US3520076A - Blade arrangement for earthmoving equipment - Google Patents

Blade arrangement for earthmoving equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
US3520076A
US3520076A US651245A US3520076DA US3520076A US 3520076 A US3520076 A US 3520076A US 651245 A US651245 A US 651245A US 3520076D A US3520076D A US 3520076DA US 3520076 A US3520076 A US 3520076A
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United States
Prior art keywords
blade
support
scraper
router bit
earth
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US651245A
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English (en)
Inventor
Irvin H Nichols
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IRVIN H NICHOLS
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IRVIN H NICHOLS
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Application filed by IRVIN H NICHOLS filed Critical IRVIN H NICHOLS
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3520076A publication Critical patent/US3520076A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
    • E02F9/2808—Teeth
    • E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
    • E02F9/2833—Retaining means, e.g. pins
    • E02F9/2841—Retaining means, e.g. pins resilient

Definitions

  • An earth-engaging blade arrangement including a member having a portion to engage the earth and a plurality of portions projecting from one edge thereof for receipt in recesses in a supporting member and held by drive pins, said projecting portions tapering in thickness outwardly from said edge, the earth-engaging surface of the blade projecting laterally outwardly of the surface of the supporting member.
  • This invention relates to blade devices for earthmoving equipment.
  • the earth-engaging elements such as blades, teeth, router bits or the like
  • the earth-engaging elements are made as removable elements in order that they may be replaced after they have been worn.
  • frequent blade replacement is required, resulting in downtime of the equipment and expensive labor costs in the removal and installation operations.
  • Securing the earthengaging elements by bolts is unsatisfactory in that installing and removing these elements then becomes particularly time-consuming and costly. Not only is it laborious to attach the bolts, but generally they cannot be loosened but must be cut off after a period of service.
  • scrapers which conventionally include a transverse blade in the unit, adjacent either end of which is positioned a router bit.
  • the latter elements are vertically positioned and provide a smooth cut of the earth at the ends of the area engaged by the blade. This materially reduces the wear at the side portions of the scraper.
  • the present invention provides an arrangement for removable earth-engaging elements avoiding the difi'iculties outlined above.
  • Blades of various types constructed in accordance with this invention are readily installed and removed, yet the danger of wearing the supporting device is avoided.
  • the blade element is provided with a wedge-shaped projecting portion which extends into a recess in the supporting member carried by the earthmoving equipment.
  • no recessed portion is included in the blade, and the support is remote from the part of the blade that contacts the earth. Consequently, it is possible to wear the blade completely without danger of damage to the supporting member.
  • the surface of the supporting member is displaced laterally inwardly of the surface of the member that engages the earth. This means that, as the earth passes back to the area of the supporting member, the pressure is relieved and looser material contacts the support. This further minimizes the possibility of wear of the support member.
  • a rib is included along the bit surface.
  • the rib is positioned closely adjacent the edge of the scraper blade, so that the rib and blade effectively back up the router bit and provide it with lateral sup port. Inward loads on the router bit, therefore, do not damage either the bit or the sidewall of the scraper.
  • the rib is inclined, so that engagement with the blade edge will be assured, regardless of the make of scraper and variations in blade positioning. Ribs may be provided on both sides of the router bit, so that they are usable at either end of the scraper blade, and it is unnecessary to provide right-and left-hand parts.
  • An object of this invention is to provide an improved arrangement for removable earthengaging elements of earthmoving equipment.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an earthengaging device with a greater cacapity for wear.
  • Yet another object of this invention is to provide an earth-engaging blade device that is easily and rapidly installed and removed.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a blade, bit or the like where the possibility of wear of the supporting device is minimal.
  • An additional object of this invention is to provide full lateral support for a router bit or the like to protect the bit and equipment with which it is associated from damage.
  • a still further object of this invention is to provide a router bit or the like which is usable on either side of a scraper or other item of earthmoving equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary perspectice view of a scraper incorporating the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarger fragmentary elevational view of the lower forward corner portion of the scraper
  • FIG. 3 is a transverse sectional view taken along line 33 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the router bit, adapter support and drive pins.
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line 55 of FIG. 1 showing the attachment of the blade.
