEEL SECTION.

Description

Jan. 5, 1971 c, WQODALL 3,551,914

NATURAL ACTION TOE LIFT ARTIFICIAL FOOT Filed May 9, 1968 3,551,914 NATURAL ACTION TOE LIFT ARTIFICIAL FOOT Carl Woodall, 10705 Bellman, Downey, Calif. 90241 Filed May 9, 1968, Ser. No. 727,863 Int. Cl. A61f 1/08 US. Cl. 3-6 9 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE An artificial foot having a natural toe lift, in which a hinged toe section of the foot is interconnected with a pivotally connected shank member through a motion transmitting connection so that the toe section will be raised and lowered in a natural manner during the walking process, resilient means being utilized to effect articulated movement between the shank member and foot to raise or lift the toe section when walking pressure upon the heel section of the foot is relieved, and lower the toe section when walking pressure is applied to the heel section.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of artificial body members, particularly the foot.

Heretofore, artificial limbs have in the main embodied a foot structure having a hinged toe section adapted to flex during the walking process. This flexing of the toe section resulted solely from the application of pressure and withdrawal of pressure in the toe section when walking. Such known structures are exemplified by the arrangement disclosed in my United States Letters Patent No. 2,731,645, and the present invention constitutes an improvement over the arrangement shown in this and similar prior art patents.

In the patented structure, it will be observed that the toe section in the absence of any applied pressure thereon, normally will assume a non-lift or lowered position, but as the weight is shifted from the heel to the toe section, during walking, the toe section will flex in a normal manner. However, in raising the foot to take another forward step, the toe section will straighten out and assume a normal or lowered position. In order to swing the foot forward without dragging the toe section, it became necessary for the wearer of the device to raise his hip in a most unnatural manner so that the extended toe section in its lowered position would clear the ground during the forward swing of the foot.

In the structure of the present invention, the undesirable action required in a walking process as explained above for the heretofore known devices has been overcome by providing a structure wherein the toe section is automatically raised or upwardly tilted during the forward swing of the foot. The walking process is thus possible of accomplishment in a normal and natural manner, without having to resort to artificial movements of the hip or other part of the body.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to artificial body members, and is more particularly concerned with improvements in the foot part of an artificial leg or limb structure, and especially in the action of the toe section.

Having in mind the inherent disadvantages of the prior art devices as previously explained, it is one object of the present invention to provide in an artificial limb, a foot section in which the toe lift has a controlled natural action, and which permits the walking process to be accomplished smoothly and naturally.

A further object of the herein described invention is to provide an improved artificial foot wherein a toe section is controlled in its movements to a raised position States Patent and to be a lowered position in a natural manner in response to the action of associated parts of the leg or limb and foot during the walking process.

Another object is to provide a foot having a swingable toe section in which toe lift and reverse movements are coordinated with respect to the relative movements of an interconnected shank and foot part during the walking process.

Still another object is to provide an articulated artificial foot of simple construction, and with a movable toe section having a natural and smooth operating characteristic.

Further objects of the invention will be brought out in the following part of the specification, wherein detailed description is for the purpose of fully disclosing the invention without placing limitations thereon.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Referring to the accompanying drawings, which are for illustrative purposes only:

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of an artificial foot structure embodying the features of the present invention, portions being shown in section to disclose the cooperative relationship of certain of the parts;

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the same;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 3-3 of FIG. 1; and

FIG. 4 is a view diagrammatically illustrating different positions of the foot and the operation of the toe section during the walking process.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring more specifically to the drawings, there is shown in FIG. 1 an artificial foot structure A embodying the features of the present invention, the foot structure being operatively connected with an associated shank structure B which forms a part of an artificial leg or limb.

As best seen in FIG. 1, the shank structure includes a cylindrical spacer member 10 having its lowermost end seated in appropriate socket means 11 fabricated of suitable material, but preferably of metal formed to provide an attaching flange 12 and an upstanding tubular clamping type extension 13 adapted to receive and clamped to the lowermost end of the spacer member 10. The flange 12 connects with an ankle unit, indicated generally at 14, and thus provides for articulated movements between the foot structure A and the shank structure B. The ankle unit 14, as will be described herein, conforms in general to that disclosed in the hereinbefore mentioned Pat. No. 2,731,645.

The ankle unit includes a shank plate 15 secured to the adjacent end of the shank structure by means of a bolt 16 which extends upwardly through the spacer member 10 and is secured by suitable means (not shown) to the associated limb structure. The shank plate is further secured to the shank structure by means of screws 19 which prevent rotation of the shank plate relative to the adjacent end of the shank structure. The shank plate is provided with a recess 20 adjacent the center thereof, in which is disposed a clevis 21 formed integral with the adjacent end of the bolt 16. Between the side members of the clevis is disposed a ball 22, this ball being secured between the clevis members by a rivet 23.

