US3514372A - Headbox method and means for blending of multiple jets - Google Patents

Headbox method and means for blending of multiple jets Download PDF

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Publication number
US3514372A
US3514372A US597738A US3514372DA US3514372A US 3514372 A US3514372 A US 3514372A US 597738 A US597738 A US 597738A US 3514372D A US3514372D A US 3514372DA US 3514372 A US3514372 A US 3514372A
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United States
Prior art keywords
flow
stock
cross
diffuser
slice
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US597738A
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English (en)
Inventor
William B Boyce
Jerome P Brezinski
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Beloit Corp
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Beloit Corp
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/02—Head boxes of Fourdrinier machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/02—Head boxes of Fourdrinier machines
    • D21F1/026—Details of the turbulence section

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the handling of fluid slurries, and more particularly, to the maintenance of desired fiber dispersions in stock slurries such as papermaking and the like.
  • the present invention is directed to a method and means for controlling the mixing or blending of multiple jets so that undesirable flow patterns such as vortexes do not develop in the fluid.
  • one of the primary objects of the present invention is to provide means for blending a plurality of stock jets in such a manner so as to substantially eliminate eddy currents or cross currents within the flow box of high production papermaking' machines.
  • Another important object of the present invention is to provide an improved method and apparatus for effecting the desired distribution of fibrous material in a liquid vehicle, such as the fibers in a papermaking stock or slurry, by use of a stock flow controlled method and means which include at least one sequence or bank or devices which effeet a high entrance loss, minimum velocity head gradient or variation in the downstream flow, and a high percentage opening area at the exit side so as to obtain stable flow through the slice.
  • a feature of the present invention is the use of a flow element which is positioned downstream of a plurality of stock diffuser nozzles, and which flow element provides uniform blending of jet streams when they coalesce.
  • fibrous material in liquid suspension is delivered to a flow box or pre-slice chamber, and thereafter through a slice onto a forming wire.
  • a distributor is positioned within the pre-slice chamber to distribute the stock to a plurality of diffuser nozzles or other flow resistance devices.
  • the distributor is so arranged as to provide substantially the same pressure at the entrance of each diffuser nozzle.
  • the stock is forced through the diifuser nozzles and thereafter subjected to a flow element, which has a plurality of individual compartments each positioned in front of a corresponding diffuser nozzle.
  • the flow element has a greater cross-sectional open area than the open area of the diffuser nozzles.
  • This feature allows the stock to diverge within the passage formed by the side walls of the flow element thereby expending much of its kinetic energy part of which is converted into pressure. As the stock moves through the fiow element the velocity thereof is substantially reduced due to the high percentage open area of the flow element. Therefore, as the stock leaves the flow element it will blend or coalesce uniformly and be substantially free of eddy currents, as compared to prior art devices which merely reduce the amplitude of such eddy currents.
  • the stationary fiow element of the present invention has a high open area of approximately 84%, and as a result there is little turbulent activity downstream caused by blending of the jets from the individual compartments of the flow element.
  • the upstream side of the stationary flow element has an open area of 84% as well, and the thin partition walls are kept free from fiber buildup by turbulent activity and back-flow induced by the tube bank diifuser jets.
  • There also exists an extremely turbulent zone between the diifusers and the stationary flow element which dissipates part of the kinetic energy of the jets.
  • the large amount of solid surface ofifered by the stationary flow element compartments also absorbs kinetic energy of the diffuser jets, and slows the jets down which also aids in the conversion of jet kinetic energy to pressure energy.
  • FIG. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic perspective view of a flow box having a portion cut away to clearly illustrate the flow element therein;