  • the arrangement of this invention is used in conjunction with a scraper of otherwise conventional construction.
  • the scraper includes spaced sidewalls 11 and 12 extending vertically from the opposite edges of a bottom wall 13, thereby defining the bowl for receiving earth as the scraper is in operation.
  • Extending transversely of the machine at the forward edge of the bottom wall 13 is a blade assembly 15.
  • a router bit assembly 16 is located at the forward corner of each of the sidewalls 11 and 12.
  • Each router bit assembly 16 includes an adapter support 18 and a generally flat router bit or blade 19.
  • the recesses 20 and 21 are substantially wedge-shaped tapering inwardly from their larger open ends 24 and 25 to their inner edges 26 and 27. There is also some inward convergence of the side edges of the recesses 20 and 21.
  • a strengthening web 28 is interposed between the recesses 20 and 21. When assembled, the projections 22 and 23 are substantially complementarily received in the recesses 20 and 21.
  • Openings 29 and 30 are provided transversely in the adapter, extending across the recesses 20 and 21. Similar openings 31 and 32 are included in the projections 22 and 23 of the router bit 19.
  • drive pins 33 are extended through the openings in the adapter and the router bit to hold the router bit to the adapter.
  • the drive pins 33 are compressible transversely, each including rigid elongated portions 35 and 36 of steel interconnected by a core 37 of rubber. When the drive pins are extended through the openings, the resilient layers 37 are compressed, and the drive pins fit snugly within the openings, firmly holding the parts in the assembled relationship.
  • lands 38 and 39 Extending the length of the router bit 19 along both sides at the top portion adjacent the projections 22 and 23 are lands 38 and 39. These are connected through convergent walls 40 and 41 to the principal surfaces 42 and 43 of the router bit.
  • the forward edge 44 of the router bit inclines downwardly and toward the rear, or to the right as the device is shown, while the rearward edge 45 is substantially vertical.
  • the bottom edge 46 extends substantially horizontally between the lower extremities of the forward and rearward edges 44 and 45.
  • ribs 47 and 48 are ribs 47 and 48. These ribs extend from the lands 38 and 39 to chamfered edges 49 and 50 that interconnect the bottom edge 46 of the router bit.
  • the ribs 47 and 48 are inclined downwardly and to the rear, or to the right as the device is shown.
  • the ribs include outer surfaces 51 and 52, which 4 are parallel and spaced apart the same distance as that between the lands 38 and 39.
  • the side edges of the ribs 47 and 48 are divergent laterally from the outer edges 51 and 52 to the lines of joinder with the principal surfaces 42 and 43.
  • the blade assembly 15 is made up of a plurality of individual blade elements 54, which incline forwardly and downwardly from the bottom wall 13 of the scraper bowl.
  • the router bits 19 are attached to their support adapters 18, they are located alongside the end edges of the outermost blades 54 of the blade assembly 15.
  • the inside rib of each router bit becomes positioned almost in contact with the adjacent blade edge.
  • the surface 52 of the rib 48 nearly touches the outer end edge 55 of the adjacent scraper blade element 54. Because the rib 48 inclines downwardly and to the rear, while the blade unit 54 inclines downwardly and forwardly, the rib and blade cross, so that it is assured that some portion of the rib will overlap the end edge 55 of the blade.
  • the router bit 19 on the opposite side of the scraper also is supported against laterally inward forces and will not become broken nor permit the sidewall of the scraper to become bent.
  • the other router bit 19, however, is supported on its rib 47, which on that side of the scraper is located adjacent the end of the blade assembly. The rib 47 crosses over the blade, so that engagement is assured.
  • the router bit becomes usable on either side of the scraper. It is not necessary to provide special rightand left-hand router bits because of this.
  • single reinforcing ribs may be provided while sacrificing the advantage of interchangeability at the two sides of the machine.
  • the rearward inclination given to the ribs 47 and 48 assures that they will be in juxtaposition with the blades of different makes of scrapers. There is some variation in the positioning of the blades on different scraper constructions, but, by having a rearward inclination, in all instances the rib will be adjacent the blade and will transmit inward forces from the router bit to the blade.
  • the lands 38 and 39 on the router bit 19 are spaced apart a greater distance than that between the opposite surfaces 57 and 58 of the support 18. This means that, when the router bit is installed, the land on the inner side projects inwardly beyond the surface of the support. As seen in FIG. 3, the land 39 projects inwardly beyond the surface 58 of the adjacent support 18, while on the opposite side of the scraper the land 38 extends inwardly beyond the surface of the support. This is to relieve the pressure against the inner surface of the support 18 as the scraper is in use. The land 39 deflects the earth away from the surface 58 and relieves the pressure above the router bit, so that any earth that moves alongside the support will be looser. This minimizes the wear on the support 18. The surface 58 of the support is hardened to further reduce the likelihood of wearing of the support element.
