US3545411A - Saturated-steam generator - Google Patents

Saturated-steam generator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3545411A
US3545411A US631737A US3545411DA US3545411A US 3545411 A US3545411 A US 3545411A US 631737 A US631737 A US 631737A US 3545411D A US3545411D A US 3545411DA US 3545411 A US3545411 A US 3545411A
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United States
Prior art keywords
steam
water
saturated
vessel
boiler
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US631737A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jurgen Vollradt
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Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/08—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being steam
    • F22B1/14—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being steam coming in direct contact with water in bulk or in sprays
    • F22B1/143—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being steam coming in direct contact with water in bulk or in sprays in combination with a nuclear installation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
    • Y10S261/10—Steam heaters and condensers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a saturated steam generator, and particularly to a generator of the Loeffler boiler-type for use with steam-cooled nuclear reactors.
  • Prior art attempts to generate the large quantities of saturated steamrequired by steam-cooled nuclear reactors have generally centered on three systems: heat exchangers; Loefl'ler boilers; and injection cooling systems.
  • the conventional heat exchanrated steam is generated by applying the heat from asuper heater directly to the water to vaporized. Since it is only known to provide but a single water level in such boilers, the
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional detail view of a modified form of construction of the arrangement of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional detail view taken along the line 7-7 ofFIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a view similar to that of FIG. 2 showing one feature of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a simplified perspective view of a portion of various embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified, longitudinal, cross-sectional view of a Loeffler type boiler according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to that of FIG. 2 of another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a view similar to that of FIG. 9 of a modified form of construction of the portion illustrated in FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 11 is a view similar to that of FIG. 9 showing other features of the present invention.
  • FIG. l2 is a simplified, axial, cross-sectional, detail view of a further embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view takenalong the line 13-13 of FIG. 12.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 there is shown a Loefflertype boiler, provided, according to the present invention, with a plurality of water levels.
  • a lateral wall 2 Disposed within thecontaining vessel l is a lateral wall 2 provided with inlet openings 3 for the passage of superheated steam introduced through the inlet pipe 4 into a superheated steam distributor region 5. Steam passing through the openings 3 enters delivery tubes 6 mounted on the wall 2. Also mounted on the wall 2 are a plurality of longitudinally extending troughs 7 each of which is provided to hold water at one of the water levels 11 in the vessel l.
  • the bottom of the vessel 1 itself constitutes the container for the lowermost water level.
  • the water W to be heated flows into the troughs? and the bottom of the vessel 1 via respective supply tubes 8.
  • the tubes 6 for delivering superheated steam to the various water levels are arranged in a plurality of layers, as is best shown in FIG. 2, each layer corresponding to a respective water level.
  • Superheated steam flowing through the tubes 6 is discharged into each water body via openings 9 for transforming the water in each trough 7 and at the bottom of vessel 1 into saturated steam S which is discharged through the outlet pipe 10 at the top of vessel 1.
  • the vessel 1 isprovided witha space 12 for the passage of saturated steam S from the water levels 11 to the pipell).
  • FIG. 3 shows another form of construction according to the present invention in which a plurality of saturated steam discharge pipes l3, I4, 15, and 16 are provided inthe cylindrical wall of vessel 1.
  • Pipe 16 is provided for the passage of saturated steam from the uppermost water level, pipes'13 are pro- 'vided for removing saturated steam from the next succeeding water level, pipes are provided for the third water level from the top, and pipes 15 are provided for the lowermost water level maintained at the bottom of the vessel 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a viewsimilar to that of FIG. 2 of still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a view similarto that of FIG. 2 of yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a plurality of pipes 13' are provided for the discharge of saturated steam from the two intermediate water levels 17 and .18, and a plurality of pipes 15' are provided for the discharge of saturated steam from the lowest two water levels.
  • two troughs are provided at each but the lowest level in the vessel, and above each water level are provided a plurality of inclined sheets 19 defining guide channels 20 for the passage of saturated steam from the water levels to the discharge pipes.
  • Each of the sheets 19 is longitudinally coextensive with its respective trough. the provision of the guide channels 20 assures that the saturated steam will have the longest possible upward flow path to the discharge pipes and assures that the steam flowing to the discharge pipes will not have an undesirably high water content.
  • the sheets 20 can be mounted on the transverse wall 2 (FIG. 1) and may additionally be supported by the end wall of vessel 1 through which the' water inlet pipes 8 extend.