  • FIG. 2 is an elevational perspective view showing one of the flow passages of the flow element in conjunction with a corresponding diifuser nozzle;
  • FIG. 3 is an elevational front view of the flow element of FIG. 1 showing the diffuser nozzles in alignment therewith;
  • FIG. 4 is an alternate embodiment with the flow element of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is still another alternate embodiment of the flow element of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is still another alternate embodiment of the flow element of FIG. 3.
  • a pre-slice chamber 10 is provided with a slice 11 for delivering fibrous material in liquid suspension to a forming wire 12.
  • the forming wire 12 may be considered a continuously moving wire which is wrapped about a plurality of rollers, such as the roller 13.
  • An inlet 14 is provided for receiving stock which is to be delivered to the slice 11.
  • the stock is first delivered to a distributor 16 which is in fluid communication with a plurality of diffuser nozzles 18 through a corresponding number of openings or apertures 19 formed in a Wall member or transverse stock flow barrier 19a.
  • the stock is delivered to the distributor 16 with sufi'icient pressure to cause the stock to be forced through the diffuser nozzles 18 extending downstream with a gradually expanding cross-section en route to the slice 11.
  • the downstream end of the diffuser nozzles 18 define a plurality of openings 20 through which the stock flows at a relatively high rate.
  • the total cross-sectional open area of the openings 20 is substantially less than the total crosssectional open area of the downstream portion of the pre slice chamber 10.
  • the stock leaving the diffuser nozzles 18 will form a plurality of high velocity jet streams which slowly diverge and come together to form a substantially solid mass of stock enroute to the slice 11.
  • eddy currents are caused. These eddy currents are an undesirable effect in the manufacture of paper since they form clots and other deformations on the web being formed on the forming wire 12.
  • a flow element 21 is positioned downstream of and in spaced relation to the diffuser element 17 and has substantially the same crosssectional dimension along the length thereof in the direction of the flow.
  • the flow element 21 comprises a plurality of flow passages 22 which are in alignment with corresponding ones of the diffuser nozzles 18.
  • the crosssectional open area transverse to the stock flow of each flow passage 22 is greater than the cross-sectional open area of the openings 20. Therefore, the jet stream of stock will diverge toward the side walls of the flow passages 22, thereby dissipating much of the kinetic energy of the jet streams.
  • the cross-section of the jet stream leaving the diffuser nozzles 18 is cylindrical, therefore only the tangential peripheral portions of the jet streams initially engage one another thereby leaving a relatively large open area between each of the jet streams for eddy currents to develop.
  • the cross-section of the open area of the flow element 21, as seen in FIG. 3, is square, thereby effectively providing a larger peripheral surface area between adjacent jet streams and essentially eliminating the open area Where eddy currents might develop. Therefore, as the stock leaves the flow element 21 it is substantially free of eddy currents and the stock will be delivered to the slice 11 in a stable manner free of clots or other defects.
  • the distributor 1-6 is continuously tapered having the larger end in proximity to the inlet 14 and the smaller end in proximity to an outlet 23. This feature provides a substantially uniform pressure gradient across the apertures 19, which, in turn, cause substantially uniform flow of the stock through the diffuser nozzles 18.
  • the outlet 23 of the distributor 16 is connected to a secondary inlet passage 26 through a line 27. Therefore, the stock which is delivered to the distributor 16 but which does not pass through the diffuser nozzle 18 is recirculated to the sec- 4 ondary inlet 26 to combine with the stock entering the inlet 14, of the distributor 16. It will be understood that suitable pump means may be provided in the line 27 to increase the flow pressure of the stock passing therethrough.
  • the reduced diameter cylindrical portions 30 has an axial dimension A which is equal to 4 inches and an inside diameter of .8 inch.
  • the conical portion 31 has an axial dimension B which is equal to 10 inches.
  • the reduced diameter end of the conical portion 31 is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical portion 30.
  • the increased diameter portion 32 has an axial dimension C which is equal to 10 inches and an inside diameter equal to 1.4 inches.
  • the inside diameter of the large end of the conical portion 31 is substantially equal to the inside diameter of the cylindrical portion 32.