  • the entire lower blade portion of the router bit 19 may be worn away before it is necessary to replace this element. No damage to the support 18 will occur, as the support is not associated with any of the exposed portion of the router bit. Therefore, no matter how severely the outer portions of the router bit are worn, there will be no effect upon the support.
  • the individual blade elements 54 of the scraper are secured to the machine in an arrangement similar to that for the router bits.
  • the pins 65 may be similar to the pins 33 described above. With this construction, therefore, the blade elements 54 may be worn completely without risk of damaging the support 60.
  • the support 60 is entirely beyond the outer section of the blade so that, no matter how much of the blade is worn away, there will be no effect upon the support.
  • the parts are proportioned so that the upper surface 66 of the blade 54 projects laterally above the upper surface 67 of the support. This relieves the pressure by the earth against the supporting element to minimize any tendency to wear the support. Thus, the compaction of the earth is relieved as it passes from the surface 66 to the lower surface 67 so that the earth is looser and provides less wearing force as it moves inwardly into the scraper body.
  • the surface 67 preferably is hardened to further reduce the wear of this element.
  • Blade removal and installation is a simple operation involving merely the driving out of the pins 65 and removal of the blade extensions from the recesses 61, followed by the introduction of a new blade and replacement of the drive pin. Again, therefore, little time is lost in the removal and replacement of the earth-engaging element.
  • This type of supporting arrangement may be used for other blades or the like and is not restricted to scrapers.
  • the supporting member should have at least two recesses for the receipt of projecting portions from the blade element, with larger blades usually employing three. This increases the strength of the unit by resulting in transverse web portions between the adjacent recesses. These prevent the recessed support from being opened up and distorted outwardly as would occur from the use of a single large elongated recess.
  • An earth-cutting device comprising:
  • said member having a support portion adjacent the first of said outer edges, and a blade portion adjacent the second of said outer edges,
  • said support portion having an inner part of relatively large thickness and being of relatively smaller thickness at said first outer edge
  • said support portion tapers from said inner part toward said first outer edge and is of a generally wedge-shape, said member having a first pair of elongated enlargements providing ribs extending longitudinally of said member adjacent said inner part of said support portion and intermediate said blade portion and said support portion,
  • said member having a second pair of elongated enlargements
  • said second elongated enlargements connecting to said first elongated enlargements at an acute angle and extending across said blade portion to said second outer edge of said member.
  • said second elongated enlargements connect to said first elongated enlargements intermediate the ends of said first elongated enlargements
  • said second elongated enlargements extend to said second outer edge intermediate the ends of said second outer edge.
  • a device as recited in claim 2 in which said blade portion has opposite ends, said blade portion being substantially of no greater thickness at said opposite ends than it is inwardly of said opposite ends.
  • each of said first elongated enlargements includes a side surface inclined toward said second outer edge, said side surfaces of said first pair of elongated enlargements being thereby convergent toward said second outer edge.
  • a router bit arrangement for said item of earthmoving equipment comprising:
  • each of said members having opposite longitudinal edges and opposite principal surfaces, each of said members having:
  • each of said members including:
  • said ribs being in opposite alignment with each other and extending in adjacency and below the lower edge of the adjacent one of said sidewalls
  • said second enlargements extending from said first enlargements to the second of said outer edges, and being inclined in the opposite direction from the inclination of said end surfaces so that said second enlargements cross said end surfaces, one of said second enlargements of each of said members facing and being in juxtaposition with one of said end surfaces for providing support for said member against laterally inwardly directed forces.
  • a device as recited in claim 5 in which said second enlargements connect to said first enlargements intermediate the ends of said first enlargements, and extend to said second outer edge intermediate the ends of said second outer edge.
  • a device as recited in claim 6 in which said support portion tapers in thickness from a relatively thick portion adjacent said first elongated members to a relatively thin portion at said first outer edge, whereby said support portion is generally wedge-shaped, said sidewalls including means defining a recess generally complementarily receiving said support portion, said support portion and said means defining a recess including apertures therethrough, and including pin means extending through said apertures for providing said means for attaching said support portion to said sidewall.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
US651245A 1967-07-05 1967-07-05 Blade arrangement for earthmoving equipment Expired - Lifetime US3520076A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US65124567A 1967-07-05 1967-07-05