  • FIG. 6 shows an arrangement in which one side wall of the trough 7 is constituted by a portion of the wall of vessel 1 and in which a plurality of corrugated, or otherwise suitably shaped, metal sheets 21 are disposed in the steam guide channels between, above and below the sheets 19 for the purpose of drying the saturated steam.
  • FIG. 7 shows a modified form of construction of the embodiment of FIG. 1 and 2 in which a plurality of overflow pipes 23 are provided, each overflow pipe extending between an adjacent pair of water levels. These overflow pipes permit excess water at one level to flow off to the next lower water level.
  • FIG. 9 there is shown one form of superheated steam delivery arrangement according to the presentinvention which is constituted by a plurality of tubes 6 associated with each trough 7, each tube being provided with superheated steam outlet openings 9 distributed around only the lower half of its circumference. This location for the outlet openings 9 serves to increase the time during which the superheated steam remains in the water of trough 7 so as to increase the efficiency of the heat transfer between the superheated steam and the water.
  • FIG. shows another form of construction for the superheated steam delivery system according to the present invention in which each trough 7 and the bottom of vessel 1 is provided with a perforated partition floor 25 cooperating with floor 24, or the vessel bottom, to define a double floor.
  • the floor 25 is spaced above the floor 24 of trough 7 and is perforated with a plurality of steam outlet openings 9.
  • Superheated steam is introduced between floors 24 and 25, while the water to be converted into steam is maintained above floor 25;
  • Superheated steam passing through openings 9 rises through the water above floor 25 and converts this water into steam.
  • the superheated steam below floor 25 is preferably maintained at a sufficient pressure to prevent any substantial amounts of water from passing through the openings 9 into the steam delivery space.
  • FIG. 11 shows another variation according to the present invention wherein a trough 7 having a superheated steam delivery system of the type shown in FIG. 10 is provided with a plurality of flat, vertically spaced and horizontally offset steam baffle strips 27 or curved bafiles 27 disposed below the water level in trough 7 so as to cause the superheated steam flowing from openings 9' to follow a longer flow path through the water W.
  • This longer flow path permits a more efficient transfer of heat from the steam to the water.
  • the trough 7 having a superheated steam delivery system of the type shown in FIG. 10 is provided with a plurality of flat, vertically spaced and horizontally offset steam baffle strips 27 or curved bafiles 27 disposed below the water level in trough 7 so as to cause the superheated steam flowing from openings 9' to follow a longer flow path through the water W.
  • This longer flow path permits a more efficient transfer of heat from the steam to the water.
  • each water body can be reduced, thus permittin a more compact structure to be realized.
  • the baffles 27 or can be mounted between the longitudinal end walls of the trough 7.
  • FIG. 12 and 13 show a modified form construction of the arrangement shown in FIG. 10 wherein the trough 7 is provided with a bottom wall 24' formed with a plurality of downwardly extending hollow fins 26. These fins extend into the region through which saturated steam flows from the next lower water level to its associated steam outlet pipes. Superheated steam below floor 25 circulates inside the fins 26 and heats them to a high temperature so that they will act to dry the saturated steam passing between them.
  • the floor of each trough may be provided with such fins for drying the saturated steam produced at the next lower water level.
  • a Loeffler-type boiler for producing saturated steam, the improvement comprising containers disposed in said boiler for holding water at a plurality of vertically spaced levels within said boiler, said containers including at least one trough at each water level for holding a body of water, and a separate water inlet for each said trough.
  • An arrangement as defined in claim I further comprising a plurality of steam baffles disposed in at least on one-of said troughs in the region thereof which is to be filled 'with water.
  • each of said troughs is provided with adouble floor through which superheated steam flows, the upper side of each said double floor being provided with steam outlet passages.
  • each said double floor defines a plurality of downwardly extending hollow fins in which superheated steam circulates for drying the steam emanating from the next lower water level.
  • An arrangement as defined in claim 1 further comprising at least one water overflow pipe extending between two adjacent water levels for conveying overflow water from the upper one of said water levels to the lower one thereof.
  • An arrangement as defined in claim 1 further comprising a plurality of superheated steam supply tube, at least one for each water level, each positioned to be immersed in the water at its associated level and having a plurality of steam passages distributed only around the lower half of its circumference.
  • Cm 12. In a Loeffler-type boiler for producing saturated steam, the improvement comprising: containers disposed in said boiler for holding water at a plurality of vertically spaced levels within said boiler; and means defining steam guide channels disposed above at least the uppermost one of said levels for guiding steam produced in said boiler to steam discharge pipes provided in the wall of said boiler.
  • Cm 13 An arrangement as defined in claim 12 further comprising metal sheets disposed in said guide channels for drying the steam passing therethrough.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US631737A 1966-04-20 1967-04-18 Saturated-steam generator Expired - Lifetime US3545411A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEL0053389 1966-04-20

