US3548469A - Method of and an apparatus for crimping synthetic yarns - Google Patents

Method of and an apparatus for crimping synthetic yarns Download PDF

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Publication number
US3548469A
US3548469A US773986A US3548469DA US3548469A US 3548469 A US3548469 A US 3548469A US 773986 A US773986 A US 773986A US 3548469D A US3548469D A US 3548469DA US 3548469 A US3548469 A US 3548469A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
nozzle
yarn
filaments
chamber
guide tube
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US773986A
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English (en)
Inventor
Herbert Scherzberg
Karl-August Essig
Robert Schnegg
Ernst Pobitschka
Ernst Mossig
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Bayer AG
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Bayer AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayer AG filed Critical Bayer AG
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Publication of US3548469A publication Critical patent/US3548469A/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/16—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
    • D02G1/161—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam yarn crimping air jets

Definitions

  • endless multifilament yarns can be crimped by lateral folding, for example by stuffing, and by fixing the yarns thus folded.
  • the machines used for this purpose have the disadvantage that the individual filaments are easily damaged and deformed because folding obligatily involves a mechanical process. Damage of this kind occurs in particular when, to otbain a particularly fine fold, the counter-pressure and bearing pressure are extremely high during stuffing whilst the width of the crimping rollers is kept very narrow.
  • Another disadvantage is that the individual filaments are readily pushed out sideways from the chamber walls in the feed zone, again resulting in damage to the yarn.
  • a process for crimping multifilament yarns of synthetic high polymers has now been found in which the individual filaments are allowed to travel in the same direction as the flowing medium of an oscillating gas column in which the filaments are deflected once to form an arc and stuffed or compressed once for each oscillation of the oscillating gas column, the yarn as a whole being defletced out of the gas stream immediately after crimping.
  • the individual filaments are made to oscillate by means of an oscillating gas column, are separated and the arcs of individual filaments issuing from the inlet pipe into the gas column are compressed and at the same time fixed, suitable means being provided to prevent the crimps from being straightened out again by the hot gas stream issuing at a high rate of flow.
  • the apparatus comprises a nozzle-supporting chamber 1 provided with an inlet 4, a nozzle 2 and an inclined guide tube 3.
  • the treatment medium is fed centrally straight into the nozzlesupporting chamber through inlet 4 and, after being diverted through an angle of 90, goes out into the open through nozzle 2.
  • the transfer surface from the nozzlesupporting chamber 1 to the nozzle amounts to 45.
  • the guide tube 3 leads through the nozzle-supporting chamber. It is inclined, carries a lip at its upper end and terminates at the junction between nozzle-supporting chamber and nozzle.
  • the yarn 5 to be crimped travels through the guide tube 3.
  • Steam under high pressure preferably 4.0 to 5.7 atms., is used as the medium, and can, for example, be kept at a constant temperature of 250 C., by means of a superheater, if polyamide filaments are to be treated.
  • the enlargment of the cross section after the annular zone resulting from the termination of the guide tube by the lip is an irregular transition which causes oscillations through turbulence. All: the adjoining zones are made to oscillate at the basic frequency at least. These basic or fundamental natural frequencies are calculated to be of the order of size of basic oscillations of open or closed pipes which are caused by the steam flowing through the annular zone at a critical rate of flow (oscillating gas columns).
  • crimping is obtained by producing an oscillation in the individual filaments by means of a vibrating or oscillating gas column which is produced as a resulting oscillation at the inclined outlet of the lip of the guide tube and which manifests its presence in a series of compressions and rarefactions of the steam so that, in the event of rarefaction, the steam between the filaments is expanded.
  • the indvidual filaments are bent arcuately outwards.
  • the sharp edge of the guide tube acts as a folding or bending edge.
  • the individual filament is additionally compressed in the following steam work.
  • the yarn is located in the gas stream and leaves the nozzle with the gas stream at high speed.
  • the gas stream Since the yarn is very hot, the gas stream has to be separated from the yarn so that the crimp cannot be straightened out again by the high rate of flow.
  • the frequency of the apparatus should not be affected during separation by preceding battles and the like because the sensitive oscillating system can be adjusted very easily.
  • the uncrimped yarn issues from the air zone of the guide tube into the steam zone of the nozzle at the obliquely cut end of the guide tube, where the gases begin to oscillate as a result of the fundamental oscillations of the three oscillating gas columns, i.e. the nozzle support, nozzle and guide tube.
  • the expanding gases bend the yarns outwards like arcs, whilst in the compression range the bent yarns are compressed by the inward-flowing gases.
  • the high-frequency phase produces an intermittent beat arching and compressing in the low-frequency accentuated direction, each point of the yarn being repeatedly placed under strain.
  • the oscillation frequency amounts to crimps per cm. (50 crimps for every cm.).
  • One method of quick testing is to determine the crimp contraction. So far as the abovedescribed device is concerned, the degree of crimp amounts to 100% at a rate of yarn travel of 120 m./min. (steam at 5.7 atms./250 C.), i.e. the crimped yarn 1 metre long is lengthened to 2 metres under a weight of 0.1 g./den.
  • EXAMPLE 3 For a denier of 1300 den (bundle of polyamide-6 monofils), a nozzle 13 mm. long with a nozzle-supporting chamber 16 mm. long and a yarn guide tube 57.9 mm. long, was found by calculation to give a resulting wave of 862.5 1/sec., the steam pressure and temperature corresponding to those in Examples 1 and 2. From twelve yarns, the average number of bends was 3.34 per cm. for a rate of yarn travel of 155 m./ min.
  • diameters may be used in a range of 150% of the fineness of 2000 den specified. Yarns with a fineness from 1000 to 3000 den can be crimped. In this range of 150% from the average denier, the diameters do not have any effect on the oscillation frequencies, which are governed solely by the lengths. However, they do affect transmission of the oscillation to the yarn passing through. In the case of a fine denier, for example 800 den, the diameters have to be reduced to 8 mm. for the nozzlesupporting chamber, 2.5 mm. for the nozzle and 1.5 mm, for the guide tube so that the oscillations can be satisfactorily transmitted to the yarn.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US773986A 1967-11-16 1968-11-07 Method of and an apparatus for crimping synthetic yarns Expired - Lifetime US3548469A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1660332 1967-11-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3548469A true US3548469A (en) 1970-12-22

