US3547188A - Tube heat exchanger with liquid heat carrier - Google Patents

Tube heat exchanger with liquid heat carrier Download PDF

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Publication number
US3547188A
US3547188A US738339A US3547188DA US3547188A US 3547188 A US3547188 A US 3547188A US 738339 A US738339 A US 738339A US 3547188D A US3547188D A US 3547188DA US 3547188 A US3547188 A US 3547188A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tubes
tube
liquid
heat carrier
covering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US738339A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans Kuhnlein
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Hch Bertrams AG
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of US3547188A publication Critical patent/US3547188A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/12—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by creating turbulence, e.g. by stirring, by increasing the force of circulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/106—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of two coaxial conduits or modules of two coaxial conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2240/00—Spacing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/355—Heat exchange having separate flow passage for two distinct fluids
    • Y10S165/40—Shell enclosed conduit assembly
    • Y10S165/401—Shell enclosed conduit assembly including tube support or shell-side flow director
    • Y10S165/405—Extending in a longitudinal direction
    • Y10S165/407—Extending in a longitudinal direction internal casing or tube sleeve
    • Y10S165/408—Tube sleeve

Definitions

  • U.S. Cl. 165/109 includes a cylindrical casing having a pair of partitions, one
  • Inner tubes for con- F28f9/24,F28d 7/00 ducting fluid to be heated or cooled extend between and Field of Search 165/159, through the partitions to interconnect the upper and lower 160, 161, 109, 134; 122/32; 23/288.92 chambers.
  • Tube heat exchangers with liquid heat carrier and having inner tubes carrying the fluid to be heated or cooled, which inner tubes are surrounded by a coaxial covering tube to define an annular channel for the liquid heat carrier are known.
  • These tube heat exchangers which, in most cases have a plurality of mutually parallel inner tubes enclosed by respective covering tubes, can serve as drop film evaporators, for the concentrating of lye solutions, for example, or for carrying out chemical reactions for preparing phthalic acid anhydride, for example. Thus, they are useable, by'way of example, whenever an accurate temperature control along the tube is required and the quantities of heat to be supplied or extracted are large.
  • Another procedure for distributing the heat carrier evenly over the space surrounding the tubes comprises providing, centrally of this space, a circulating propeller, and the liquid heat carrier is distributed as uniformly as possible over a perforated plate extending at right angles to the tube axis and with a large number of perforations.
  • the heat carrier is indeed evenly distributed over the entire cross section of the reactor containing the tubes.
  • the above mentioned transverse baffle plates have hitherto been used, the circulating quantity of cooling liquid necessarily being of such a magnitude that, between the entry and exit of the liquid salt, only a few degrees of temperature difference exists. In spite of this, no assurance can be given that all the tubes are cooled absolutely equally.
  • This invention relates to tube heat exchangers with liquid heat carriers and, more particularly, to a novel and improved 5 construction of such heat exchangers.
  • the above mentioned drawbacks with respect to differential distortion of the inner and covering tubes are avoided by forming the covering tube with indentations of equal radial height distributed along its length and around its circumference. These indentations project into the annular channel for the liquid heat carrier and serve, on one hand, as range spacers to assure a constant cross section of the channel and, at the same time, serve as turbulence producers in the annular channel.
  • Drawbacks of the known forms of tube heat exchangers of liquid heat carriers are avoided by the present invention in that the bundle of tubes is mounted upright in a cylindrical case between a cover plate and a bottom plate, the opposite ends of the tubes opening outside of these plates.
  • the casing space containing the tube bundle between the cover plate and the bottom plate is subdivided by an intermediate plate or partition into two superjacent chambers, one of which is connected with the inlet for the liquid heat carrier and the other of which is connected with the outlet for the liquid heat carri er.
  • the covering tubes provided with the aforementioned indentations, extend through the intermediate plate and communicate, on one end, directly below the cover plate and, on the other end, directly above the bottom plate, with a respective one of the two superjacent chambers.
  • the liquid heat carrier thus flows from the relatively large volume inlet chamber into the covering tubes, through the annular channels, and to the outlet chamber.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an improved tube heat exchanger utilizing a liquid heat carrier.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a heat exchanger including at least one inner tube for conducting fluid to be heated or cooled, with a covering tube surrounding the inner tube to define an annular channel for the liquid heat carrier and with the covering tube being formed with indentations at substantially equal radial height distributed longitudinally and circumferentially thereof.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide such a heat exchanger in which a bundle of tubes is mounted upright in a casing between a cover plate and a bottom plate and open into respective top and bottom chambers defined by the cover plate and the bottom plate.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a heat exchanger in which the interior of the casing between the cover plate and the bottom plate is subdivided by an intermediate plate into two superjacent chambers, one connected with the inlet for the liquid heat carrier and the other connected with the outlet for the liquid heat carrier.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide such a heat exchanger in which the covering tubes, formed with the mentioned indentations, surround the respective inner tubes in the intermediate space and extend through the intermediate plate.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a heat exchanger in which each covering tube opens, at opposite ends, adjacent the cover plate and the bottom plate, respectively, to thus interconnect the two superjacent chambers of the intermediate space.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide such a heat changer in which the indentations in the covering tubes s We not only asrange spacers to maintain a uniform cross tion of the annular channels but also serveas turbulence ucers in the annular channels.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a heat e changer inzwhich there is a uniform distribution of the liquid at carrier over the lengths of the tubes and equal, turbulent w conditions-along all of the tubes.
