US3548110A - Selecting means - Google Patents

Selecting means Download PDF

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Publication number
US3548110A
US3548110A US639760A US3548110DA US3548110A US 3548110 A US3548110 A US 3548110A US 639760 A US639760 A US 639760A US 3548110D A US3548110D A US 3548110DA US 3548110 A US3548110 A US 3548110A
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Prior art keywords
relay
relays
marker
contacts
circuit
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Expired - Lifetime
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US639760A
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English (en)
Inventor
Karl Axel Lundkvist
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
    • H04Q3/0004—Selecting arrangements using crossbar selectors in the switching stages

Definitions

  • Thepresent invention concerns a means for selecting one electric circuit out of a plurality of such circuits, excluding all other circuits of the plurality, and for marking the selected circuit by connecting an electric potential to a marking conductor that is individual for the circuit. This problem appears especially in automatic telephone exchanges with cross bar switches and with markers or similar common selecting means. Within a group of lines only one connection at a time can be established and the intended line must be distinguished from all other lines by means of a circuit that is unique to the line. At some connections a plurality of free selectors and the like can be expected to carry out theconnection, but when only one selector is desired or required this selector must be selected and separated.
  • relay chains one relay for each circuit being included in the relay chain.
  • the relays branch out from each other and are held in conduction paths that include a great number of contacts connected in series. These series of contacts can cause faults and operating troubles. Accordingly, the number of relays in a relay chain must not be too large.
  • One object of the invention is to arrange the relays in such a way that selection can be carried out among a plurality of circuits without the number of contacts connected in series exceeding what is practically suitable, for example 7 or 8 upon selection among 100 lines. Furthermore only one short selecting period is desired.
  • Another object is to dispense with the use of special means for the connection of lines and apparatus to the selecting means of the markers.
  • connection times of the markets will be reduced and the reliability of operation increased.
  • the invention contemplates apparatus for selecting one electric circuit out of a plurality of available electric circuits, excluding all the other electric circuits through connection of an electric potential to a marking conductor that is unique to the selected circuit.
  • the apparatus comprises a number of groups of switching means where each switching means has at least two mutually exclusive stable positions.
  • the first of the groups comprises a number of switching means corresponding to half the number of electriccircuits.
  • the second group comprises a number of switching means corresponding to half the number of switching means in the first group, and the third group contains a switching meansfor two switching means in the second group, etc. up to a last-group with only one switching means.
  • the individual marking conductors on the one hand are connected each to its separate terminal in the first group of switching means and on the other hand, in dependence on a combination of the settings of the other mentioned switching means, which combination is individual for the marking conductor, are marked with theelectrical potential.
  • FIG. 1 shows a combined identifier and selecting means for connecting registers by means of crossbar switches to markers in an automatic telephone exchange.
  • FIG. 2 shows a selecting means for the same purpose as in FIG. 1 but designed with electronic components and without the aid of selectors and identifiers.
  • FIG. 3 shows how a marker selects a free line in an indicated traffic route. 7
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram for a telephone exchange.
  • A1 is a subscriber's instrument, L1 a subscribers line and F1 a junction line.
  • the lines L1 and F1 are connected through the agency of selectors SLA-SLIB, a link circuit SNR, selectors GVA, GVB, GVC and the line equipment FURl of the junction line F 1.
  • the selectors SLA, SLB are set by connect relays MS.
  • the selectors GVA, GVB, GVC are set by connect relays MG.
  • Relays MS and MG are controlled from a marker Ml-I.
  • the marker Ml-I receives instructions from the originating register REGL.
  • the line L1 is connected to a link circuit SNR by selectors SLA, SLB.
  • the link circuit SNR is connected to a register REGL by selectors RSA, RSB.
  • the register REGL is set by the subscrib-ers dial according to a called directory number. This number and data for identifying the link circuit SNR are transmitted to number register MR in the marker Ml-I under control of a selecting means RMM. With the help of relays MGR, the marker MH operates a selecting means Gul to select a junction line Fl.
  • REGL is an add originating register with registering means RElREn for registering the digits of a called telephone number.
  • M111 is a main marker intended for group selector connections, etc.
  • RSM is a crossbar switch for connecting a register REGL to a marker.
  • a plurality of registers REGL are provided and, forexample, four markers MH1-MH4 are presupposed.
  • SM1-SMn For each register REGL there is found a selecting magnet SM1-SMn.
  • the invention centers around selecting means RMM for connecting the registers REGL to the markers Mill-M114 by means of the crossbar switch operating bars in RSM.
  • the selecting means RMM is composed of electromagnetic relays R1R12 which relays have two stable positions.
  • the relays can be conventional polarized relays or relays having two electromagnets and a rocker armature that is common to these. The armature actuates a make-and-break contact.
  • the relays should be fast-operating and for this reason they must be sen sitive with very few winding turns and small inductance.
  • the relays are polarized reed relays with contact springs of magnetic material.
  • the relay RRl When the register REGL is to be connected to a marker, the relay RRl will be operated. The contacts 15-16 are actuated. From each free marker Mill-M144 a circuit will be completed from source through the contacts 26,35, the winding of relay MR3, the rectifier e11 and through windings on the relays R10-Rl2, e.g. the upper winding of relay R11 and upper winding of relay R10; the upper winding of the relay R8 and the lower winding of relays R7, R6 and R4, the contact 15, a time relay, for example, a thermocontact r1, to negative source.
  • a time relay for example, a thermocontact r1, to negative source.
