US3547153A - Single counterbalanced marine loading arm - Google Patents

Single counterbalanced marine loading arm Download PDF

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Publication number
US3547153A
US3547153A US3547153DA US3547153A US 3547153 A US3547153 A US 3547153A US 3547153D A US3547153D A US 3547153DA US 3547153 A US3547153 A US 3547153A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
arm
section
inboard
outboard
horizontal axis
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter J Bily
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FMC Corp
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FMC Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of US3547153A publication Critical patent/US3547153A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D9/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids when loading or unloading ships
    • B67D9/02—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids when loading or unloading ships using articulated pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L27/00—Adjustable joints; Joints allowing movement
    • F16L27/08—Adjustable joints; Joints allowing movement allowing adjustment or movement only about the axis of one pipe
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/8807—Articulated or swinging flow conduit

Definitions

  • a fluid-transferring apparatus of the marineloading arm type including a vertical riser section, an inboard arm section mounted on the riser section for pivotal movement in a vertical plane about a first horizontal axis and in a horizontal plane about a vertical axis, an outboard arm section connected to the inboard section for pivotal movement in a vertical plane about a second horizontal axis, a single-counterweight pantograph-type counterbalance system for counterbalancing the inboard and outboard arm sections about the first horizontal axis and the outboard arm section about the second horizontal axi
  • the present invention involves that field of art disclosing single-counterbalanced marineloading arms provided with a power system for maneuvering the arm about horizontal and vertical axes, and for moving the counterweight to maintain the arm in balance in all its positions.
  • Marine-loading arms generally comprising a plurality of rigid tubular conduits pivotally interconnected by swivel joints and mounted on an upright riser conduit on a wharf or pier, have been found most suitable for this purpose, and in order to reach the manifolds on these huge vessels and transfer the greatest volume of fluid in the shortest possible time these arms are being constructed with reaches of 65 feet and greater, and with fluidconduits of 16 or more inches in diameter.
  • boom sections of these huge loading arms can weight as much as 30 tons, they must be counterbalanced on the riser so that they can be maneuvered.
  • One mechanism for this purpose involves a counterweight supported on the rearward end of a beam pivotally mounted above and generally parallel to the inboard section of the arm, and a system of hydraulically-operated cylinders for moving the arm and the counterweight to maintain a state of balance regardless of the position in which the arm is placed.
  • loading arms of this type have many desirable features, they also possess some that are undesirable, one being that of restricted reach especially in a generally vertical direction.
  • the hydraulic cylinders for raising and lowering the arm commonly are connected directly to the riser in such a way that vertical movement of the arm is limited by the stroke of the cylinders.
  • the arm In order to elevate the coupling end of the arm sufficiently to go aboard high-sided tankers, the arm has been mounted upon a very tall riser, thereby placing the center of gravity further from the wharf and increasing the structural strength requirements for a stable, safe mounting.
  • the counterweight on these arms also can present a restriction on their vertical reach, for when mounted in its usual position in the same plane with the riser it will not pass by that riser as the arm approaches a vertical attitude.
  • the present invention solves the foregoing problems associated with powered single-counterweighted marine-loading arms by locating the counterweight and its supporting structure, and the hydraulic power system for maneuvering the arm, such that the arm can be tilted back behind the vertical into a stowed position that occupies a minimum of wharf space and thereby facilitates mounting the arm unusually close to the wharfs edge.
  • the counterweight is split into two equal units and supported by a forked beam, one unit on each prong of the fork, so that when the arm is elevated and tilted back behind the vertical the counterweight units pass on either side of the riser.
  • the fulcrums of a pair of bellcrank links are rotatably and coaxially mounted on opposite sides of the riser, and the forks of the beam are pivotally mounted on the first arms of the links.
  • a first hydraulic cylinder is connected between the links first arms and a point on the beam intermediate the beams mounting on the links and the counterweight, and a second hydraulic cylinder interconnects the links second arms and the front of the riser, to provide power for pivoting the arm about a horizontal axis.
  • Third and fourth hydraulic cylinders are mounted vertically on the front of the riser above its swivel, and a cable extending between the cylinder rods wraps around the riser below the swivel, to facilitate slewing or rotating the arm about a vertical axis.
  • FIG. I is a view in perspective of a partially extended loading arm embodying the principles of the instant invention, viewing the arm from the front and a position to the left of center.
  • FIG. 2 is a view in side elevation of the inner portion of the inboard arm section of the loading arm of FIG. I, and on a slightly enlarged scale, showing it in stowed position tilted behind the vertical, and in phantom lines the same position as in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary view in front elevation of the upper portion of the riser and the inner portion of the inboard section of the arm, with the inboard section extending vertically.
  • FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view in rear elevation similar to FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary view in vertical section through the riser and the loading arms trunnion swivel, with the inboard section of the arm disposed horizontally and extending away from the viewer.
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view of the upper portion of the loading arm at the juncture of the inboard and outboard sections, viewed in the direction of the arrow 6 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 7 is a side elevation of the upper portion of the loading arm viewed along the lines 7-7 of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a side elevation of the loading arm, on a reduced scale, illustrating its stowed position.
  • FIG. 9 is a side elevation like FIG. 8, showing the arm after it has been pivoted forward from the FIG. 8 position by retraction of the rod of the front hydraulic cylinder.
  • FIG. 10 is a side elevation like FIGS. 8 and 9, showing the arms position after the rear hydraulic cylinderTs rod has been extended from the FIG. 8 position.
  • the marine-loading arm 20 of this invention comprises a relatively short, upright riser 22, an inboard arm section 24 mounted on the riser for rotation about a horizontal axis X, an outboard arm section 26 connected to the inboard arm section 24 for rotation with respect thereto about a generally horizontal axis Y, a coupling assembly 28 on the other end of the inboard section 26 for connecting the arm to a marine tanker manifold, a counterbalancing assembly 30 for counterbalancing the inboard and outboard arm sections 24, 26 and the assembly 30 itself about the axis X, and the outboard arm section 26 about the axis Y, and a power assembly 32 for maneuvering the arm between a stowed position (FIG. 8) and. any position extended therefrom within the arms reach as well as through the riser 22.
  • a stowed position FIG. 8
  • Theriser 22 normally is mounted vertically and rigidly on a wharf 34 in fluid communication with a pipe line 36 extending l g to a reservoir or other fluid storage or source (not shown).
  • the riser22 comprises a lower nonrotatable section 38 surmounted by anupper section 40 rotatable with respect to section 38 about the vertical axis Z by virtue of their swivel joint connection 42.
  • a fluidtight seal is established between the male and .female elements of the swivel joint 42 by a packing 44, held in place T by a retaining ring 46.
  • the inboard arm section '24 is mounted on the risers upper If section 40 for rotation about the horizontal axis X by means of a trunnion-swivell48, as best illustrated in FIG. 5. Because of the arms large size and weight, a bracing structure is rigidly connected to the inner arm section 24, and it is likewise mounted for rotation about the axis X on the risers upper sec- 1 F tion 40 by another trunnion swivel 52 coaxial with the swivel j 48. The bracing structure 50 provides lateral support for the -"arm '24 and helps to reduce wear on the trunnion swivel 48. Thus,-the upper section 40 of the riser 22 is shaped.
  • the outboard arm section 26 is connected to the inboard arm section 24 by means of a swivel j joint 54 facilitating rotation of the outboard arm 26 about the axis Y.
  • the coupling assembly 28 can be of any suitable type, ini cluding the conventional style illustrated in the drawings comi ffprising an elbow 56 connected'by a swivel joint 58 to first elbow 60 on the outer end'of the outboard arm section .26, a psecond elbow 62 connected to thefirs t elbow 56 by a swivel 9 joint, and a terminal flange section-66 connected to'the second elbow 62 by swivel joint 68 for coupling the arm to the ;manifold of a tanker or other marine vessel.
  • T-he counterbalancing assembly 30 comprises a beam 70, a i'pair of bellcrank links 72, 74 that are rotatably mounted at ltheir fulcrums on the riser's upper section 40 through swivel joints 76, 78 (FIG. 5), a link (FIGS. 1, 6 and 7) rigidly attached to the outboard arm section 26 and rotatable with respect to the inboard arm section '24 through the swivel joint I 54, and a counterweight 82.
  • I ,5 The beam 70 forks into two prongs or sections 70a, 70b, and these sections are interconnected and braced by longitudinal and transverse struts 86. The.
  • sections 70a, 70b are pivotally attached to corresponding arms 72a, 74a of the bellcrank links 72, 74 at positions 88, (FIG. 5), and in the illustrated embodiment extend forward and pivotally connect to the link 80 i ⁇ at position 92.
  • the counterweight 82 for counterbalancing the loading arm about the axis X is split into two sections 82a, 82b of equal weight, and these sections are mounted separately on the rear of the beam sections 70a, 70b.
  • the counterbalancing assembly 30 is pivotally ounted on the riser 22 independently of the inboard arm section 24, and also is pivotally connected to the inner end of the ms outboard section 26, so that as the outboard section 26 vots about the axis Y the beam 70 will move longitudinally and transversely with respect to the arms inboard section 24.
  • the forked beam 70 and split counterweight 82 nable the inboard arm section 24 to be'pivoted about the axis into a position tilted back behind the vertical (FIGS. 2 and a position that is more compact for'stowage, than one that vertical or slightly forward therefrom to which other arms e restricted.
  • the power assembly32 includes a vertical rotation unit r. rotating the inboard arm section 24 about the axis X and e outboard arm section about the axis Y, and a horizontal L tation unit 102 for rotating or slewing the arm horizontally bout the vertical axis Z.
  • the vertical'rotation, unit 100 comprises a front cylinder 04 pivotally mounted at position 106 on a bracket 108 that is rigidly fixed to the risers upper section 40, and-a rear cylinder 110 that is pivotally mounted on the beam sections 70a. 70b at positions 112, 113 intermediate the counterweight and the positions 88, 90..