The foot structure A is provided with a foot plate 24 secured to the foot by screws 25 and provided with a forward extension 24a. The foot plate also has an opening 26 therein, which tapers upwardly and outwardly at the front and back, and in which is received a bolt 27 having an eye 28 with a bearing 29 which engages the ball 22 to thereby form a universal ball and socket connection. The bolt 27 is secured by a nut 30 which is disposed in a recess 31 in the bottom of the foot structure.

The shank plate is provided adjacent the front end with a transversely extending recess 32 which is concave in cross section and defined at the front by a depending portion 33. The extension 24a of the foot plate 24 is also provided with a transverse recess 34 which corresponds to the recess 32. The recesses 32 and 34 receive a trans versely extending cylindrical instep portion 36 of a shock absorber and control cushion indicated generally at 37. The cushion also includes a pair of aligned cylindrical torque and lateral action portions 3838, which are spaced apart as shown in FIG. 3 to provide space for the ball and socket joint therebetween. Th cylinders 36 and 38 are formed of any suitable resilient material such as rubber, and are connected together by a web 40. The opposite sides of the cylinders 38 are also connected together by a web 41.

The shank plate 15 is provided with recesses 42 on opposite sides of the recess 20, and the foot structure is provided with corresponding recesses 43. The

recesses

42 and 43 are concave in cross section and receive the respective cylindrical portions 38-38 of the cushion 37. The outer end of each of the recesses 42 is provided with a flange 44 which engages the respective sides of the portions 38 and retain the cushion 37 in position.

The rear end portion of the shank plate 15 is provided with a recess 46 which has an opening in the bottom thereof in register with the recess 47 in the shank for reception of one end of a bumper 48. The opposite end of the bumper is received in a recess 49 in the heel of the foot structure, said bumper being of any suitable resilient material such as rubber or the like.

In use, the portion 36 will yield under compressive action between the bottom of the recesses 32 and 34, and the portions 38-38 permit limited torque action and lateral action which together with the ball and socket, provide the various actions required and effect close simulation of the actions of the natural ankle. It has been found that this mechanism permits the foot to accommodate itself to uneven surfaces in a most natural manner.

In the ankle joint described above, the universal ball and socket is adapted to be the primary weight-carrying part. The shank plate 15 is carried by the shoulders at the upper end of the clevis 21, and the foot plate 24 carries the weight transferred through the ball and socket connection.

It is desirable to have the ankle swing in the same plane as the plane of swing of the knee joint. However, the foot of the individual does not necessarily have the same alignment. With some individuals, the toe may be turned inwardly, while in others, it might be turned outwardly. Thus, the foregoing described structure provides means whereby the ankle joint will swing in the same plane as the plane of swing at the knee joint while at the same time, positioning the foot in accordance with the natural position of the individuals foot. The positioning of the foot is accomplished by attaching the foot plate 24 to the foot structure so that it will have the normal position without interfering with the position of the ball and socket joint of the ankle with respect to its plane of swing.

It will now be observed that the ankle unit is positioned in an instep section 50 which lies between a heel section 51 and toe section 52 so that the heel section and toe section will alternately receive applied pressure during the walking process, and will be affected in their operation at the beginning and end of each step. Advantage is taken of the functional operational characteristics of the heel and toe sections to provide controlled movement of the toe section so that it will have a natural raising or lift and lowering, as will now be explained.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the toe section includes a swingable toe cap member 53 constructed of wood or other appropriate material. This toe cap is attached to the underlying sole member 54 of appropriate flexible material which thus provides a flexible hinge connection 55 between the toe cap and the instep section. As shown in FIG. 2, the toe cap carries a projecting integrally formed tongue 56 which extends towards the ankle unit and is positioned within a slot 57. At the hinge connection, the adjacent confronting portions of the toe cap and the instep portion are spaced apart to provide lateral cavities 5858 on opposite sides of the slot 57 to permit flexing movements of the toe section. These cavities may be used to receive suitable filler members 59-59 of sponge like or other material for providing the desired configuration in the hinged area. At the outer end of the tongue 56, there is provided a resilient member in the form of a compression spring 60 which normally urges the toe section in a clockwise direction with respect to the hinge 55, as viewed in FIG. 1.

The shank plate 15 of the ankle unit is provided with an integrally formed tongue portion 61 which extends forwardly into the slot 57 to a position in which its outer end portion overlies the adjacent end portion of the tongue 56. As thus arranged, the

tongues

56 and 61 comprise lever members which function as transmission means to coordinate movements of the shank structure B and the toe section 52 during the walking process, in a manner which will hereinafter be described in detail.

