US3509663A - Closures - Google Patents

Description

R. L. MILLER May 5, 1970 CLOSURES 5 Sheets-Sheet 1,

Filed Aug, 2.l 3968 R. L. MILLER May 5, 1970 CLOSURES 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 2, 1968 JR ru. M L JD N A 2. HO R R. L. MILLER May 5, 1970 CLosUREs 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Aug. 2, 196e FIGS May 5, 1970 R. L. MILLERH CLosUREs 5 Sheets-Shea?l L Filed Aug. 2, 1968 f/Y/f/V? ROLLAND L.M\| LER R. L. MILLER May 5, 1970 CLOSURES 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Aug. 2. 1968 United States Patent C) 3,509,663 CLOSURES Rolland L. Miller, Ballwin, Mo., assignor to H. H.

Robertson Company, Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Filed Aug. 2, 1968, Ser. No. 749,791 Int. Cl. Ed 15/46 U.S. Cl. 49-248 7 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A closure including a frame, a sash, and a bracket assembly for connecting the sash to the frame. The bracket assembly comprises a stay arm pivotally connected to the sash and a cam arm pivotally connected to the stay arm inwardly from its pivotal connection to the sash. One of the arms is pivotally connected at its opposite end to the frame, while the other is pivotally connected to a slide which moves on a track fastened to the frame. The sash is provided with a follower which engages a camming slot in the cam arm so that that portion of the sash experiences a compound movement along a predetermined path away from the frame as the sash is opened.

This invention relates in general to closures and, more particularly, to windows.

Heretofore, it has been common practice to hinge windows to their respective frames adjacent to one of their peripheral margins. Many times the hinges are set outwardly beyond the abutment of the sash and frame so that the sash does not interfere with the frame as it swings with respect to it, and this construction has been used extensively with sash having laterally projecting lips.

Irrespective of where the hinges are set, however, the

movement of a sash about its hinge axis imparts a rolling action to the weatherstrip, and this in time abrades the weatherstrip to the extent that it does not adequately seal the sash to the frame. Moreover, interference between the metal sash and frame is frequently encountered, and 4this is often characterized by unattractive wear spots on the frame. Furthermore, this type of window often does not provide a weather-tight seal, nor are they capable of opening to a point which approaches 90.

From a sealing standpoint, one of the most satisfactory windows is the lip-type in which the sash is provided on all its margins with a lip which extends across the outer surface of its frame. Aside from the rolling effect irnparted to the weatherstrip, these lips are generally not employed with projected and hopper vent windows having their hinges mounted on slides which shift with respect to their frames, since any lip which is both located at the hinge juncture and is close enough to the frame to serve as a weather seal will bind against the frame as the Window is opened. Attempts have been made to alleviate this problem by notching or otherwise relieving the frames, but these have generally proved unsatisfactory.

One of the principal objects of the present invention is to provide a window having a lipped sash which does not interfere with the frame or impair the weatherstripping as it is opened. Another object is to provide a window which opens substantially 90 and in which the outer surfaces of its panes are conveniently accessible for cleaning when the window is opened. A further object is to provide a window in which the sash opens easily with no binding or interference. Still another object is to provide a window which is rugged in construction, attractive in appearance, and economical to manufacture. An additional object is to provide a window in which the sash is programmed for movement along a predetermined path.

ICC

These and other objects and advantages will become apparent hereinafter.

The present invention is embodied in a pair of arms interconnecting the window frame and sash. One of the arms serves as a stay for holding the sash in a selected open position, while the other arm extends between the first arm and the frame. The arms are connected to one another in such a manner that the sash shifts along the longitudinal axis of the second arm as it is opened. The sash and second arm are provided with cooperating camming elements which move one end of the sash along a predetermined path with respect to the sash.

The invention also consists in the parts and in the arrangements and combinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed. In the accompanying drawings which form part of the specification and wherein like numerals and letters refer to like parts wherever they occur:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a window constructed in accordance with and embodying the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional View, partially broken away, taken along line 2-2 of FIG. l, but showing the sash closed;

FIGS. 3 and 4 are sectional views taken along lines 3 3 and 4-4, respectively, of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view, partially in phantom, showing the sash and bracket assembly in open positions;

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view of a modified window also forming part of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line 7-7 of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view, partially in phantom, showing the sash and bracket assembly of the window illustrated in FIG. 6 in open positions;

FIG. 9 is a horizontal sectional view showing the lower bracket assembly of another modified window; and

FIG. l0 is a vertical sectional view showing the upper bracket assembly of the modified window of FIG. 9.

