US3524549A

US3524549A - Magnetic separator

Info

Publication number: US3524549A
Application number: US739734A
Authority: US
Inventors: Ulrich Walter
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1967-06-30
Filing date: 1968-06-25
Publication date: 1970-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 1987-08-18
Also published as: NL7504625A; DE1261451B; FR1570288A; NL6809124A; AT293974B

Description

Aug. 18,1970

uwALTER MAGNETIC SE-PARATOR Filed M1625, 1968 INVENTOR ULRCHZ WALTER,

ms. mav.

United States Patent Oflice 3,524,549 Patented Aug. 18, 1970 Int. Cl. nom 35/06 US. Cl. 210-222 1 Claim ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A magnetic separator has a housing that forms a flow passage for flowable goods, and a magnet in the housing attracts magnetizable articles mixed with the goods, for the separation thereof; the magnet can be swung out of the housing, together with a supporting beam and sidei wall of the housing, to remove articles adhering to the magnet.

The invention relates to separators, and relates more particularly to separators for powdery, granular or liquid goods, to sepate therefrom magnetizable articles mixed in with the goods.

Existing separators for magnetizable articles form separate units, to which the flowable goods to be separated are piped from the main conduit in a subordinate conduit. This requires costly additional ducts and pipes which, in addition, are detrimental to an easy and non-turbulent flow. i

It is accordingly among the principal objects of the invention to provide a magnetic separator that avoids the aforesaid drawbacks of the prior art.

It is another object of the invention to provide a magnetic separator that forms a passage in the feed pipe in which the flow is conveyed, and thus receives directly the flowable goods for separating them.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a magnetic separator that includes a housing with a receiving nipple and a discharge nipple adapted to be connected to the feed pipe for the flow, to form a passage for the fiow, to receive from the feed pipe, and to discharge into the feed pipe the flow.

It is still another object of the invention to provide a magnetic separator that "is built directly into the feed pipe, and does not form a part merely of a side arm of the feed pipe.

It is still a further object of the invention to thrust the flow as it comes from the feed pipe into the magnetic separator, to subject it to the action of the magnet in the magnetic separator, and thereafter to continue the flow of the cleaned goods in the feed pipe.

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the *following specification and in part will be obvious therefrom without being specifically referred to, the same being realized and attained as pointed out in the claims hereof.

Generally speaking, the instant invention provides for a cylindrical hollow housing that includes a receiving nipple and a tapered discharge nipple to be connected to the feed pipe thereby to form a passage for the flow, and the housing includes a movable wall portion that can be swung in and out and supports a beam which, in turn, supports a magnet core; the magnet core thus may be swung in and out with the movable wall portion and its supporting beam, so that the magnet will be. movable between its active position to attract articles from the goods and its inactive position where articles adhering to the magnet may be removed. In accordance with a feature of the invention, the magnet core will be mounted on the beam in such a fashion that it is rotatable about its own vertical axis; by this arrangement, all the parts of the magnet core are easily accessible, for the removal of articles adhering to the magnet core.

- In accordance with another feature, the magnet core is composed of a series of adjoining cylindrical magnets coii'centrically arranged along the longitudinal axis of the magnet core.

To'distribute the incoming flowing goods better towards the' 'a'ctive parts of the magnet core, the magnet core is provided near the receiving end in the housing for the godds with a conical cap that forms with the longitudinal axis of the magnet core an angle of about 45.

11 wall portion of the housing for the magnet core c rr es a beam that supports the magnet core, and is hinged to the remaining wall of the cylindrical housing. The-movable wall portion carries near its outer end a roll,-'and the housing supports a guide which, in turn, supports the roll in the open position of the movable wall: portion. Small sheet metal deflectors are arranged inside the housing, and are offset from each other, and seiiyie to convey the goods towards the magnet core.

F ona fuller understandingvof the nature and objects of, the invention, reference should be had to the following detailed description, taken in connection with accompanying',drawings, in which the single view is a front elevatiorial view of a magnetic separator in accordance with thefiinvention. I

. The separator comprises a cylindrical body or housing L't'hat is composed of non-magneticgfor instance stainless, steel sheet. An inlet nipple 9 is provided near the entrance side (the top in the drawing) of the housing 1, and its diameter matches that of the feed pipe (not shown) forthe conveyed flowable goods, such as powdery or floury, granular or liquid goods. The inlet nipple 9 commiiilicates interiorly with the housing 1. The housing 1, furthermore, is provided with an outlet nipple 2 of conical shape, the smaller diameter of which matches that of tlie" aforesaid feed pipe. The inlet nipple 9 and the outlet nipple '2 are formed about the same central axis which coincides with the axis of the aforesaid feed pipe (not shown), so that the flowable material will be conveyed directly, in a straight flow, into the interior of the housing'jf 1, for separation within the housing 1, of magnetizabli articles that may be mixed in 'the mass of the flowable goods. 7

A wall portion 3 of the housing 1 is hinged to the rerfiiainder of the housing 1, and may be swung in and out aboi'it a hinge axis that is parallel tothe central axis of the-cylinder shape of the housing 1. The movable wall portion 3 can be swung between a normal closed position andj an open position, and in the latter it uncovers a corresponding opening in the wall of the housing 1. The wall portion 3 carries at a point near the outlet nipple 2 a beam 4 that, in turn, supports a magnet core 5. In the closed position of the wall portion 3, the beam 4 supports the :magnet core 5 concentrically with the cylinder axis of the housing 1. The magnet core 5 in the closed position of :the wall portion 3 is disposed in its active position forj inagnetic separation. It may be swung out with the wall portion 3 and the beam 4 to an inactive position that is spaced from the aforesaid active position, and in which the magnet core 5 may be disposed outside the intirior of the housing 1, for removal of articles adhering to magnet core 5.