  • the flow passage 22 is spaced a dimension D which is three inches from the end of the diffuser nozzle 18.
  • the outside dimension of the flow passage 22 is 2.75 inches square while the length E is equal to 12v inches.
  • the flow rates of the diffuser nozzle 18 and flow passage 22 are as follows:
  • the velocity of the stock passing through the cylindrical portion 30, is 18 feet per second.
  • the velocity of the stock passing through the increased diameter portion 32 of the diffuser nozzle 18 is 5.88 feet per second.
  • the velocity of the stock leaving the fiow passage 22 is 1.20 feet per second. Therefore, the flow passage 22 of the flow element 21 substantially reduces the velocity of the stock passing through the pre-sliced chamber 10, thereby allowing the stock to coalesce in a gentle manner and free of eddy currents. This even blending of the jet streams of the stock passing through the pre-slice chamber 10 is attributed partly to the relatively large open area at the exit of the flow element 21.
  • the open area of the flow element 21 is 84% that of the cross-sectional area of the pre-sliced chamber downstream thereof. Comparing this to the approximate 17% open area of the diffuser nozzles, it can be seen that the flow element 21 provides a substantial improvement in the manner in which the jet streams blend together. Also, much of the kinetic energy of the jet stream leaving the diffuser nozzle 18 is dissipated within the side walls of the flow passage 22 in the vicinity near the exit of the diffuser nozzle 18. Furthermore, the back flow in the area where the diffuser nozzles discharge into the static flow element 21 keeps the upstream edges of the compartments of the fioW element free of fiber buildup.
  • a flow passage 22 has a rectangular crosssection.
  • the cross-section of the flow passages 22 may be polygonal as illustrated by the hexagonal passages 22" shown in FIG. 5.
  • the cross-section of the flow passage may be round as illustrated by the passages 22 shown in FIG. 6.
  • the present invention has provided a new and improved method and apparatus for substantially eliminating eddy currents in a stock passing through a pre-sliced chamber.
  • the stationary flow element 21 is shown as being positioned downstream of the diffuser nozzle 18, it is not to be construed in a limiting sense.
  • the taper of the diffuser nozzle 18 may vary from 3 degrees to degrees included angle, and that other variations and modifications may be effected without departing from the spirit and scope of the novel concepts of this invention.
  • a method of supplying paper stock to the travelling forming wire of a papermaking machine comprising the steps of:
  • Apparatus for supplying paper stock to a papermaking machine comprising:
  • said slice being downstream of said chamber
  • a portion of said chamber forming means defining a transverse stock flow barrier having a plurality of circular apertures formed therein in generally parallel spaced relation,
  • a plurality of spaced generally parallel stock diffuser nozzles connected to said barrier each in alignment with a corresponding one of said apertures and in each case having an upstream cross-sectional area that is the same as the aperture cross-sectional area and extending downstream with a gradually expanding cross-section to define a circular discharge opening greater than the aforesaid cross-sectional area
  • a flow element positioned in spaced relation to and downstream of said difiuser nozzles having substantially the same cross-sectional dimension along the length thereof in the direction of said flow for reducing the effects of eddy currents of the paper stock passing through the flow chamber
  • said flow element comprising means forming a plurality of flow passages of uniform cross-section along the length thereof aligned respectively with said difiuser nozzles,
  • each said flow passages transverse to the flow being greater than the cross-section of the discharge opening of its corresponding immediately upstream diffuser nozzle, and distributor means upstream of said chamber for delivering paper stock to the diffuser nozzles at a substantially uniform pressure.
  • said distributor means comprises means forming a stock inlet and a stock outlet and including circulating means connected to said stock outlet for receiving surplus stock therefrom which does not pass through said diffuser nozzles and delivering such surplus stock back to said stock inlet.
  • each of said flow passages has a rectangular cross-sectional configuration transverse to the stock flow.
  • each of said flow passages has a square cross-sectional configuration transverse to the stock flow.
  • each of said flow passages has a polygonal cross-sectional configuration transverse to the stock flow.
  • each of said flow passages has a hexagonal cross-sectional configuration transverse to the stock flow.