Referring now in detail to the drawings, 2 designates a window of the projected vent variety including a frame 4, a sash 6, and a pair of bracket assemblies 8 for connecting the sash 6 to the frame 4.

The frame 4 is formed from frame members 10 which are preferably extruded from aluminum into the configuration best illustrated in FIG. 2. In particular, each frame member 10 has a web 12 which merges at its ends into a front flange 14 and a rear flange 16. For convenience of reference, the portions of the window 2 exposed to the outdoors will be referred to as the front or forwardly presented side of the window 2, while those portions exposed to the interior of the building will be referred to as the rear or rearwardly presented side. The flanges 14 and 16 are offset with respect to one another, with the rear flange 16 projecting further inwardly toward the center of the frame 4 than the front flange 14.

Similarly, the sash 6 is formed from four sash members 18 which are preferably aluminum extrusions having the cross-sectional shape also illustrated in FIG. 2. More specifically, each sash member 18 includes an inner web 20 and a parallel outer web 22 which are joined at their rear ends by a connecting abutment 24 which projects slightly beyond the inner web 20 in the provision of a beveled ridge 26. At their opposite ends the webs 20 and 22 merge into a flange plate 28 which projects laterally beyond the outer web 22 in the provision of a lip 30. The frame 4 and sash 6 are sized such that the latter fits within the former, and when so disposed the lips 30 and connecting abutments 24 of the sash 6 will abut against the front flanges 14 and rear flanges 16, respectively, of the frame 4, thereby forming an overlap which creates a simple, yet highly effective, weather seal. The inwardly presented portions of the flange plates 28 and the inner webs 20 on the sash members 18 carry a pane of glass which is prevented from falling rearwardly by a 3 conventional resilient restraining strip (not shown) which is normally interposed between the pane and the beveled ridge 26. Conventional clips and a caulking compound can also be used for this purpose.

When the sash 6 is closed, the bracket assemblies 8 are contained entirely within the vertical cavities located between the outer webs 22 of the side sash members 18 and the webs 12 of the corresponding side frame members 10. Inasmuch as both bracket assemblies 8, other than being reversals of one another, are identical, only the left-hand bracket assembly, that is the one on the left side of the window illustrated in FIG. l, will be described in detail.

Referring now to FIG. 4, the left bracket assembly 8 includes a track 40 having a bight portion 42 and a pair of opposed inwardly projecting flanges 44 disposed in spaced relation to the bight portion 42. The track 40 is secured to the left frame member 10 in juxtaposition t0 the front flange 14 thereof by means of a plurality of self-tapping screws which extend through the bight portion 42 of the former and thread into the web 12 of the latter.

A stay arm 48 is connected at one end to the lower end of the track 40 by means of a fixed pin 46 which defines a third axis fixed with respect to the frame 4. At its opposite end the stay arm 48 is connected to the mid-portion of the outer web 22 on the left sash member 18 by means of a pin S0 which defines a first axis iixed with respect to the sash 6. The stay arm 48, in turn, is connected to a cam arm 52 by a pin 54 which is located rearwardly and slightly downwardly from the pin 50 when the sash 6 is closed (FIG. 2).'Ihe pin 54 defines a second axis fixed with respect to the stay arm 48. The cam arm 52 is substantially the same width as the stay arm 48, and immediately inwardly from the pin 54 it is relieved so as not to interfere with the portion of the pin 50 extending into the left sash member 18. The cam arm 52 extends upwardly from the stay arm 48 and is connected at its opposite end by means of a pin 56 to a glide shoe or slide 58 which engages the track 40 for sliding movement thereon. The pin S6 defines a fourth axis iixed with respect to the slide 58. The slide 58 is preferably formed from a low friction synthetic resin such as nylon and includes a pair of laterally projecting ribs 60 (FIG. 4) which extend beneath the opposed flanges 44 and thereby preclude outward withdrawal of the slide S8 from the track 40. The ribs 60 are cut away intermediate their ends in the formation of opposed notches 62 which loosely accept a rectangular friction shoe 64. Extending through the slide 58 between the ribs 60 is an adjusting screw 66 which threads into the friction shoe 64. When the screw 66 is tightened, both the shoe 64 and the ribs 60 will bear with greater force against the track 4t), and will thereby otter greater impedence to the movement of the slide 58 along the track 40. Accordingly, the ease with which slide 58 moves is determined by the set of the adjusting screw 66.

Intermediate the pins 54 and 56 (second and fourth axes) the cam arm is bowed slightly away from the track 40 where it is provided with an arcuate camming slot 68 having the general direction and configuration best illustrated in FIG. 2. The camming slot 68 receives a cam follower or camming pin 70; which is secured in the outer web 22 of the left sash member 18 above the pin 50.

