US3533729A - Process for dyeing polyvinyl chloride fibers - Google Patents

Process for dyeing polyvinyl chloride fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3533729A
US3533729A US632715A US3533729DA US3533729A US 3533729 A US3533729 A US 3533729A US 632715 A US632715 A US 632715A US 3533729D A US3533729D A US 3533729DA US 3533729 A US3533729 A US 3533729A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fibers
tow
polyvinyl chloride
dyebath
rollers
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Expired - Lifetime
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US632715A
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English (en)
Inventor
Corrado Mazzolini
Giorgio Cazzaro
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A C S A Applic Chimiche SpA
Acsa Applicazioni Chimiche Spa
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A C S A Applic Chimiche SpA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P7/00—Dyeing or printing processes combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06P7/005—Dyeing combined with texturising or drawing treatments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D01F6/08—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D01F6/10—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons from polyvinyl chloride or polyvinylidene chloride

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for dyeing continuously, uniformly and deeply, shaped articles such as fibers, filaments, films, etc. obtained from vinyl chloride and, more particularly, it relates to the dyeing of fibers or other shaped articles of polyvinyl chloride having a high syndiotactic index.
  • polyvinyl chloride with a high syndiotactic index comprises both the vinyl chloride homopolymers and its copolymers or mixtures of polymers with at least 85% by weight of vinyl chloride, having a syndiotactic index higher than 1.8 (the syndiotactic index being defined by the absorption ratio at the LR. bands D 635 and D 692 cmf as described by Fordham, Burleigh, and Sturm, J.A.C.S., vol. XLI, pages 7382, 1959).
  • the polyvinyl chloride with a high syndiotactic index may be transferred into fibers by dry or wet spinning and the fibers thus obtained present excellent chemical and physical properties and an excellent stability to heat and to dry cleaning.
  • said fibers being hydrophobic and considerably more crystalline than traditional fibers of polyvinyl chloride, it is difficult to make the dye penetrate into the fibers, if the process is not carried out under pressure.
  • the treatment with a solution or dispersion of at least one dyestutf may be carried out at any stage during the spinning process, but prior to any thermal drying treatment and in which the fibers are in such condition as to be abe to incorporate the dyestulf.
  • this treatment may be carried out during or after coagulation of the fiber, or after the fiber has been coagulated and washed or during or after stretching.
  • Such a treatment may be carried out during the spinning cycle or subsequently, on condition that said fibers have not been subjected to an intermediate thermal drying treatment.
  • the dyebath may be advantageously composed of an aqueous solution or dispersion of at least one dyestutf, and even nonaqueous solutions or dispersions may be used.
  • the temperature of the dyebath is not critical with re gard to the shade or the depth of the color which must be obtained.
  • one of the advantages of the present invention is that it is possible to obtain a uniform, deep and rapid dyeing by operating at room temperature.
  • the temperature turns out to be higher, since the stretching is carried out at a temperature ranging from 90 and C.
  • the concentration of the dyestuff in the dyebath depends both on the particular dyestuff used and on the shade and depth of the color which must be obtained.
  • such a concentration can vary from a very low concentration, 0.001% by weight up to a saturated solution of dyestutf and also up to the impregnation of the fiber with the dyestuff.
  • the concentration of the dyebath is kept constantly at the desired value by adding, in a suitable way, a solution or a dispersion of the dyestuff at a concentration such as to integrate the dyestufl removed by the fibers.
  • the time during which the fiber remains dipped in the dyebath is very short and such as not to slow down the spinning cycle. This time depends on the denier of the fibers and not on the number of the filaments composing the tow and generally it varies between some fractions of a second and some seconds, and preferably between 1 to seconds.
  • the fiber coming out of the dyebath are subjected to wringing.
  • the wringing of the fibers can be made in any suitable way. So, for example, the tow can be made to pass either through pressure rollers or through a narrow opening or on an acute angle under tension etc.
  • a pair of pressure rollers are used, where the pressure applied to the tow between the two rollers can be varied at will.
  • Such a thermal treatment is carried out at a temperature comprised between 100 C. and 220 C. and preferably between 130 C. and 170 C.
  • the fibers colored after the thermal treatment are washed with hot water or aqueous solutions of soap or of another detergent, preferably at boiling temperatures, in order to remove excess dyestuff not included into the fibers.
  • the fibers thus obtained may be subjected to further additional treatments, such as finishing, lubrication, etc. before being dried in air or inert gas at a temperature comprised between 100 C. and 200 C.
  • the dyed fibers thus obtained exhibit excellent physical properties besides the fact of being dyed in a deep and uniform way, both over their cross section and along their length.
  • the dyed bundle of filaments 6 is taken from the pressure rollers 7 regulating the quantity of dyestuff on the fibers, thus eliminating excess dyestuff.
  • the dyed bundle of filaments is subsequently heat treated by making it pass around a series of hot rollers 8.
  • the dyed and dried bundle of filaments thus obtained is thoroughly washed with boiling water which may also contain some detergent and which is subsequently subjected to possible further treatments commonly called finishing treatments, and finally dried.
  • EXAMPLE 1 2 kg. of polyvinyl chloride, having a syndiotactic index of 2 and an intrinsic viscosity (1;) of 1.3 dl./g., determined in cyclohexanone at 25 C., were dissolved at 145 C. in 8 kg. of cyclohexanone. The solution obtained was extruded through a spinneret of 500 holes, every hole having 0.125 mm. diameter, into a coagulation bath composed of water, alcohol and cyclohexanone.
  • the tow thus obtained was collected by a pair of rollers having a peripheral speed of 7 m./min.
  • the tow was then washed with boiling water and stretched about 700% by a second pair of rollers having a peripheral speed of 49 m./min.
  • the tow was taken up and wrung by the pair of rollers 7 and then subjected to a thermal treatment by making it pass around the rollers 8 maintained at 150 C.
  • the tow was washed with boiling water, then finished and finally dried.
  • a tow was thus obtained, having a total count of 1,250 deniers, dyed uniformly and deeply, according to the shades peculiar to the following dyestutf:
  • EXAMPLE 2 A tow of filaments of polyvinyl chloride with a high syndiotactic index, obtained according to Example 1, at the outlet of the coagulation bath, was collected by a pair of rollers having a peripheral velocity of 7 m./min.
  • the tow was then washed with boiling water and stretched about 300% by a second pair of rollers having a peripheral speed of 21 m./min.
  • the tow partially stretched, thus obtained, was dyed via dipping into a dyebath containing any one of the dyestuffs reported in Example 1, then it was thermally treated by passing the same over a series of rollers maintained at 160 C.
  • the dyed tow, thus obtained, was washed with boiling water, finished, dried and then subjected, in a continuous way, to a successive stretch of 20% by means of a pair of rollers having a peripheral speed of 42 m./rnin.
  • the tow, thus obtained, has a total count of 1,500 deniers and properties similar to the tow obtained according'to Example 1.
  • EXAMPLE 3 A tow of 50 filaments, obtained by dry spinning a solution of polyvinyl chloride having a high syndiotactic index in cyclohexanone, was wound on reels. 10 of these reels were placed on a creel and unwound at the speed of 10 m./min. by a pair of rollers, on which the 10 tow of filaments were gathered to form a single tow of 500 ends.
  • the tow was dyed by making it pass in a dyebath containing one of the dyestuffs reported in Example 1, then it was thermally treated at 150 C., washed with boiling water and finally dried.
  • a tow was thus obtained, having a total count of 1,250 deniers, dyed uniformly and deeply.
  • a process for rapidly, uniformly and deeply dyeing fibers obtained by wetor dry-spinning high syndiotactic vinyl chloride homopolymers, copolymers or mixtures of polymers containing at least by weight of vinyl chloride comprising dipping the said fibers into a dyebath containing at least one dyestuff, the clipping occuring subsequent to spinning but prior to any drying treatment of the said spun fibers, regulating the amount of dyestuff taken up by the said fibers, subjecting the thus colored fibers to a heat-treatment at a temperature between and about 220 C., and thereafter removing excess dyestuif.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US632715A 1966-05-06 1967-04-21 Process for dyeing polyvinyl chloride fibers Expired - Lifetime US3533729A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT1046166 1966-05-06