  • the relays MR3, R4, R6, R7, R8 and R10, R11 set their contacts so that the following circuit is completed: from source the contact 27, the winding of the relay MR2, the contacts 111, 101, 81, 72, 62, 42, the winding of the selecting magnet SMl, the contacts 16 and 18, to negative source.
  • the selecting magnet SM] and the relay MR2 operate in this circuit.
  • the contacts 28--29 are actuated.
  • the operating magnet BM is operated in a circuit through the con tact 29.
  • the contacts a1,b1 corresponding to the selecting magnet SMl are actuated.
  • a circuit is closed from number register MR through the winding b, the winding of the relay MR1, the contact b1, the winding of the relay RR2, to negative source.
  • the relays MR1 and RR2 operate.
  • the contacts 17--l8 and 25-27 are actuated.
  • the relay RRl releases its armature and the selecting means RMM is released.
  • the relay MR2 releases its armature.
  • the relays R10R12 are still energized and are switched to another free marker if such a marker exists.
  • register REGL and marker Mill are then held by the operating magnet BM that receives current through a resistance r2 via the contact 25.
  • a pulse is sent from number register MR through the wire a, the contact a], the rectifiers elen,the relays RE1--REn to the signal wires tl-l '10,tm.
  • the signals are received in number register MR and in- .dicate thecalled number that has been registered in originating register REGL.
  • Each main marker MHl-MI-M has a slow operating steady current relay AL that keeps the contacts 35, 36 actuated when the marker is operated. In case of a faultin the'marker the current is interrupted by relay AL and the marker is disconnected from traffic.
  • the number of main markers Ml-I 1-MI-I4 can be increased by adding relays or be decreased, for example to two, by removing the relays R1 1 and R12.
  • thermocontact r1 in the register REGL is actuated only if a call from the register is not followed by the operating of the relay RR2, i.e. by the connecting of the register to a marker.
  • a contact fault may be found in one of the contacts 42, 62, 72, 81, 101, 111.
  • the thermocontact r1 The invention is of course not limited to the identical em- ;bodiment shown in the FIG.
  • the identifying of the calling circuit, originating register REGL can be made by means of an electronic analyzer while the selection of a free apparatus, markers MH1MI-I4 is carried out according to the invention.
  • a marker is identified and a free line is selected, a connection fundamentally according to FIG. 1 being arranged for each traffic route.
  • REGL is an originating register with registering means REl-REn.
  • MHl is one marker among a number of, for example, six markers for the setting of selectors in a group selector stage.
  • a bypath with signal wires tl-r It), tm common to all registers and markers.
  • a calling means consisting of a relay RRI, a monostable circuit VT, a capacitor C1 and two resistances r1 and r2.
  • the invention is used for the selection of free markers by means of a selecting means RMM which'contains an andcircuit KI-K6 for each marker and a first group of bistable circuits V1V2 and a second group V3-V4 and a third group V5, having only one bistable circuit. Furthermore there are -or-circuits E1E5 for the setting of the bistable circuits V1V5.
  • the bistable circuit V0 When the marker Mill is free, the bistable circuit V0 is in the O-position and closes a circuit through the wire v1, the or -circuits Ell-E5, the resistance r3 and the winding of the supervisory relay ARI. It is presupposed that some marker is always free and holds the relay ARI operated by means of current" through the wires v1--v6, so that the alarm device AL is not-operated. Assuming the marker Mill is free and has been selected, then the bistable circuits V1, V4 and V5 will be in the- O-position and the conditions of the and-circuit K1 are fulfilled. Accordingly, the wire 31 is current carrying.
  • bistable v4 Only sneer the wires sI- s6 at a time can be conducting current since each of the and-circuits K1 K6 is associated with only one of the six possible combinations of the bistable circuits V1V4, V5. If the markers corresponding to the wires v1 and v2, s1 and :2 are occupied, bistable v4 will be switched to the 1-position and the position of the bistable circuit V2 decides which marker is to be selected.
  • each register REGL contains a time device, now shown in the FlG., which repeats a call directed to the markers from the register after a certain time if. a connection has been established which releases the register in a predetermined time.
  • the relay RRl After a registerfREGL, via the calling means, for example a link circuit, has received signals which indicate where a connection, connected to the register, is to be connected, the relay RRl will be operated temporarily. The contacts 11-12 are actuated. A short impulse is obtained'through the capacitor Cl and the resistance r2 to-the monostable circuit VT which is set into the l-position. Circuitsare closed from the bistable circuit VT, position. 1, through rectifiers el en, thev registering means RE1-REn, the wires tl-t10, rm to the and-circuits OT1--OTm of the marker MHI selected for this call. Simultaneously the wire r!
  • bistable circuit V0 is set into the l-positionby one of the circuits V1Vm and the connecting means MGR receives signals from bistable circuits V1Vm concerning data information for the calling means and for the called traffic route, for example a subscriber's group.
  • the pulse from bistable circuit VT is then supposed to be terminated, and for that reason circuit VT returns to the O-position.
  • a new marker is selected simultaneously, if such one exists I
  • the register REGL has herebyleft the continued connecting process to the marker Mlil that establishes a connection within the telephone exchange.
  • the calling means is indicated, for example, by a combination of wires up, uq and the called route by a wire at.
  • the calling means for this connection is then actuated when the connection is established and releases the register REGL.
  • the connecting means or relays MGR in the marker Mlll is equipped with means for code control. If marker Ml-Il receives a faulty, for example an incomplete, item of information,.so that no connection can be carried out, marker MI-I1 will be released immediately and register REGL again makes a new call.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown a partof a marker Ml-I including relays MR1MR4 and a line register HR for a larger traffic route, a part of the line equipment Fl of a junction line and a selecting means Gul for that traffic route to which the line Fl belongs.
  • the means G141 is composed of polarized electromagnetic relays R1R8 each provided with two windings I and II and two stable positions andtwo make-andbreak contacts connected accordingto the FIG. Furthermore there are found control relays URI UR2 and a resistance r2.