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US (1) US3520076A (en:Method)
BE (1) BE717553A (en:Method)
GB (1) GB1207585A (en:Method)

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3736664A (en) * 1971-10-12 1973-06-05 Caterpillar Tractor Co Replaceable pinned-on cutting edge
US3791054A (en) * 1972-06-15 1974-02-12 Great Canadian Oil Sands Lip construction for bucketwheel excavators
US3792735A (en) * 1973-03-26 1974-02-19 Caterpillar Tractor Co Ripper tip with shin guard confined retaining pin
US3879867A (en) * 1968-12-04 1975-04-29 Bofors Ab Fastening means for retaining a digger tooth in a socket
US4047312A (en) * 1976-09-08 1977-09-13 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Corner tooth assembly
US4055223A (en) * 1975-03-31 1977-10-25 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Corner tooth assembly for an earthmoving implement having a hollow rearward portion
FR2370831A1 (fr) * 1976-11-12 1978-06-09 Mantovani Tomaso Support de dent pour bennes ou accessoires analogues d'engins de terrassement
WO1980001927A1 (en) * 1979-03-05 1980-09-18 Merkel R Router bit
US4238896A (en) * 1979-08-24 1980-12-16 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Cutting edge assembly for a loader bucket
US4249326A (en) * 1979-03-05 1981-02-10 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Router bit
US4501079A (en) * 1983-08-24 1985-02-26 Esco Corporation Two piece cutting edge construction
US4550513A (en) * 1980-12-19 1985-11-05 Industrial Parts Depot Replaceable wear-edge router bit
US4625439A (en) * 1983-07-26 1986-12-02 Ab Bofors Wear Parts Excavating tooth retaining means
US4748754A (en) * 1986-04-05 1988-06-07 O&K Orenstein & Koppel Aktiengesellschaft Shovel for an excavator
US4753299A (en) * 1986-05-02 1988-06-28 Meyers Thomas A Grader blade assembly and pick therefor
US5074062A (en) * 1990-09-10 1991-12-24 Esco Corporation Method of replacing a worn excavating tooth point
US5152088A (en) * 1990-09-10 1992-10-06 Esco Corporation Excavating tooth point and method of replacement
US5233770A (en) * 1991-12-16 1993-08-10 Gh Hensley Industries, Inc. Locking pin apparatus
US5361520A (en) * 1991-12-16 1994-11-08 Gh Hensley Industries, Inc. Locking pin apparatus
US5491915A (en) * 1991-12-16 1996-02-20 Robinson; Howard W. Locking pin apparatus
US5813474A (en) * 1996-05-24 1998-09-29 Kennametal Inc. Plow blade
US6460276B1 (en) * 1996-09-18 2002-10-08 3786111 Canada Inc. Excavation bucket incorporating an impact actuator assembly
US6574891B1 (en) * 1998-03-10 2003-06-10 3786111 Canada Inc. Excavation bucket incorporating an impact actuator assembly
US20040177534A1 (en) * 2003-03-11 2004-09-16 Jones Jayson D. Plow cutting edge
US20060026870A1 (en) * 2004-08-06 2006-02-09 Kevin Karhi Plow moldboard assembly having multiple ground engaging blades
US20180142447A1 (en) * 2016-11-18 2018-05-24 Harnischfeger Technologies, Inc. Modular ground engagement tooling system
US11078643B1 (en) * 2020-03-26 2021-08-03 David Dollar Malleable excavation attachment device
US20210324601A1 (en) * 2020-03-26 2021-10-21 David Dollar Malleable excavation attachment device

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1776676A (en) * 1928-08-29 1930-09-23 Kensington Steel Company Dipper tooth
US1777222A (en) * 1929-01-12 1930-09-30 Edward E Pierce Socket tooth for excavating buckets
US1918841A (en) * 1932-11-04 1933-07-18 Finkl & Sons Co Dipper tooth
US2702490A (en) * 1946-08-21 1955-02-22 Ernie L Launder Resilient retainer pin
US2831275A (en) * 1955-10-17 1958-04-22 Caterpillar Tractor Co Reversible bit for scraper bowl edges
US2919506A (en) * 1958-04-21 1960-01-05 Electric Steel Foundry Co Excavating tooth and base support therefor
US3032901A (en) * 1960-03-25 1962-05-08 Electric Steel Foundry Co Scraper bit
US3160967A (en) * 1963-09-10 1964-12-15 Irvin H Nichols Removable blade arrangment with recesses therein for receiving support projections
US3277592A (en) * 1963-09-17 1966-10-11 Richard L Launder Reinforced replaceable tooth for digging machines

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1776676A (en) * 1928-08-29 1930-09-23 Kensington Steel Company Dipper tooth
US1777222A (en) * 1929-01-12 1930-09-30 Edward E Pierce Socket tooth for excavating buckets
US1918841A (en) * 1932-11-04 1933-07-18 Finkl & Sons Co Dipper tooth
US2702490A (en) * 1946-08-21 1955-02-22 Ernie L Launder Resilient retainer pin
US2831275A (en) * 1955-10-17 1958-04-22 Caterpillar Tractor Co Reversible bit for scraper bowl edges
US2919506A (en) * 1958-04-21 1960-01-05 Electric Steel Foundry Co Excavating tooth and base support therefor
US3032901A (en) * 1960-03-25 1962-05-08 Electric Steel Foundry Co Scraper bit
US3160967A (en) * 1963-09-10 1964-12-15 Irvin H Nichols Removable blade arrangment with recesses therein for receiving support projections
US3277592A (en) * 1963-09-17 1966-10-11 Richard L Launder Reinforced replaceable tooth for digging machines

