US3512974A - Data storage systems - Google Patents

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Publication number
US3512974A
US3512974A US514200A US3512974DA US3512974A US 3512974 A US3512974 A US 3512974A US 514200 A US514200 A US 514200A US 3512974D A US3512974D A US 3512974DA US 3512974 A US3512974 A US 3512974A
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ions
solution
compounds
ionic
data storage
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US514200A
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English (en)
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John Richard Manhardt
Jean-Paul Archambault
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Northrop Grumman Guidance and Electronics Co Inc
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Itek Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/58—Processes for obtaining metallic images by vapour deposition or physical development
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
    • Y10S430/148—Light sensitive titanium compound containing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to data storage systems. More precisely, the invention disclosed herein relates to data storage systems which include metal containing developer systems for retrieval of data stored in media of the systerns.
  • Physical developers comprise two essential ingredients: a photographic reducing agent and ions of metallic compounds which can be reduced as easily as copper.
  • metal compounds include compounds of copper, mercury, silver, gold, platinum and the like.
  • the photographic reducing agents normally present in physical developers include compounds which can reduce the aforesaid ions.
  • Suitable reducing compounds include hydroquinone or derivatives thereof, oand p-aminophenol, p-methylaminophenol sulphate, p-hydroxyphenylglycine, oand pphenylenediamine, 1-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone and others which could be mentioned.
  • inorganic photographic reducing agents comprising ferrous, titanous and vanadous ions can be utilized.
  • physical developers contain additional ingredients such as organic acids which can react with said metal compounds usually to form complex metal anions.
  • said developers oftentimes contain alkali metal sulfites which serve primarily to retard oxidation of the reducing agents.
  • a principal object of the present invention is to provide an improved data storage system.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved data storage system which includes a developer system of improved stability.
  • non-ionic surfactants which are useful in the practice of our invention are the non-ionic sulfur containing surface active agents known to the art generally as thioethers.
  • thioethers Especially preferred non-ionic thioethers are the polyethylene glycol tertdodecyl thioethers. Others will be mentioned hereinafter.
  • Image or data storage media useful in the practice of our invention include those described in the aforesaid Jonker et a1. patent as well as media in which a photoconductor is a photosensitive component thereof. Said systems comprising photoconductors are described in more detail in commonly owned US. patent application Ser. No. 199,211, filed May 14, 196 2, by E. Berman et al. now abandoned.
  • media comprising radiation sensitive photoconductive materials such as zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, cadmium sulfide or indium oxide and the like are briefly exposed to a source of radiant energy. Such exposure establishes reversible image patterns in the media.
  • the image patterns can be retrieved by contacting at least the exposed portion of the media with a chemical redox system capable of reacting on contact with the exposed portions to deposit thereon, species of the redox system which can be interpreted either directly or subsequently by visual readout.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates in schematic fashion an arrangement of apparatus suitable for practicing our invention.
  • image patterns can be stored in image storage media of the present invention, 12, by exposure thereof to exposure means 14.
  • Exposure means 14 includes source 16 of activating radiation, transparency 18, comprising an information image pattern desired to be stored and appropriate optical system 20, for focusing the image on medium 12.
  • image patterns can be stored in media ofthe present invention by exposure thereof to a source of radiation 16, having a wavelength such that the image storage media can absorb same.
  • a source of radiation 16 having a wavelength such that the image storage media can absorb same.
  • the best results are realized by exposing media disclosed in the Berman et a1. application to light having a wavelength between about 0.2 micron to about 0.5 micron.
  • media suitable in the practice of the present invention can oftentimes include sensitizers such as dyes which can alter the spectral response thereof, other sources can be used.
  • suitable light sources include mercury arc lamps, tungsten arc lamps, photoflash lamps and the like.
  • the time of exposure will be determined primarily by such factors as the nature and strength of source 16 and the distance of the medium, 12, from the source, 16. Such factors are routine considerations normally encountered in conventional photographic processes. Thus, proper exposure time will be readily determined by one well skilled in the art. As an example, however, exposure times of considerably less 3 than 20 seconds, and more often than not less than about 5 seconds, are normally suitable.
  • Tank 22 contains an aqueous or partially aqueous solution of a compound comprising silver, mercury, copper, gold or platinum, for example. Also, tank 22 comprises an organic reducing agent such as p-methylaminophenol sulfate or other suitable reducing agents such as those set forth in the aforesaid patent.
  • the concentration of said reducing agent can vary over a wide range. For example, the .reducing agent can be present in amounts from 0.5 percent by weight of solution to 40 percent by weight.
  • the application of the solution of tank 22 to medium 12 converts the image pattern stored therein to a visible form.
  • the sodium sulfite advantageously retards oxidation of the reducing agent.
  • the preferred concentration of said sulfite is from about 0.5 percent by weight of solution to saturation concentrations or amounts somewhat higher.
  • the solution of tank 22 contains a non-ionic surfactant.
  • the non-ionic sufactants suitable in the practice of the present invention include those which are known to the art as thioethers and conform to the following generic formula:
  • R is an alkyl radical with those having less than about 6 carbon atoms being preferred, or a polyhydric alcohol radical preferably having less than about 8 carbon atoms or polyoxyethylene glycol radical; S is sulfur and R is an alkyl radical preferably having less than about 14 carbon atoms.
  • suitable representative non-ionic thioethers include butyl dodecyl thioether, ethyl octyl thioether, propyl heptyl thioether, methyl 3,4,5,6 tetrahydroxy hexyl thioether.
  • Suitable concentrations of the non-ionic surfactant include those ranging from about 0.01 percent by weight of solution to about 3 percent by weight but amounts less than about 1.0 percent are most suitable.
  • the solution of tank 22 can also contain an ionic surfactant if desired.
  • the ionic surfactants suitable in the practice of our invention include those surfactants or dispersants which achieve dispersion by reason of the fact that they carry a charge which can be anionic or cationic in nature.
  • the most preferred ionic surfactants are those which are cationic in nature.
  • the following is a listing of some of the ionic surfactants suitable in the practice of the present invention:
  • Salts of primary alkylamines the hydrophobic alkylaryl radical of which possesses at least 8 carbon atoms or mixtures of these compounds such as a primary dodecyl amine acetate;
  • Salts of primary alkylamines comprising a hydrophobic alkyl radical which possesses at least 8 carbon atoms, or mixtures of these compounds;
  • Suitable concentrations of the aforesaid surfactants range from 0.01 percent by weight of solution to about 3 percent by weight with amounts less than about 1 percent being preferred.
  • Medium 12 is generally permitted to remain in contact with the solution of tank 22 for'about 2 or 3 seconds but shorter or longer times can be suitably employed. After immersion in tank 22 additional processing steps can be applied to medium 12 such as washing, fixing and the like.
  • TAB LE I 1 N ouio 260 is a polyethylene glycol tertdodceyl thioether.
  • nonionic surfactants of the present invention can effectively stabilize physical developers. Moreover, substantially the same results are obtained when the other thioethers heretofore mentioned are involved or metal compounds other than silver nitrate, such as compounds of gold, copper, mercury and the like, are involved or when other reducing agents heretoforementioned are included.
  • Armour Armac 8D is an octylamine acetate; an ionic surfactant.
  • An improved photographic developer composition which comprises a solution of ions of metallic compounds which can be reduced as easily as copper, a reducing agent which can reduce said ions; and a non-ionic surfactant conforming to the following generic formula:
  • R is chosen from the group consisting of alkyl radicals, radicals of polyhydric alcohols and polyethylene glycol radicals; S is sulfur and R is an alkyl radical.
  • composition of claim 1 wherein said non-ionic surfactant is a polyethylene glycol tertdodecyl thioether.
  • composition of claim 1 wherein said ions of metallic compounds comprise silver ions.
  • composition of claim 1 wherein said ions of metallic compounds comprise copper ions.
  • composition of claim 1 wherein said ions of metallic compounds comprise at least one member of the group consisting of silver ions, copper ions, gold ions, platinum ions, and mercury ions.
  • composition of claim 1 wherein said solution comprises silver nitrate.
  • composition of claim 1 further including an ionic surfactnt.
  • composition of claim 1 further including a primary dodecyl amine acetate.
  • a photographic developer composition comprising ions of metallic compounds which can be reduced as easily as copper and a reducing agent for the ions of metallic compounds, the improvement comprising incorporating in the developer composition an non-ionic thioether containing surfactant.
  • metal ions comprise a solution of at least one member of the group consisting of silver ions, copper ions, gold ions, platinum ions, and mercury ions; and wherein the concentration of non-ionic surfactants ranges from about 0.01 percent by weight to about 3 percent by weight of the solution of metal ions and reducing agent.
  • R is an alkyl radical having less than about 6 carbon atoms, or a polyhydric alcohol radical having less than about 8 carbon atoms, or a poyethylene glycol radical; S is sulfur and R is an alkyl radical having less than about 14 carbon atoms.
  • nonionic surfactant is at least one member selected from group consisting of butyldodecyl thioether, ethyl octyl thioether, propyl heptyl thioether, and methyl 3,4,5,6 tetrahydroxy hexyl thioether.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
US514200A 1965-12-16 1965-12-16 Data storage systems Expired - Lifetime US3512974A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US51417665A 1965-12-16 1965-12-16
US51420065A 1965-12-16 1965-12-16