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US3533729A true US3533729A (en) 1970-10-13

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US632715A Expired - Lifetime US3533729A (en) 1966-05-06 1967-04-21 Process for dyeing polyvinyl chloride fibers

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US (1) US3533729A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH452788A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1183633A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6705585A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4591361A (en) * 1982-12-31 1986-05-27 Snia Fibre S.P.A. Method of producing acrylonitrile-base in-line dyed fibers using rapidly alternating dye solution cross flow
US4681594A (en) * 1985-03-26 1987-07-21 Rhovyl Process for disperse dyeing dry-spun atactic polyvinyl chloride-based filaments and fibres before drawing
US4681595A (en) * 1985-03-26 1987-07-21 Rhovyl Process for disperse dyeing dry-spun atactic polyvinyl chloride-based filaments and fibres after drawing the wet tow

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2489537A (en) * 1944-11-04 1949-11-29 Leon G Arpin Dyeing vinyl chloride fibers with basic dyes
US3104934A (en) * 1959-07-28 1963-09-24 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Polypyrrolidone treatment of polyacrylonitrile gel fibers and the product thereof
US3113827A (en) * 1962-12-20 1963-12-10 Dow Chemical Co Method for dyeing acrylonitrile polymer fibers
US3242243A (en) * 1962-04-04 1966-03-22 Monsanto Co Coloring of acrylonitrile polymer filaments

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2489537A (en) * 1944-11-04 1949-11-29 Leon G Arpin Dyeing vinyl chloride fibers with basic dyes
US3104934A (en) * 1959-07-28 1963-09-24 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Polypyrrolidone treatment of polyacrylonitrile gel fibers and the product thereof
US3242243A (en) * 1962-04-04 1966-03-22 Monsanto Co Coloring of acrylonitrile polymer filaments
US3113827A (en) * 1962-12-20 1963-12-10 Dow Chemical Co Method for dyeing acrylonitrile polymer fibers

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4591361A (en) * 1982-12-31 1986-05-27 Snia Fibre S.P.A. Method of producing acrylonitrile-base in-line dyed fibers using rapidly alternating dye solution cross flow
US4681594A (en) * 1985-03-26 1987-07-21 Rhovyl Process for disperse dyeing dry-spun atactic polyvinyl chloride-based filaments and fibres before drawing
US4681595A (en) * 1985-03-26 1987-07-21 Rhovyl Process for disperse dyeing dry-spun atactic polyvinyl chloride-based filaments and fibres after drawing the wet tow

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH452788A (de) 1968-03-15
GB1183633A (en) 1970-03-11
NL6705585A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1967-11-07

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