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US597738A 1966-11-29 1966-11-29 Headbox method and means for blending of multiple jets Expired - Lifetime US3514372A (en)

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US59773866A 1966-11-29 1966-11-29

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US597738A Expired - Lifetime US3514372A (en) 1966-11-29 1966-11-29 Headbox method and means for blending of multiple jets

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US (1) US3514372A (sv)
DE (1) DE1561650A1 (sv)
ES (1) ES347757A1 (sv)
FI (1) FI50556C (sv)
FR (1) FR1558396A (sv)
GB (1) GB1213137A (sv)

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2129717A1 (de) * 1970-06-15 1972-01-27 Ahlstroem Oy Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines fortlaufenden Faserbandes
US3652392A (en) * 1969-11-24 1972-03-28 Kimberly Clark Co Contracting pre-slice flow distributor for papermaking machine headbox
US3791918A (en) * 1972-03-08 1974-02-12 Valmet Oy Headbox of a paper making machine having multiple, vertically inclined vanes
US3963562A (en) * 1974-01-14 1976-06-15 Lodding Engineering Corporation Slurry distributor
US4070238A (en) * 1976-08-16 1978-01-24 Aktiebolaget Karlstads Mekaniska Werkstad Headbox for delivering a jet of well dispersed fibrous stock
US4104116A (en) * 1976-08-20 1978-08-01 Valmet Oy Headbox flow controls
US4243483A (en) * 1978-06-10 1981-01-06 J. M. Voith Gmbh Head box for a paper making machine with a guide surface adjustably tensioned
US4504360A (en) * 1981-07-31 1985-03-12 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha A headbox in a paper-making machine having a flow rectifier
US5019215A (en) * 1988-10-17 1991-05-28 Groupe Laperrier & Verreault, Inc. Headbox with conduits having multiply connected domains
US5183537A (en) * 1991-10-07 1993-02-02 Beloit Technologies, Inc. Headbox tube bank apparatus and method of directing flow therethrough
US5505821A (en) * 1993-06-30 1996-04-09 J. M. Voith Gmbh Turbulence insert of a papermaking machine
DE19621258C1 (de) * 1996-05-25 1997-10-16 Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh Stoffauflauf für eine Papiermaschine
US5718058A (en) * 1995-02-09 1998-02-17 Voith Sulzer Papiermaschinen Gmbh Process and apparatus for the traveling of a paper tail from a first to a second handling station in a paper machine
US5741401A (en) * 1994-09-20 1998-04-21 Voith Sulzer Papiermaschinen Gmbh Headbox of a paper machine
US20030178167A1 (en) * 2001-03-19 2003-09-25 Keiichi Fujiki Tube bank structure, and flow tube producing method
US20100187712A1 (en) * 2009-01-28 2010-07-29 Donaldson Company, Inc. Method and Apparatus for Forming a Fibrous Media
CN104343036A (zh) * 2014-11-17 2015-02-11 张珣 一种有源料浆分配器
CN104343037A (zh) * 2014-11-17 2015-02-11 张珣 有源喷浆机
US9121118B2 (en) 2011-01-28 2015-09-01 Donaldson Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for forming a fibrous media
US9303339B2 (en) 2011-01-28 2016-04-05 Donaldson Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for forming a fibrous media

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI61056C (fi) * 1981-01-26 1982-05-10 Ahlstroem Oy Daempningssystem foer en inloppslaoda i en pappersmaskin
FI62151C (fi) * 1981-04-07 1982-11-10 Ahlstroem Oy Foerfarande och anordning foer matning av en fibersuspension pao en banformningsanordnings vira
DE3144066C2 (de) * 1981-11-06 1985-10-31 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim "Stoffauflauf für eine Papiermaschine"
DE19728599A1 (de) * 1997-07-04 1999-01-07 Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh Stoffauflauf
DE102004000052A1 (de) * 2004-11-19 2006-05-24 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Stoffauflauf für eine Maschine zur Herstellung einer Faserstoffbahn, insbesondere einer Papier- oder Kartonbahn

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3400044A (en) * 1965-05-27 1968-09-03 Beloit Corp Headbox flow control apparatus