  • the means is constructed for four markers and an indefinite number of lines F,F., etc. I
  • a free junction line is selected in a circuit from battery V/2, the contacts 25, 15, the connecting point P. for example winding 1 on relays R4, R5, R7, the contacts 215, 200, the resistance r3, to negative source
  • the following circuits are completed: position source the winding of relay MR3, the contacts 22, 11; partly through contacts 111,421, the upper winding of relay UR2, contacts 131, 141, 151, partly through contacts 113, 123, the lower winding of relay UR2, contacts 133, 143, 153; and the contact 214, the winding of relay FUR2, to negative source
  • the relays MR3 and FUR2 operate in this circuit.
  • the windings of the relay UR2 counteract each other and therefore relay UR2 does not operate as both parallel circuits in selecting means Gul are closed.
  • the contacts 31 and 221- 224 are actuated.
  • the resistance r3 is short-circuited.
  • a signal is sent from the selected junction line equipment F1 to the calling marker MH.
  • the signal is continued during the make-time of the relay FURl and indicates on the one hand a group of lines, to which the line equipment F1 belongs, and on the other hand the position of line F1 within this group of lines.
  • the signal is registered in marker HR by the relays l-lRl and HR2 being held in the following circuits: positive source the contact 12, the winding of MR2, the contacts 52 and 62 respectively, the left winding of relays HRl and HR2 respectively, the contact 41, the winding of relay MR4, to negative source
  • the relay MR2 operates.
  • the contacts 21-25 are actuated.
  • the selecting means Gul is released.
  • the relays MR2, HR! and l-lR2 are held in a circuit through the wire ul and the contact 23.
  • the relay F URI operates.
  • the contacts 2l1-215 are actuated.
  • the line equipment F1 is marked busy.
  • the relay FURl is held in operated condition during the release time of the relay FUR2 which is slow-releasing.
  • the marker MP1 is supposed to have time to carry through the connection of the telephone communication. Then the contact 200 in the line equipment Fl will be actuated, which hereby remains busy-marked after relays FURl and FUR2 have released their armatures.
  • the line equipment F1 Since a very large number of calls is connected in dependence on the selecting means Gul, certain precautionary measures are taken.
  • the'relay FURl After the line equipment F1 has been selected and connected to a telephone connection, the'relay FURl is held in a circuit positive source through the contacts 101 and 213 and the lower winding of relayof FURL
  • the relay URI is operated in a circuit from the calling marker, for example through the contact 14 on the relay MR1, the relay FURl in the line equipment selected immediately before being released but not selected if another free line is provided. Thus one and the same line, perhaps a faulty line, is not selected over and over again.
  • the contacts 111-154 in selecting means Gul are controlled by relay UR2 that operates if interruption arises in one of the two parallel circuits through selecting means Gul. Then the contact 102 and an alarm device TC will be actuated.
  • the registering in the marker Ml-l of data information for the line selected by selecting means Gul requires controlling.
  • Such a control function is fulfilled by the relay MR4 that operates if more than two of the relays HRl-HRn are operated simultaneously. Then the contacts 41, 42 areactuated and the registering is canceled and after that, the call will be renewed.
  • a similar function can be fulfilled by contacts 51, 61 and by relays connected thereto which cancel the registering when only one of the relays l-lRl-l-lRn operates. In FIG. 3 it is however assumed that the relay MR2 is not able to operate if only one of the relays l-lRL-l-lRn is operated upon a registering.
  • a selecting network comprising at least three electromagnetic relays, each of said relays comprising two windings balancing each other, one end of one of the windings being connected to a corresponding end of the other winding to provide a common terminal, an armature which is switchable to one of two positions each associated with the flow of current through only an associated one of the two windings, a movable contact connected to said armature, and a pair of fixed contacts whereby said movable contact connects to one of said fixed contacts in accordance with the position of said armature, a current source having an output terminal and a return terminal, the free end of one winding of a first of said relays being connected to the common terminal of a second of said relays, the free end of the other winding of said first relay being connected to the common terminal of the third of said relays, means for connecting one terminal of said current source to the common terminal of said first relay, switching means for selectively connecting the free ends of the windings of said second and third relays to the other terminal of said current source
  • a selecting circuit comprising at least three electronic bistable device's, each of said bistable devices having two outputs which emit a signal associated with one of the two stable devices, second OR-circuit means for connecting the third and fourth of said sources to the second input of said third bistable devices, at least four AND-circuit means, each having at least two inputs and one output, the two outputs of said first bista- -.ble device being connected to first inputs of first and second of said AND-circuits respectively, the two outputs of said second .bistable device being connected to first inputs of third and fourth of said AND-circuits" respectively, one output of said third bistable device being connected to the second inputs of said first and second AND-circuits, and the other output of said third bistable device being connected to the second inputs of said third and fourth AND-circuits whereby a signal is emitted from the output of one and only one of said AND-circuits when a signal is emitted from at least one of said sources.
  • the apparatus of claim 1 further comprising means for registering an activated switching signal applying means and for registering an electric circuit to be selected and timing means for temporarily deactivating said activated switching signal applying" means if the electricei 'cuit to be selected is not selected ina given time.
  • the apparatus of claim! further comprisingmeans for selecting another of said electric circuits whenever a first of said electric circuits cannot be utilized.
  • each of said electromagnetic relays further comprises another movable contact connected to the armature thereof and two further fixed contacts, said contacts being 'so connected to form circuits in parallel to the circuits of the other contacts thereof, and alarm means that is activated upon a fault in one of the circuits.
US639760A 1966-06-02 1967-05-19 Selecting means Expired - Lifetime US3548110A (en)