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3879867A (en) * 1968-12-04 1975-04-29 Bofors Ab Fastening means for retaining a digger tooth in a socket
US3736664A (en) * 1971-10-12 1973-06-05 Caterpillar Tractor Co Replaceable pinned-on cutting edge
US3791054A (en) * 1972-06-15 1974-02-12 Great Canadian Oil Sands Lip construction for bucketwheel excavators
US3792735A (en) * 1973-03-26 1974-02-19 Caterpillar Tractor Co Ripper tip with shin guard confined retaining pin
US4055223A (en) * 1975-03-31 1977-10-25 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Corner tooth assembly for an earthmoving implement having a hollow rearward portion
US4047312A (en) * 1976-09-08 1977-09-13 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Corner tooth assembly
FR2370831A1 (fr) * 1976-11-12 1978-06-09 Mantovani Tomaso Support de dent pour bennes ou accessoires analogues d'engins de terrassement
WO1980001927A1 (en) * 1979-03-05 1980-09-18 Merkel R Router bit
US4249326A (en) * 1979-03-05 1981-02-10 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Router bit
US4238896A (en) * 1979-08-24 1980-12-16 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Cutting edge assembly for a loader bucket
US4550513A (en) * 1980-12-19 1985-11-05 Industrial Parts Depot Replaceable wear-edge router bit
US4625439A (en) * 1983-07-26 1986-12-02 Ab Bofors Wear Parts Excavating tooth retaining means
US4501079A (en) * 1983-08-24 1985-02-26 Esco Corporation Two piece cutting edge construction
US4748754A (en) * 1986-04-05 1988-06-07 O&K Orenstein & Koppel Aktiengesellschaft Shovel for an excavator
US4753299A (en) * 1986-05-02 1988-06-28 Meyers Thomas A Grader blade assembly and pick therefor
US5152088A (en) * 1990-09-10 1992-10-06 Esco Corporation Excavating tooth point and method of replacement
US5074062A (en) * 1990-09-10 1991-12-24 Esco Corporation Method of replacing a worn excavating tooth point
US5233770A (en) * 1991-12-16 1993-08-10 Gh Hensley Industries, Inc. Locking pin apparatus
US5361520A (en) * 1991-12-16 1994-11-08 Gh Hensley Industries, Inc. Locking pin apparatus
US5491915A (en) * 1991-12-16 1996-02-20 Robinson; Howard W. Locking pin apparatus
US5813474A (en) * 1996-05-24 1998-09-29 Kennametal Inc. Plow blade
US6460276B1 (en) * 1996-09-18 2002-10-08 3786111 Canada Inc. Excavation bucket incorporating an impact actuator assembly
US6574891B1 (en) * 1998-03-10 2003-06-10 3786111 Canada Inc. Excavation bucket incorporating an impact actuator assembly
US6922924B2 (en) 2003-03-11 2005-08-02 Burke Truck & Equipment, Inc. Plow cutting edge
US20040177534A1 (en) * 2003-03-11 2004-09-16 Jones Jayson D. Plow cutting edge
US20060026870A1 (en) * 2004-08-06 2006-02-09 Kevin Karhi Plow moldboard assembly having multiple ground engaging blades
US7159344B2 (en) * 2004-08-06 2007-01-09 Inverta Corp. Plow moldboard assembly having multiple ground engaging blades
US20180142447A1 (en) * 2016-11-18 2018-05-24 Harnischfeger Technologies, Inc. Modular ground engagement tooling system
US11396739B2 (en) * 2016-11-18 2022-07-26 Joy Global Surface Mining Inc Modular ground engagement tooling system
US12286771B2 (en) 2016-11-18 2025-04-29 Joy Global Surface Mining Inc Modular ground engagement tooling system
US11078643B1 (en) * 2020-03-26 2021-08-03 David Dollar Malleable excavation attachment device
US20210324601A1 (en) * 2020-03-26 2021-10-21 David Dollar Malleable excavation attachment device
US12203237B2 (en) * 2020-03-26 2025-01-21 David Dollar Malleable excavation attachment device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE717553A (en:Method) 1968-12-16
GB1207585A (en) 1970-10-07

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