  • the piston rod 114 of the cylinder 104 is pivotally connected at position 116 to a transverse strut 118 that is fixed to the arms 72!), 74b of the bellcrank links 72; 74.
  • the piston rod 120 of the rear cylinder 110 is pivotally connected at position 122 to a strut 124 fixed to the arms 72a, 74a of the bellcrank links 72, 74.
  • the inboard and outboard sections 24, 26 and the counterbalancingassembly 30 rotate as a unit about Lthe riser 122* through-swivels48, .52, yet during this rotation they retain their respective positions with regard to each other, i.e;-, the angle between the inboard and outboard arm sections 24 and 26does not change and the beam 70 does not move with respect to the inboard arm section 24.
  • the arm will move to the position indicated in FIG. 9 when the piston rod 114 is retracted into the cylinder 104.
  • the arm and the coupling assembly 28 can bemaneuvered vertically into any upright position within the reach of the apparatus.
  • the horizontal rotation unit 102 comprises a pair of vertically mounted cylinders 130, 132 (FIG. 3) pivotally con nected to brackets 134,136 that are mounted on the risers upper section 40. Downward extensions 138, I40 of v the brackets 134,136 provide support for a pair of sheaves 142. 144 rotatably mounted on the lower ends of these extensions.
  • a cable l46. is trainedaround a guide rim 148 surrounding and fastened to the risers lower nonrotatable section 38, and the ends of the cable are connected to the cylinders piston rods 150, 152.
  • the loading arm can be rotated clockwise about the axis Z when viewed from above, and by extending the rod and retractingthe rod 152 a counterclockwise rotation of the arm canbe achieved. This facilitates maneuvering the arm andthe coupling assembly horizontally into any lateral position withthe reach of the apparatus.
  • the herein described unique system for counterbalancingand maneuvering a marine-loading arm enables the arms coupling. assembly to be positioned at any desired location within its reach capabilities, without any restriction whatsoever, while also enabling the arm to be stowed in a minimum of wharf space and tube mounted. unusually close to the' 'wharf's edge with no danger of creating an obstruction to vessels moored alongside.
  • a fluid-transferring apparatus comprising an inboard section mounted; upon an upright support for pivotal move ment thereon about a'first generally horizontal axis; anoutboard-armsection'pivotally connected at one end to theouter end of the inboard arm section for movement thereon about a second generally horizontal axis; a beam extending along the inboard-arm section; means pivotally connecting one end of the beam to said outboard-arm section; link means rotatably mounted on said support for pivotal movement about said first generally horizontal axis independently of said inboard-arm section; means pivotally connecting the beam to said link means; a counterweight mounted on said beam at a position to counterbalance the combined weight of said inboard and outboard arm sections and said beam about said first horizontal axis; first power means extending between said link means and said support for pivoting said link means about said first horizontal axis; and second power means extending between said link means and said beam to pivot said beam with respect to said link means and said outboard-arm-section; whereby operation of
  • said link means comprises a bellcrank member with its fulcrum pivotally connected to said support 4.
  • said first power means is pivotally connected to a first arm of said bellcrank member.
  • said second power means is pivotally connected to a second arm of said bellcrank member.
  • a fluid-transferring apparatus comprising an inboardarm section mounted upon an upright support for pivotal movement thereon about a first generally horizontal axis; an outboard-arm section pivotally connected at one end to the outer end of the inboard-arm section for movement thereon about a second generally horizontal axis; a beam extending along the inboard-arm section; means pivotally connecting the beam to said outboard-arm section; means mounting the beam on said support for pivotal movement about said first generally horizontal axis independently of said inboard-arm section; a counterweight mounted on said beam at a position to counterbalance the weight of said inboard and outboard arm sections and said beam about said first horizontal axis; first power means extending between said mounting means and said support for pivoting said mounting means about said first horizontal axis; said first power means located on the opposite side of said first horizontal axis with respect to said counterweight when said inboard-arm section is in a generally horizontal position; and second power means extending between said mounting means and said beam to pivot saidbeam with respect to said mounting means and said out
  • a fluid transferring apparatus comprising an inboardarm section mounted upon an upright support for pivotal movement thereon about a first generally horizontal axis; an outboard-arm section pivotally connected at one end to the outer end of the inboard-arm section for movement thereon about a second generally horizontal axis; a beam extending along the inboard-arm section; means pivotally connecting the beam to said outboard-arm section; means mounting the beam on said support for pivotal movement about said first generally horizontal axis independently of said inboard-arm section; a counterweight mounted on said beam at a position to counterbalance the weight of said inboard and outboard arm sections and said beam about said first horizontal axis; first power means extending between said mounting means and said support for pivoting said mounting means about said first horizontal axis; and second power means extending between said mounting means and said beam to pivot said beam with respect to said mounting means and said outboard-arm section, said second power means being pivotally connected to said beam intermediate said counterweight and said mounting means; whereby said inboard-arm section can be pivoted about

