US3543382A - Process for explosive surface bonding of metal parts - Google Patents

Process for explosive surface bonding of metal parts Download PDF

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Publication number
US3543382A
US3543382A US738071A US3543382DA US3543382A US 3543382 A US3543382 A US 3543382A US 738071 A US738071 A US 738071A US 3543382D A US3543382D A US 3543382DA US 3543382 A US3543382 A US 3543382A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
plates
air
gas
velocity
explosive
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US738071A
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter Riegelmayer
Jakob Roth
Ulf Richter
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Dynamit Nobel AG
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Dynamit Nobel AG
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Publication date
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/06—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy
    • B23K20/08—Explosive welding

Definitions

  • the spacing of the plates is maintained to obtain a sufii ciently high collision velocity; however, this has the disadvantage that air is inherently present between the plates.
  • the air is displaced from the space between the plates and is subjected to a compression shock in the direction of advancement of the collision front.
  • very high pressures and temperatures occur rearwardly of the compression shock, which have the disadvantage of forming plating faults particularly in the case of large surfaces to be plated or bonded and in the case of thin metal sheets.
  • undulating or corrugating effects can be produced in thin metal sheets by the pressure forces from the inside, that is, from the plate interspace, which undulating effects can in turn cause air inclusions.
  • Another disadvantage is produced by the extremely high temperatures which can cause buckling, that is, deformation of the metal sheets.
  • the gas employed is hydrogen or helium.
  • the present invention has recognized the advantageous result that the pressure and temperature rearwardly of the compression shock wave in the gas employed according to the present invention are far below those resulting from the use of air in the interspace between the plates.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of two plates being surface bonded together by the ignited explosive
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic equivalent representation of the conditions existing in the plate interspace.
  • FIG. 1 shows two metallic plates 1 and 2 in an inclined position, that is, non-parallel, with respect to each other. Such a. positioning produces a plate interspace 3, that is, a wedgeshaped space between the plates 1 and 2.
  • An explosive 4 is provided in a layer on the outside of at least one of the plates 2.
  • the explosive '4 has been ignited from its left end and partially burned toward the right.
  • the arrow 5 indicates the plating front or collision front between the two plates, which is caused by the plates being driven toward each other into engagement by the detonation front indicated by arrow 6, which corresponds substantially with the burning front of the explosive.
  • the plating or collision front 5 will proceed from the left to the right at a plating velocity V which is schematically represented by the arrow 7.
  • FIG. 2 A schematic equivalent illustration of the gas conditions within the plate interspace is illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the advancement of the bonding zone or plating front at a velocity V in the plating direction toward the right is schematically shown by piston 8 between the parallel plates 1 and 2, in FIG. 1, which piston is moving in the direction of arrow 9 corresponding to the direction of the plating velocity V to drive the gas in front of it.
  • the moving piston 8 imparts a shock to the gas, which is propagated in the gas at a shock velocity V indicated by arrow 12.
  • the shock velocity V is higher than the piston velocity V and in the same direction.
  • shock wave or shock front 10 Across this shock front or shock wave 10, the pressure rises suddenly from P to P and the temperature increases suddenly from T to T
  • the shock wave or shock front 10 has a very small thickness approximately equal to the diameter of several molecules. In the space 11 behind the shock front 10, the high pressure P and high temperature T are preserved until the arrival of the plating front 5.
  • Air Helium Hydrogen V (m./sec.) m./sec.) m./sec.) m./sec.) m./sec.)
  • the low shock Wave pressure when employing hydrogen is,'f0r example, incapable of exciting resonance oscillations which will cause the undulatinng or corrugating phenomena observed particularly in thin metal sheets in the past with respect to air.
  • These resonance oscillations are actually enhanced by the fact that, due to the shock Wave in the gas between the metal plates preceding the plating process, there is first produced a pressure thrust from the inside and immediately thereafter a shock from the outside is triggered by the detonation.
  • the process according to the present invention may be employed in practice in a very simple and advantageous manner, for example, by enclosing the metal sheets to be plated and the explosive in a bag of synthetic material or the like; thereafter displacing the air present therein by purging with the gas intended to be used in connection with the process of the present invention. Therefore, no complicated and expensive structures are needed for enclosing the plates.
  • the plates may be sealed on one or more sides by means of adhesive strips or the like to seal off the interspace between the plates for the admission of the filling gas, which Will thereby displace the air; the filling gas may be supplied from the ignition side until the plating process has ended.
  • the side opposite from the ignition side may be partially sealed 01f to allow escape of the air being purged by the filling gas supplied from the ignition side, and to allow escape of the filling gas during the plating process.
  • a filling gas that has an acoustical velocity of at least twice and preferably three times the acoustical velocity of air under the same conditions, for example, under atmospheric conditions at sea level.
  • step of filling employs helium as the filling gas.
  • step of filling employs a gas having an acoustical velocity at least twice the acoustical velocity of air.
  • step of filling employs a gas having an acoustical velocity at least approximately three times the acoustical velocity of air.
  • step of filling employs helium as the filling gas.
  • step of filling employs hydrogen as the filling gas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
US738071A 1967-06-21 1968-06-18 Process for explosive surface bonding of metal parts Expired - Lifetime US3543382A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED0053386 1967-06-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3543382A true US3543382A (en) 1970-12-01

Family

ID=7054926

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US738071A Expired - Lifetime US3543382A (en) 1967-06-21 1968-06-18 Process for explosive surface bonding of metal parts

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3543382A (en:Method)
AT (1) AT276018B (en:Method)
BE (1) BE716693A (en:Method)
CH (1) CH477256A (en:Method)
CS (1) CS153014B2 (en:Method)
FR (1) FR1583918A (en:Method)
GB (1) GB1192517A (en:Method)
LU (1) LU56260A1 (en:Method)
NL (1) NL6807174A (en:Method)
SE (1) SE319954B (en:Method)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4811766A (en) * 1987-10-08 1989-03-14 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Explosively bonded expanded structure
WO2004073913A3 (en) * 2003-02-14 2004-12-23 Ball Burnishing Machine Tool L Method of explosive welding

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3194643A (en) * 1962-07-20 1965-07-13 Lukens Steel Co Clad metal product
US3377694A (en) * 1965-10-12 1968-04-16 Atomic Energy Commission Usa Explosion welding of incom-patible metals
US3434197A (en) * 1964-08-03 1969-03-25 Singer General Precision Explosive welding

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3194643A (en) * 1962-07-20 1965-07-13 Lukens Steel Co Clad metal product
US3434197A (en) * 1964-08-03 1969-03-25 Singer General Precision Explosive welding
US3377694A (en) * 1965-10-12 1968-04-16 Atomic Energy Commission Usa Explosion welding of incom-patible metals

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4811766A (en) * 1987-10-08 1989-03-14 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Explosively bonded expanded structure
WO2004073913A3 (en) * 2003-02-14 2004-12-23 Ball Burnishing Machine Tool L Method of explosive welding

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT276018B (de) 1969-11-10
DE1627735B2 (de) 1972-11-30
CH477256A (de) 1969-08-31
DE1627735A1 (de) 1970-05-06
LU56260A1 (en:Method) 1968-09-23
GB1192517A (en) 1970-05-20
CS153014B2 (en:Method) 1974-02-22
NL6807174A (en:Method) 1968-12-23
BE716693A (en:Method) 1968-12-02
SE319954B (en:Method) 1970-01-26
FR1583918A (en:Method) 1969-12-05

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