US3527555A - Breathing apparatus - Google Patents

Breathing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3527555A
US3527555A US652851A US3527555DA US3527555A US 3527555 A US3527555 A US 3527555A US 652851 A US652851 A US 652851A US 3527555D A US3527555D A US 3527555DA US 3527555 A US3527555 A US 3527555A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pressure
valve
gas
container
bag
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Expired - Lifetime
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US652851A
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter Schreiber
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
    • A61M16/0081—Bag or bellow in a bottle

Definitions

  • Anesthesia breathing apparatus in which a valve system connects the breathing bag to the lungs of the patient.
  • This valve system can, on one hand, be used to lead the exhaled air from the patient through a carbonic acid absorber as in a closed breathing system and/or to exhaust the exhaled air into the atmosphere as in an open breathing system.
  • the valve system is usually connected to an anesthetic gas supply and/ or fresh gas as well as to an adjustable excess pressure valve to set the maximum positive breathing pressure.
  • the breathing gas is enclosed in an airtight container while being in cornmunication with the patients lungs.
  • the expansion and collapsing of the bag alternately causes the patient to exhale or inhale.
  • the adding and/or removing of the gas to the container for the breathing bag is controlled by pneumatic reversing valves which, when a greater than or less than atmospheric pressure is reached within the container, reverses the ow of gas in the container from adding to removing, and vice versa.
  • the removal of gas from the container in creating a less than atmospheric pressure is usually done by using an injector.
  • the positive and negative pressures of the control valve are thus initially fixed and cannot be adjusted during the operation of the breathing apparatus.
  • the positive reversing pressure in a normally operating apparatus is reached when the bag is completely collapsed and the reversing pressure ⁇ builds up by the further addition of gas ilowing into the container.
  • the maximum pressure in the patients lungs therefor does not correspond to the reversing pressure of the control valve, that is the maximum pressure in the container, but to the adjusted pressure at the excess pressure valve of the valve system since the gas is owing from the breathing bag to the lungs of the patient only for so long a time until the opening pressure of this valve occurs.
  • Such apparatuses are provided with an adjustable stop for the breathing bag in the container.
  • the breathing bag expands until stopped by the stop.
  • the injector continues to remove the gas from the container until it reaches the negative reversing pressure.
  • the negative pressure in the lungs of the patient is dependent upon the volume of exhaled air which was received by the breathing bag during its expansion as well as by the amount of ICC fresh gas which has been added during this time through the fresh gas valve.
  • the negative pressure in the patients lungs is, just as in the case with the positive pressure, independent of the reversing pressure for the control valve.
  • the object of this invention is to avoid the disadvantages Of the heretofore used apparatuses.
  • Another object is to produce a breathing apparatus in which an exact adjustment can be made of the negative pressure.
  • the apparatus for breathing with anesthetics comprises a breathing bag housed in a container and which is alternately placed under greater than and less than atmospheric pressure and with a control apparatus for controlling the greater than or less than atmospheric pressure.
  • the control apparatus between the control apparatus and the container for the breathing bag, means is inserted for adjusting the pressure which blocks the flow of gas from the container to the control apparatus when a predetermined pressure has not been reached.
  • the breathing bag container is alternately supplied with gas and gas removed by means of a reversing device having one or two injectors.
  • a valve is provided between the container and reversing device which, when a Certain predetermined less than atmospheric pressure is not reached during the removal of gas from the container, will close the passageway between the container and the reversing device.
  • the injector in the reversing device can then only withdraw gas from the pipe line leading from the reversing device until the reversing pressure has been reached.
  • the negative pressure in the blocking valve does not go below the adjusted norm. This negative pressure rising in the container corresponds to the pressure rising in the bag and thus the pressure in the patients lungs.
  • This invention has the advantage that the neagtive pressure occurring in the patients lungs can be adjusted directly and is not dependent upon a change in the volume of breathing per minute and/ or by a change in the supply of fresh gas within a normally occurring range.
  • This invention has the further advantage in that no complicated apparatus is required for the adjusting and limiting of the expansion of the bag.
  • Anesthesia gas as, for example, laughing gas and oxygen, is supplied through pipe 1 to the valve system 2 containing the inhaling valve 2a, the exhaling valve 2b and the carbon dioxide absorber 2c.
  • Valve 2 furnishes communication between the patients lungs 3 and the breathing bag 4.
  • This bag 4 is housed in an airtight container 5.
  • Pipe 6 leads from the interior of the container to a reversing valve 7 by way of a gas pressure adjusting valve 8. If in the valve position shown in the drawing, gas is supplied to reversing valve 7 through injector nozzle 9 and mixing tube 10, then this compressed gas ows through valve 8, pipe 6 into container 5.
  • the exterior of the bag 4 is under this gas pressure and collapses so that the breathing gas plus the anesthesia gas in bag 4 is forced through valve 2 into the patients lungs.
  • An excess pressure valve 11 communicates with the line 2d extending between the valve 2b and the lter 2c.
  • Valve 11 contains an adjustable spring 12 for setting the valve opening pressure. When the adjusted pressure in valve 11 is reached in the patients lungs 3, then valve 11 opens and the gas coming from bag 4 is exhausted into the atmosphere. The pressure set in valve 11 does not exceed that for the patients lungs.
  • the tube now removes gas from chamber 13 as well as from valve 8, pipe 6 and container 5 and forces this gas through the Opening 10a into the atmosphere. This results in that bag 4 expands whereby gas is exhaled from lungs 3 into the bag 4.
  • a membrane 18 is mounted in valve 8, which membrane on one side communicates with pipe 6 and container 5 and on the other side is exposed to the atmospheric pressure.
  • membrane 18 On the side which is exposed to the gas pressure in container 5, the membrane is engaged by a spring 19 which is adjustable to more or less pressure by means of the threaded shaft 20. If, because of the neagtive pressure in tube 10, the pressure drops in valve 8, then membrane 18 seats against the valve seat 21 in valve 8. During this movement, membrane 18 must overcome the counter force 0f spring 19. When a certain less than atmospheric pressure previously set -by means of shaft 20 and spring 19 occurs, then membrane 18 seats against valve seat 21 and thus blocks the flow of gas between container 5 and reversing valve 7.
  • a breathing apparatus for giving anesthesia to a patient comprising a breathing bag, a container enclosing said bag, tube means joined to said bag for communication between the interior of said bag and apatient, compressed gas supply means, reversing valve means joining said supply means and said container for producing alternately greater than and less than atmospheric pressure in said container and on the exterior of said bag, and gas pressure adjusting valve means joined between said reversing valve means and said container for blocking the flow of gas between said reversing valve and said container until a predetermined pressure has been reached.
  • said gas pres- 25 sure adjusting valve means comprising a spring-loaded membrane valve having one side open to atmospheric pressure and the other side subject to the gas pressure in said container.
  • a breathing apparatus as in claim 2 further comprising means for adjusting the spring pressure in said spring-loaded membrane valve.
  • a breathing apparatus as in claim 3 said membrane valve having a membrane movably engageable with a valve seat for opening and closing said membrane valve.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
US652851A 1966-07-22 1967-07-12 Breathing apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3527555A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DED0050655 1966-07-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3527555A true US3527555A (en) 1970-09-08