As previously noted, when the sash 18 is closed (FIG. 2), the lips 30 on the sash members 18 will overlie and abut against the front flanges 14 of the frame members 10, and similarly, the connecting abutments 24 will bear against the rear fianges 16. Moreover, the stay arms 48 and cam arms 52 will be presented vertically with their centerlines more or less collinear. Finally, the pins 54 will be below and slightly to the rear of the pins 50, and the camming pins 70 will be presented in the upper ends of the camming slots 68.

When the bottom of the sash 6 is pushed forwardly, the sash 6 experiences a compound movement during which all the sash members 18 move outwardly away from their adjacent frame members 10 so as to completely avoid any interference between the lips 30 and the front anges 14. More specifically, a forwardly directed force applied to the lower portion of the sash 6 causes the upper end of the sash 6 to pivot about the camming pins 70 disposed within the camming slots 68 of the cam arms 52 (FIG. 5). Consequently, the portions of the sash 6 below it move forwardly and in so doing draw the stay arms 48 along with it. The stay arms 48 in turn pivot on their pins '50 and 46 and carry the lower ends of the cam arms 52. forwardly, and this in turn causes the slides 58 to move downwardly on the tracks 40. At the same time, the pins y54, which join the cam arms 52 to the stay arms 48, experience relative arcuate movement about and to the rear of the pins 50, which join the stay arms 48 to the sash 6. The eifect of this relative movement is to not only shift the sash 6 relative to the cam arm 52, but also to thrust the midportion of the sash 6 outwardly or forwardly with respect to the frame 4. The relative movement of the sash 6 with respect to the cam arms `52 is transmitted to the camming pins which are contained within the camming slots 68, and since the slots 68 are bowed forwardly intermediate their ends, the pins 70 will follow a forwardly directed path as they move relative to their slots 68. 0f course, as the pins 70 are moving within their respective slots 68, the cam arms 5-2 are swinging outwardly about the pins 56 so that the upper end of the sash 6 experiences a compound movement` This movement carries the upper lip 30 on the sash 6 away from the front and side flanges 14 on the frame 4 without the former sliding across the latter. Continued movement of the sash 6 toward its fully open position (FIG. 5) causes the pins 54 to move upwardly relative to the pins 50 and thereby thrust the sash 6 still further forwardly. When the sash 6 is in its fully open position (FIG. 5), the pins 50 will be presented almost directly in front of the pins 54 at a distance sucient to permit the upper lip 3G to clear the front anges 14 on side sash members 18. In this position the rear faces of the side lips 30 will bear against the upwardly presented forward edges of the cam arms 52 and the camming pins 70 will be disposed in the lower ends, that is the ends closest to the pins 54, of their respective camming slots 68. The reverse sequence of operation occurs when the sash 6 is closed with the lips 30J engaging the front flanges 14 only at the instant of complete closure.

The sash 6 will remain in any position to which it is moved, provided, of course, that the frictional resistance ibetween the slide I58 and the track 40 is enough to overcome the slight unbalance of the sash 6 about the pins 50. This resistance can be altered by turning adjusting screws 66.

Since all the lips 30 on the sash 6, including the upper one, move away from their respective front anges 14 on the frame 4, even during the initial increment of movement out of the completely closed position, the frame 4 need not be notched to accommodate the lips 30, and by the same token, the lips 30 do not rub across and mar the finish of the front flanges 14. In this connection, it is significant to note that if the sash 6 were pivoted directly on the slides 58 by the pins 50', the upper lip 30 would clearly bind against and tend to slide across the front anges 14. Furthermore, the tendency of the sash 6 to move away from the frame 4 even during the initial increment of movement greatly reduces the tendency of the sash 6 to roll and abrade whatever weatherstripping may be employed. Finally, since the outside surface of the pane in window 2 is accessible below the upper frame member 10 when the sash 6- is open, the pane can be washed from the interior of the building.

With slight modifications, window 2 can be utilized as a hopper vent window, in which case the sash 6 would open rearwardly into the interior of the building pivoting about camming pins '70 located toward the bottom of the sash 6.

It should be noted that the upper end of sash 6 need not necessarily follow a forwardly directed path. Indeed, by changing the configuration of the camming slot 68, the window 2 can be programmed so that the upper end of its sash 6 follows practically any desired path including a rearwardly directed path.