Family

ID=5685659

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US773986A Expired - Lifetime US3548469A (en) 1967-11-16 1968-11-07 Method of and an apparatus for crimping synthetic yarns

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3548469A (en:Method)
AT (1) AT303950B (en:Method)
BE (1) BE723773A (en:Method)
CH (3) CH1516468A4 (en:Method)
FR (1) FR1592644A (en:Method)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3304593A (en) * 1965-01-21 1967-02-21 Burklund Lab Inc Yarn bulking method and apparatus
US3346932A (en) * 1965-09-07 1967-10-17 Monsanto Co Methods for relaxing synthetic fiber filaments
US3377673A (en) * 1965-12-27 1968-04-16 Phillips Petroleum Co Method and apparatus for crimping filaments
US3425107A (en) * 1965-10-11 1969-02-04 Kanebo Ltd Apparatus for developing crimps by heating composite filament

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3304593A (en) * 1965-01-21 1967-02-21 Burklund Lab Inc Yarn bulking method and apparatus
US3346932A (en) * 1965-09-07 1967-10-17 Monsanto Co Methods for relaxing synthetic fiber filaments
US3425107A (en) * 1965-10-11 1969-02-04 Kanebo Ltd Apparatus for developing crimps by heating composite filament
US3377673A (en) * 1965-12-27 1968-04-16 Phillips Petroleum Co Method and apparatus for crimping filaments

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH1516468A4 (en:Method) 1970-12-15
BE723773A (en:Method) 1969-04-16
FR1592644A (en:Method) 1970-05-19
AT303950B (de) 1972-12-11
CH501746A (de) 1971-01-15
CH505924A (de) 1970-12-15

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