  • the illustrated reactor has a cylindrical casing 1 with an outwardly concave or arched coyer 1a and anoutwardly arched or concave base or bottom If); each of which is providedwith a respective fluid inlet or outlet.
  • Casing I is provided witha substantially horizon-.
  • talj co ver plate 3 and a substantially.horizontal, bottom plate 4,
  • a bundle Qfupright tubes 2 extend between, plates 3 and 4 and open therethrough into top chamber 5 and bottom chamber 6.
  • The'narrow inner tubesyZ extending between plates 3'and '4 are tightly anchored in these plates, and the plates 3 and 4 define an intermediate space.
  • the space intermediate plates 3 and 4 is subdividedby an intermediate plate 7 into twof superjacent chambers 8 and 9.
  • a lower connection 10 s'e'rv s as an inlet for the liquid. heat carrier into lower chamber 8, ⁇ while an upper connection 11, which-is diametrically opposite lower connection 10, serves: as an outlet for the liquid heat carrier from upper chamber .9.
  • q That portion of each tube 2 within chambers 8 and 9 is surroundedby a respective coaxial covering tube 12.
  • Tubes 12 have open top and bottom ends and extend in fluid-tight relat'icin' through intermediate plate 7. Each tube 12 opens at its : ⁇ directly underneath cover plate 3 into outlet chamber 9,
  • the inlet openingslZa of covering tubes 12 are widened in the nature of a funnel.
  • the space between each tube and. its respective covering tube 12 is, as coi'n'pared with the diameterof the tubes and particularly with thIeZ-tube-free volume of chambers 8 and 9, very small.
  • each; tube 12 is providedwith indentationsl3, 13a. which are distributed over the entire length and entire circumferenceof the covering tube, these indentations lying substantially. against, the associated inner tube 2.
  • lndentationsl3, 13a succeedingone another in a direction longitudinally of each tube 2 are staggered circumferentially. relative to one another.
  • the preferably hemisphericaljindentations 13,.13a prevent laminar flow from developing in the. narrow annular channel between each tube 2 and its covering tube 12'.
  • liquid salt at a temperature of 450 C. enters through inlet connection 10 into chamber 8 and distributes itself, in consequence of the large volume of the chamber, at a very low speed over the entire cross section of the'chamber.
  • the liquid heat carrier enters the inlet openings 1240f covering tubes 12.
  • the pressure, temperature and speed. of the liquid heat carrier in the covering tubes 12 along the innertubesl, containing the reacting gas, are thus the same for allof the tubes 12.
  • the strongly turbulent cooling liquid flowing-through the covering tubest-lZ exits'at the upper ends of covering tubes 12 into chamber 9', where thespeed of. the cooling liquid decreases ,again so asto be. practically negligible.
  • the cooling liquid leaves the reactor through connection 11. Since the two connections i0 and 11 are diametrically opposite each other, the inflow and outflow pressure losses, at right angles to the axes of the tubes, balance each other substantially completely.
  • the principal advantage of the tube exchanger of the invention is the definite speed and strong turbulence of the liquid heat carrier along the axes of the tubes, and this guarantees a much better heat transfer relative to the reactortubes than could be obtained with known liquid conducting means. Consequently, smaller heat transmission surfaces can be provided or, with smaller temperature differences, a more uniform cooling or heating can be achieved.
  • a tube heat exchanger with liquidheat carrier compris- 'ing, in combination, an upright substantially cylindrical casing having its upper end closed by a cover plate and its lower end closed by a bottom plate; a bundleofinner tubes, for conducting liquid to be heated or cooled disposed in a chamber defined by said casing, said coverplate and said bottom plate, each inner tube extending between said cover plate and said bottom plate and openingzexteriorly of, these plates; :1 plate in- In'o'peration, the above described reactor may include a termediate said cover plate and said bottom plate and dividing said chamberinto superjacent upper and lower subchambers, one of said subchambers having a.
  • each cover tube extending through a respective aperturein said intermediate plate and being supported. solely by said intermediate plate; the upper end of each eoveringtube opening into said upper subchamber directly below said cover plateand substantially above the lateral openingin saidsupper subchamber, and the lower end of each covering tube. opening into said lower subchamber directly above-said bottom plate and substantially below the lateral opening in said lower subchamber.
  • a tube heat exchanger with liquid heat carrier as claimed in claim 1, in which said chamberinlet communicates with the lower of said two superjacent subchambers and said subchambers-outlet communicates with'the upper of said superjacent chambers.
  • a tubeheat exchanger with liquid heat carrier as claimed in claim 2., in which said chamber inlet and said chamber out-" let are diametrically opposite, each other.
  • a tube heat exchanger with liquid heat carrier as claimed in claim 1, in which said heat exchanger includes outwardly convex upper and lower end walls each defining, with the adjacent one of said cover and bottom plates, a chamber having an opening for the supply of fluid t said inner tubes and the extraction of fluid from said inner tubes.
  • each covering tube is formed with indentations of substantially equal radial height distributed [on-