As will be seen in FIG. 1, under normal conditions in which the foot structure is out of contact with a surface during the walking process, the urging force of the bumper 48 is above the effective urging force of spring 60' with respect to the toe section, and as a consequence the toe section will be automatically moved to a raised position as shown in full lines in FIG. 1. However, when walking pressure is applied at the heel section 51, compression of the bumper member 48 will relatively move the tongue 61 with respect to the tongue 56 to positions which will permit the compression spring 60 to move the toe section to a position as shown in phantom lines in FIG. 1. It will also be apparent that in the phantom line position of the toe section, which is the extreme lowered position, the urging force of the resilient bumper 48 is ineffectual in opposing the action of compression spring 60 to move the toe section to the limit of its lowered position.

With an arrangement as just described, the positioning of the toe section will be automatically accomplished during the walking process, and the toe section will be raised and lowered smoothly in a natural manner. This is a great advantage and permits the user to walk without the necessity of having to resort to unnatural movements of the hip or other parts of the body during the walking process. In FIG. 4, the operation of my improved foot structure is diagrammatically illustrated. As shown at (a), the foot is shown as having completed its movement to the rear end of the walking step. At this point the foot has been raised for forward movement to the beginning of the next step. It will be observed that since there is no contact of the foot with the underlying surface, the action of the resilient means will be such as to elevate the toe section to the position shown in FIG. 1. With the toe section thus elevated, the foot may swing forwardly in a natural manner, and the elevated toe section will thus travel freely without dragging or contacting the under lying surface, as would be the case if the toe section were not elevated and was in the position shown in phantom lines in FIG. 1. The foot is thus movable through the intermediate position (b) to a forward position of the stride as shown at (0). At this position, as the heel section is brought into contact with the under surface, the resilient bumper 48 will be compressed so as to change the relative position of the tongue 61 with respect to the tongue 56, and permit the latter under the urging of spring 60 to automatically move the toe section to the position indicated in phantom lines. As the weight is gradually shifted from the heel section to the toe section, the toe section is free to flex towards its raised position, or be moved towards the raised position by the forward swinging movement of the shank structure B relative to the foot structure A.

Thus the action of the toe section will be natural as the body moves forward.

From the foregoing description and drawings, it will be clearly evident that the delineated objects and features of the invention will be accomplished.

Various modifications may suggest themselves to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of my invention, and, hence, I do not wish to be restricted to the specific form shown or uses mentioned except to the extent indicated in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. The combination, comprising:

(a) an artificial foot having a heel section, and a toe section connected for swinging movements between a raised position and a lowered position;

(b) shank forming means;

(c) ankle joint pivot means positioned between said heel section and toe section connecting said shank means and foot for articulated movements;

(d) a motion transmitting connection between said shank means and said toe section; and

(e) spring means, including a compression resilient member rearwardly of the ankle joint pivot means, for relatively urging the heel section and the shank means in opposite directions and moving the toe section to its raised position, when walking pressure on the heel section is relieved, and to its lowered position, when walking pressure is applied on the heel section.

2. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the spring means further includes a resilient member forwardly of said ankle joint.

3. The invention acording to claim 2, wherein the resilient members urge said toe section in opposite directions.

4. The invention according to claim 2, wherein the resilient member rearwardly of the ankle joint means urges the toe section towards said raised position, and the resilient member forwardly of the ankle joint means urges the toe section towards said lowered position.

5. The invention according to claim 4, wherein said 6 motion transmitting means includes parts for rendering said rearward resilient member ineffectual in the fully lowered position of said toe section.

6. The combination, comprising:

(a) leg shank forming means including a shank plate having a forwardly extending tongue;

(b) foot forming means including a heel section and a toe section hingedly connected to the heel section for movements to raised and lowered positions, said toe section having a rearwardly projecting tongue;

(0) ankle forming means including a pivot connection providing articulated movement between said shank plate and said heel section; and

(d) said tongues coacting through a sliding interconnection to move the toe section to its raised position in response to forward swinging movement of the shank means and shank plate relative to said heel section on said pivot.

7. The combination according to claim 6, wherein the outer end of the shank plate tongue overlies the outer end of the toe section tongue.

8. The combination according to claim 7, including biasing means rearwardly of the ankle means pivot forcing the heel section away from said shank plate.

9. The combination according to claim 8, including spring means forwardly of the ankle means pivot forcing the tongue of the toe section in a direction towards the tongue of the shank plate.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 51,953 1/1866 Madden 3-6 292,800 2/1884 Furrer 335 694,325 2/1902 Peer 3-6 1,071,230 8/1913 Hanger 3-6.1 2,130,271 9/1938 Eastham 333 ADELE M. EAGER, Primary Examiner J B. MITCHELL, Assistant Examiner