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SE7529/66A SE302791B (fr) 1966-06-02 1966-06-02

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US (1) US3548110A (fr)
BE (1) BE699424A (fr)
DE (1) DE1537001B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1183941A (fr)
NL (1) NL6707478A (fr)
SE (1) SE302791B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4633042A (en) * 1984-07-26 1986-12-30 Electrotel, Inc. Electronic micro-controller conversion module for step by step switching apparatus
US20070146104A1 (en) * 2004-03-08 2007-06-28 Lee Ray F Active radio frequency coil for high field magnetic resonance imaging

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL215176A (fr) *
NL267039A (fr) * 1960-07-18
DE1212163B (de) * 1964-12-01 1966-03-10 Telefunken Patent Multistabiler Schalter zum gleich haeufigen Belegen von gleichartigen Einrichtungen in Fernmelde-, insbesondere Fernsprechanlagen

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4633042A (en) * 1984-07-26 1986-12-30 Electrotel, Inc. Electronic micro-controller conversion module for step by step switching apparatus
US20070146104A1 (en) * 2004-03-08 2007-06-28 Lee Ray F Active radio frequency coil for high field magnetic resonance imaging
US7876101B2 (en) * 2004-03-08 2011-01-25 New York University Active radio frequency coil providing negative resistance for high field magnetic resonance imaging

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Publication number Publication date
GB1183941A (en) 1970-03-11
BE699424A (fr) 1967-11-16
DE1537001B1 (de) 1970-05-21
SE302791B (fr) 1968-08-05
NL6707478A (fr) 1967-12-04

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