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US738339A 1967-06-20 1968-06-19 Tube heat exchanger with liquid heat carrier Expired - Lifetime US3547188A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH890467A CH449678A (de) 1967-06-20 1967-06-20 Röhrenwärmeaustauscher mit flüssigem Wärmeträger

Publications (1)

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US3547188A true US3547188A (en) 1970-12-15

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US738339A Expired - Lifetime US3547188A (en) 1967-06-20 1968-06-19 Tube heat exchanger with liquid heat carrier

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US (1) US3547188A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH449678A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1569319A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3870476A (en) * 1970-11-11 1975-03-11 Marsch Hans Dieter Device for performing catalytic endothermic reactions
US4113441A (en) * 1976-03-09 1978-09-12 Director-General Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology Steam reforming reactor
US4163470A (en) * 1977-06-30 1979-08-07 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Industrial technique
US4256783A (en) * 1977-07-13 1981-03-17 Nippon Skokubei Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. Catalytic vapor phase oxidation reactor apparatus
US4519984A (en) * 1982-01-18 1985-05-28 Phillips Petroleum Company Apparatus for carrying out sparged reaction
DE3411675A1 (de) * 1984-03-27 1985-10-10 Josef Hubert 5203 Much Schick Vorrichtung zum waerme- und stoffaustausch zwischen zwei oder mehr stroemungsfaehigen medien
DE3715713C1 (de) * 1987-05-12 1988-07-21 Borsig Gmbh Waermetauscher insbesondere zum Kuehlen von Spaltgasen
US4929798A (en) * 1984-03-05 1990-05-29 Canadian Patents And Development Limited Pseudoadiabatic reactor for exothermal catalytic conversions
US5362453A (en) * 1992-07-03 1994-11-08 Uhde Gmbh Reformer for the generation of synthesis gas
US20070264177A1 (en) * 2004-12-17 2007-11-15 Niels Erikstrup Reator for a Catalytic Conversion Reaction
CN101281002B (zh) * 2008-01-08 2011-04-27 王全龄 高效满液式耦合换热器
CN104949552B (zh) * 2014-03-27 2016-10-19 中山市雅西环保科技有限公司 管壳式换热器

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2008311C3 (de) * 1970-02-23 1974-03-07 Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lentjes-Rekuperator, 4000 Duesseldorf-Oberkassel Wärmetauscher
FR2633378B1 (fr) * 1988-06-22 1991-01-11 Innovations Thermiques Echangeur de chaleur a deux flux

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3870476A (en) * 1970-11-11 1975-03-11 Marsch Hans Dieter Device for performing catalytic endothermic reactions
US4113441A (en) * 1976-03-09 1978-09-12 Director-General Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology Steam reforming reactor
US4163470A (en) * 1977-06-30 1979-08-07 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Industrial technique
US4256783A (en) * 1977-07-13 1981-03-17 Nippon Skokubei Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. Catalytic vapor phase oxidation reactor apparatus
US4519984A (en) * 1982-01-18 1985-05-28 Phillips Petroleum Company Apparatus for carrying out sparged reaction
US4929798A (en) * 1984-03-05 1990-05-29 Canadian Patents And Development Limited Pseudoadiabatic reactor for exothermal catalytic conversions
DE3411675A1 (de) * 1984-03-27 1985-10-10 Josef Hubert 5203 Much Schick Vorrichtung zum waerme- und stoffaustausch zwischen zwei oder mehr stroemungsfaehigen medien
DE3715713C1 (de) * 1987-05-12 1988-07-21 Borsig Gmbh Waermetauscher insbesondere zum Kuehlen von Spaltgasen
US5362453A (en) * 1992-07-03 1994-11-08 Uhde Gmbh Reformer for the generation of synthesis gas
US20070264177A1 (en) * 2004-12-17 2007-11-15 Niels Erikstrup Reator for a Catalytic Conversion Reaction
US7794676B2 (en) * 2004-12-17 2010-09-14 Haldor Topsoe A/S Reactor for a catalytic conversion reaction
CN101281002B (zh) * 2008-01-08 2011-04-27 王全龄 高效满液式耦合换热器
CN104949552B (zh) * 2014-03-27 2016-10-19 中山市雅西环保科技有限公司 管壳式换热器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1569319A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-05-30
CH449678A (de) 1968-01-15

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