Near the end opposite to the beam 4, the magnet core 5 carries a conical cap 7, that forms with the longitudinal axis of the magnet core 5 an angle of about 45.

Plastic insulator plates shield the magnet cores from each other, as well as from the conical cap 7 and the beam 4. This shielding assures that the magnetic field will not radiate, and that instead of the entire magnetic force will be applied to the separation of magnetizable articles from the flowing goods.

In the inactive position, the magnet core is easily accessible for removing therefrom articles and foreign bodies adhering to the magnet core 5. Furthermore, the magnet core 5 is rotatable about its longitudinal axis, so that all parts of the magnet core 5 will be easily accessible for cleaning.

The magnet core 5 has substantially the same diameter as the aforementioned diameters of the inlet nipple 9 and outlet nipple 2. The magnet core 5 is composed of several magnet units or magnet cores that are separated from each other by the aforesaid plastic shielding plates; in accordance with a modification (not shown), several of these units may be arranged behind each other. The aforesaid cap 7 is arranged near the entrance opening of the hous- ,4, a; sheet metal deflectors 8 and the cap 7 towards the body of the magnet core 5, so that magnetizable articles or particles'inixed with the mass of flowable goods will ing 1, so as to avoid any clogging of the material at the receiving end of the magnet core 5. n

The arrangement of the magnet core 5 in cylindrical form has the advantage to provide a large active magnetic attraction and adhering surface. The individual magnets or magnet cores have their upper and lower annular end portions 6 of enlarged diameter. This enlargement ,has the advantage to provide a stepped surface for the easier adherence thereto of small magnetizable spheres and other magnetizable small particles.

The successive pole zones have opposite polarity, ,as shown in the view, and together they provide a uniform magnetic field around the entire surface of the magnet core 5.

The free passing space between the magnet core f5 and the inner surface of the housing 1 is adjusted to the aforesaid diameter of the inlet nipple 9. I

Inside the housing 1, there are provided around. the entire circumference, small inclined sheet metal deflectors 8, that are off-set from each other, that guide the goods towards the magnet core 5. Where the arrangement 'is in an upright manner, as shown by way of exemplific'ation in the drawing, the goods, under influence of gravity, may

be urged to proceed in free fall between the inlet nipple 9 and the outlet nipple 2, and the sheet metal deflectors 8 aid in the magnetic separation from the goods of the magnetizable articles. The movable wall portion 3 mounts near its outer side (the lower side, FIG. 1) a supporting roll 10 that is arranged to roll up on a guide rail 11 that is formed on the housing 1, when the wall portion 3 is swung from the closed to the open position, to support the outer part of the wall portion 3 in the open position, and thus to relieve the hinge with which the wall portion 3 is pivoted to the housing 1. p "I In operation, the wall portion 3 will be swung'tq the closed position, and' by'rneans ofthe bolts-and nuts" 12 besecured on the housing 1'. The goods entering" through the inlet nipple 9 'will bedist'ribut'ed with the 'aidb the adhere to the magnet core 5. After this separation, the thus cleansed goods proceed back into the feed pipe through the outlet nipple 2.

From time to time, the movable wall portion 3 will be swung about the hinge to the open position in which the roll 10 ofthe wall portion 3 will be supported by the guide rail ll. In this open position of the wall portion 3, the magnet core 5 will be in its inactive position, in which it can be cleaned, to removed the articles adhering to the magnetcore 5. The magnet core 5 may be turned about its elongated axis, for better accessibility to provide for a complete removal of magnetizable articles and particles adhering to the magnet core 5.

I v The individual magnet units or magnets may be permarient magnets.

I 'wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and de-v scribed, for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art. p Having" thus described the invention, What I clairnas new and desire to be secured by Letters Patent, is as follows:

1. Ina magnetic separator, for use in separating'mag netizable particles. from floury, powdery, granular or liquid goods conveyed in a'downward flow in a feed pipe, in combination, a cylindrical hollow housing including an inlet'nipple and a tapered outlet nipple and being adapted to be connected to said feed pipe thereby forming a pas sage-for said flow, said housing including a wall portion movable between closed and open stations, a support supported by said wall portion and heing'movable therewith, and a magnet core supported by said support and being movable with said support and wall portion, said magnet core having a cylindrical form the axis of which coincides essentially with the downward flow of said goods, and 'said magnet core being composed of a series of axially aligned cylindrical magnets, each of said magnets having opposite annular end portions of enlarged diameter as compared to the remainder of each magnet, said magnet core bein g rotatable about its axis. r

, n References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS H 8/1952 Anders 2l0 222 2,607,492 2,781,128 2/1957 Stem 209' 223 3,325,009 5/19 1 .Botstiber et a1. 210-223 x THEODORE: A. GRANGER, Assistant Examiner,