Family

ID=7052816

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US652851A Expired - Lifetime US3527555A (en) 1966-07-22 1967-07-12 Breathing apparatus

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US (1) US3527555A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE1491691B1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1175714A (enrdf_load_html_response)
SE (1) SE315981B (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3757776A (en) * 1971-06-01 1973-09-11 J Baumann Ventilator for an anesthesia gas machine
US4014326A (en) * 1975-04-30 1977-03-29 Cameco Ab Respirator system
US4045835A (en) * 1976-08-30 1977-09-06 Under Sea Industries, Inc. Power deflator mechanism for scuba buoyancy vests
US20080236591A1 (en) * 2007-04-02 2008-10-02 Georges Boussignac Respiratory probe
CN103301543A (zh) * 2013-06-17 2013-09-18 广州医学院第一附属医院 一种氧气驱动雾化并相形成外源性呼气末正压的装置

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE8700977D0 (sv) * 1987-03-09 1987-03-09 Olof Werner Enhet som i olika grad separerar gasinnehallet i drivkrets och mottagarkrets, men som enda tillater gasgenomslepp i bada riktningarna (oppen separation)
FI92286C (fi) * 1992-02-21 1994-10-25 Instrumentarium Oy Laitteisto potilaalle hengitysjakson aikana toimitetun kaasutilavuuden säätämiseksi

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB729364A (en) * 1952-03-07 1955-05-04 Drager Otto H Improvements in or relating to apparatus for artificial respiration
US2766753A (en) * 1954-04-15 1956-10-16 Dragerwerk Fa Apparatus for artificial respiration, in particular for purposes of anesthesia
US3396725A (en) * 1964-01-17 1968-08-13 Drager Otto H Respirator with negative pressure limiting valve

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB729364A (en) * 1952-03-07 1955-05-04 Drager Otto H Improvements in or relating to apparatus for artificial respiration
US2766753A (en) * 1954-04-15 1956-10-16 Dragerwerk Fa Apparatus for artificial respiration, in particular for purposes of anesthesia
US3396725A (en) * 1964-01-17 1968-08-13 Drager Otto H Respirator with negative pressure limiting valve

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3757776A (en) * 1971-06-01 1973-09-11 J Baumann Ventilator for an anesthesia gas machine
US4014326A (en) * 1975-04-30 1977-03-29 Cameco Ab Respirator system
US4045835A (en) * 1976-08-30 1977-09-06 Under Sea Industries, Inc. Power deflator mechanism for scuba buoyancy vests
US20080236591A1 (en) * 2007-04-02 2008-10-02 Georges Boussignac Respiratory probe
US8678004B2 (en) * 2007-04-02 2014-03-25 Georges Boussignac Respiratory probe
CN103301543A (zh) * 2013-06-17 2013-09-18 广州医学院第一附属医院 一种氧气驱动雾化并相形成外源性呼气末正压的装置
CN103301543B (zh) * 2013-06-17 2015-12-09 广州医科大学附属第一医院 一种氧气驱动雾化并相形成外源性呼气末正压的装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1491691B1 (de) 1969-12-04
SE315981B (enrdf_load_html_response) 1969-10-13
GB1175714A (en) 1969-12-23

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