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
US3547153D 1968-06-10 1968-06-10 Single counterbalanced marine loading arm Expired - Lifetime US3547153A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US73587768A 1968-06-10 1968-06-10

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US3547153A true US3547153A (en) 1970-12-15

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US3547153D Expired - Lifetime US3547153A (en) 1968-06-10 1968-06-10 Single counterbalanced marine loading arm

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US (1) US3547153A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5310287B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE734353A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2010546B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1212969A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6908687A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
OA (1) OA03070A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4093003A (en) * 1975-05-15 1978-06-06 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for loading and unloading ships
DE3523472A1 (de) * 1985-02-05 1986-08-14 Kanon Loading Equipment B.V., Harderwijk Verladevorrichtung fuer fliessfaehige gueter
US20150225970A1 (en) * 2012-07-24 2015-08-13 Putzmeister Engineering Gmbh Rotary distributor for thick matter
USD995398S1 (en) * 2022-04-27 2023-08-15 J. De Jonge Beheer B.V. Marine loading arm

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1584266A (en) * 1977-02-05 1981-02-11 Fmc Corp Fluid transfer systems
JPS5690239U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1979-12-14 1981-07-18
FR3085948B1 (fr) * 2018-09-14 2020-12-11 Fmc Tech Systeme de transfert d'un produit fluide

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4093003A (en) * 1975-05-15 1978-06-06 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for loading and unloading ships
DE3523472A1 (de) * 1985-02-05 1986-08-14 Kanon Loading Equipment B.V., Harderwijk Verladevorrichtung fuer fliessfaehige gueter
US20150225970A1 (en) * 2012-07-24 2015-08-13 Putzmeister Engineering Gmbh Rotary distributor for thick matter
USD995398S1 (en) * 2022-04-27 2023-08-15 J. De Jonge Beheer B.V. Marine loading arm

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE734353A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-11-17
DE1929095A1 (de) 1970-03-05
NL6908687A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-12-12
FR2010546A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-02-20
JPS5310287B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1978-04-12
GB1212969A (en) 1970-11-18
OA03070A (fr) 1970-12-15
FR2010546B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-03-05

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