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3400044A (en) * 1965-05-27 1968-09-03 Beloit Corp Headbox flow control apparatus

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3652392A (en) * 1969-11-24 1972-03-28 Kimberly Clark Co Contracting pre-slice flow distributor for papermaking machine headbox
DE2129717A1 (de) * 1970-06-15 1972-01-27 Ahlstroem Oy Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines fortlaufenden Faserbandes
US3791918A (en) * 1972-03-08 1974-02-12 Valmet Oy Headbox of a paper making machine having multiple, vertically inclined vanes
US3963562A (en) * 1974-01-14 1976-06-15 Lodding Engineering Corporation Slurry distributor
US4070238A (en) * 1976-08-16 1978-01-24 Aktiebolaget Karlstads Mekaniska Werkstad Headbox for delivering a jet of well dispersed fibrous stock
US4104116A (en) * 1976-08-20 1978-08-01 Valmet Oy Headbox flow controls
US4243483A (en) * 1978-06-10 1981-01-06 J. M. Voith Gmbh Head box for a paper making machine with a guide surface adjustably tensioned
US4504360A (en) * 1981-07-31 1985-03-12 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha A headbox in a paper-making machine having a flow rectifier
US5019215A (en) * 1988-10-17 1991-05-28 Groupe Laperrier & Verreault, Inc. Headbox with conduits having multiply connected domains
US5183537A (en) * 1991-10-07 1993-02-02 Beloit Technologies, Inc. Headbox tube bank apparatus and method of directing flow therethrough
US5505821A (en) * 1993-06-30 1996-04-09 J. M. Voith Gmbh Turbulence insert of a papermaking machine
US5741401A (en) * 1994-09-20 1998-04-21 Voith Sulzer Papiermaschinen Gmbh Headbox of a paper machine
US5718058A (en) * 1995-02-09 1998-02-17 Voith Sulzer Papiermaschinen Gmbh Process and apparatus for the traveling of a paper tail from a first to a second handling station in a paper machine
DE19621258C1 (de) * 1996-05-25 1997-10-16 Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh Stoffauflauf für eine Papiermaschine
US20030178167A1 (en) * 2001-03-19 2003-09-25 Keiichi Fujiki Tube bank structure, and flow tube producing method
EP1386999A1 (en) * 2001-03-19 2004-02-04 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Tube bank structure, and flow tube producing method
EP1386999A4 (en) * 2001-03-19 2004-06-09 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd TUBE BUNDLE CONSTRUCTION AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FLOW TUBE
US6902651B2 (en) 2001-03-19 2005-06-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Tube bank structure, and flow tube producing method
US8524041B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2013-09-03 Donaldson Company, Inc. Method for forming a fibrous media
US20100187171A1 (en) * 2009-01-28 2010-07-29 Donaldson Company, Inc. Fibrous Media
US8267681B2 (en) * 2009-01-28 2012-09-18 Donaldson Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for forming a fibrous media
US20100187712A1 (en) * 2009-01-28 2010-07-29 Donaldson Company, Inc. Method and Apparatus for Forming a Fibrous Media
US9353481B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2016-05-31 Donldson Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for forming a fibrous media
US9885154B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2018-02-06 Donaldson Company, Inc. Fibrous media
US10316468B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2019-06-11 Donaldson Company, Inc. Fibrous media
US9121118B2 (en) 2011-01-28 2015-09-01 Donaldson Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for forming a fibrous media
US9303339B2 (en) 2011-01-28 2016-04-05 Donaldson Company, Inc. Method and apparatus for forming a fibrous media
CN104343036A (zh) * 2014-11-17 2015-02-11 张珣 一种有源料浆分配器
CN104343037A (zh) * 2014-11-17 2015-02-11 张珣 有源喷浆机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1558396A (sv) 1969-02-28
FI50556C (sv) 1976-04-12
FI50556B (sv) 1975-12-31
GB1213137A (en) 1970-11-18
ES347757A1 (es) 1969-03-01
DE1561650A1 (de) 1970-10-01

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