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US3512974A true US3512974A (en) 1970-05-19

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US514176A Expired - Lifetime US3512973A (en) 1965-12-16 1965-12-16 Data storage systems

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US (2) US3512974A (OSRAM)
BE (1) BE691093A (OSRAM)
CH (1) CH483659A (OSRAM)
DE (1) DE1572015A1 (OSRAM)
FR (1) FR1504343A (OSRAM)
GB (1) GB1160259A (OSRAM)
NL (1) NL6617308A (OSRAM)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1374547A (fr) * 1962-09-07 1964-10-09 Philips Nv Procédé pour la production photographique d'images métalliques
US3152903A (en) * 1959-04-30 1964-10-13 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Reproduction system
US3252798A (en) * 1958-10-11 1966-05-24 Philips Corp Stabilized physical developments

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3252798A (en) * 1958-10-11 1966-05-24 Philips Corp Stabilized physical developments
US3152903A (en) * 1959-04-30 1964-10-13 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Reproduction system
FR1374547A (fr) * 1962-09-07 1964-10-09 Philips Nv Procédé pour la production photographique d'images métalliques

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1160259A (en) 1969-08-06
FR1504343A (fr) 1967-12-01
NL6617308A (OSRAM) 1967-06-19
DE1572015A1 (de) 1970-01-02
CH483659A (fr) 1969-12-31
BE691093A (OSRAM) 1967-06-12
US3512973A (en) 1970-05-19

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