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DE (1) DE1551028A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1177138A (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4399082A (en) * 1975-02-12 1983-08-16 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Blowdown device for steam power plants
US4415508A (en) * 1977-10-26 1983-11-15 Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. Apparatus for mixing gases
US7487955B1 (en) * 2005-12-02 2009-02-10 Marathon Petroleum Llc Passive desuperheater
US11802257B2 (en) 2022-01-31 2023-10-31 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Systems and methods for reducing rendered fats pour point
US11860069B2 (en) 2021-02-25 2024-01-02 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Methods and assemblies for determining and using standardized spectral responses for calibration of spectroscopic analyzers
US11891581B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2024-02-06 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Tower bottoms coke catching device
US11898109B2 (en) 2021-02-25 2024-02-13 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Assemblies and methods for enhancing control of hydrotreating and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes using spectroscopic analyzers
US11905479B2 (en) 2020-02-19 2024-02-20 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Low sulfur fuel oil blends for stability enhancement and associated methods
US11905468B2 (en) 2021-02-25 2024-02-20 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Assemblies and methods for enhancing control of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes using spectroscopic analyzers
US11970664B2 (en) 2021-10-10 2024-04-30 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Methods and systems for enhancing processing of hydrocarbons in a fluid catalytic cracking unit using a renewable additive
US11975316B2 (en) 2019-05-09 2024-05-07 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Methods and reforming systems for re-dispersing platinum on reforming catalyst
US12000720B2 (en) 2019-09-06 2024-06-04 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Product inventory monitoring

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4399082A (en) * 1975-02-12 1983-08-16 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Blowdown device for steam power plants
US4415508A (en) * 1977-10-26 1983-11-15 Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. Apparatus for mixing gases
US7487955B1 (en) * 2005-12-02 2009-02-10 Marathon Petroleum Llc Passive desuperheater
US11891581B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2024-02-06 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Tower bottoms coke catching device
US11975316B2 (en) 2019-05-09 2024-05-07 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Methods and reforming systems for re-dispersing platinum on reforming catalyst
US12000720B2 (en) 2019-09-06 2024-06-04 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Product inventory monitoring
US11905479B2 (en) 2020-02-19 2024-02-20 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Low sulfur fuel oil blends for stability enhancement and associated methods
US11920096B2 (en) 2020-02-19 2024-03-05 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Low sulfur fuel oil blends for paraffinic resid stability and associated methods
US11860069B2 (en) 2021-02-25 2024-01-02 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Methods and assemblies for determining and using standardized spectral responses for calibration of spectroscopic analyzers
US11906423B2 (en) 2021-02-25 2024-02-20 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Methods, assemblies, and controllers for determining and using standardized spectral responses for calibration of spectroscopic analyzers
US11905468B2 (en) 2021-02-25 2024-02-20 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Assemblies and methods for enhancing control of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes using spectroscopic analyzers
US11921035B2 (en) 2021-02-25 2024-03-05 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Methods and assemblies for determining and using standardized spectral responses for calibration of spectroscopic analyzers
US11898109B2 (en) 2021-02-25 2024-02-13 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Assemblies and methods for enhancing control of hydrotreating and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes using spectroscopic analyzers
US11885739B2 (en) 2021-02-25 2024-01-30 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Methods and assemblies for determining and using standardized spectral responses for calibration of spectroscopic analyzers
US11970664B2 (en) 2021-10-10 2024-04-30 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Methods and systems for enhancing processing of hydrocarbons in a fluid catalytic cracking unit using a renewable additive
US11802257B2 (en) 2022-01-31 2023-10-31 Marathon Petroleum Company Lp Systems and methods for reducing rendered fats pour point

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Publication number Publication date
GB1177138A (en) 1970-01-07
DE1551028A1 (de) 1970-01-15

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