As will be seen `by reference to FIGS. 6-8, it is possible to provide a modified window 82 of the hop-per vent variety which is very similar to window 2 and also includes a frame 84, a sash l86, and a pair of rbracket assemblies 88. The frame 84 consists of an upper frame member 90, a lower frame member 92, and a pair of side frame members 94, all of which have front flanges 96 and rear lflanges 98 interconnected by webs 100. The front flange 96 of the upper frame member 90 projects further inwardly toward the center of the window 82 than does its rear flange 98, while the rear flange 98 of the lower frame member 92 projects further inwardly than does its front `flange 96.

The sash 86 includes an upper sash member 102, a lower sash member 104, and side sash members 106, all of which fit within the frame 82 adjacent to the upper frame member 90, lower frame member 92, and side frame members 94, respectively. Each sash member 102, 104 and 106 includes a double we'b 108, a lip 110 and a connecting abutment 1'12. When the sash 86 is closed (FIG. 6), the lip 110 of the upper sash member 102 overlies and abuts against the rearwardly presented face of the rear flange 98 on the upper frame member 90, while the lip 110 on the lower sash member 104 overlies the forwardly presented face on the front flange 96 of the lower frame member 92. Also, the connecting abutment 112 on upper sash member 102 abuts against the rearwardly presented face of the front flange 96, while the connecting abutment 1'12- on the lower sash member 104 abuts against the forwardly presented face on the rear flange 98 of the lower frame member 92. The lips 110 on the side sash members 106 overlie the rearwardly presented faces of the rear yflanges 98 on the side frame members 94, while the abutments 112 abut against the inwardly presented surfaces of the front flanges 96.

Each bracket assembly 88 includes a track 114, a stay arm 116, a cam arm '118 having a camming slot 120, and a slide 122. The side sash members 106 in close proximity to the lower sash member 104 are provided with laterally projecting camming pins 124 which project into the camming slots 120.

As indicated in FIG. 6, the stay arm 116 has one end pivotally connected to the sash 86 by a fixed pin 126 (first axis) and its opposite end pivotally connected to the frame 84 by fixed pin 128 (third axis). The cam arm 118 has one end pivotally connected to the stay arm 116 by a pin 130 (second axis) and its opposite end pivotally connected to the slide 122 by a pin 131 (fourth axis).

The window 82 functions similar to the window 2, but its sash 86 opens rearwardly into the interior of the building. Moreover, the configuration of the camming slot 120 is such that during the initial increment of movement to the open position, the connecting abutment 112 of the lower sash member 104 is cammed slightly forwardly away from the rear flange 98 of the lower frame member 92, while the upper portion of the sash 86 moves into the opposite direction, that is, rearwardly into the interior of the building (FIG. 8). Once the slide 122 raises the lower edge of the lower sash member 104 above the upper margin of the rear flange 98 on the lower frame member 92, the camming slot 120 is presented such that the lower portion of the sash 86 is cammed rearwardly over that rear flange 98. Simultaneously, the lip 110 on the lower sash member 104 will move over the front flange 96 of the lower frame member 92. Since the lower portion of the sash 86 moves slightly forwardly during the initial increment of movement, the lower portions of the rear flanges 98 and the front flanges 96 on the side frame mebers 94 are relieved slightly at their faces which normally are in juxtaposition to the sash 86 to accommodate this movement. To reduce friction between the cam arms 118 and adjacent side sash members 108 as well as between the margins of the slot 120 and the pin 124, a low friction nylon sleeve embraces the cam arm 118 at the slot 120 and it possesses a slot which registers with the slot 120.

Refering now to FIGS. 9 and 10, it is possible to provide a further modified window 132 of the easement variety, and it also includes a frame 134, a sash 136 and upper and lower bracket assemblies 138. The frame 134 and the sash 136 are almost identical to their counterparts in window 2, and it is therefore sufficient for purposes of the present disclosure to merely note that the frame 134 consists of frame members 140 having front flanges 142, while the sash 136 includes sash members 144 having laterally projecting lips 146 which overlap the front flanges 142 when the sash 136 is closed.

The lower bracket assembly 138 is identical to the upper bracket assembly 138, except that it is a reversal thereof, and it includes a track 148 mounted on the lower frame member 140, a slide 150 on the track 148, and a stay arm 152 hingedly connected to the slide A150 at one end by a pin 153 (fourth axis) and to the lower sash member 144 at its opposite end by a pin 155 (first axis). The bracket assembly further includes a cam arm 154 hingedly connected at its one end to the track by means of a fixed pin 156 (third axis) located adjacent to one of the side frame members 140. At its opposite end the cam arm 154 is hingedly connected to the stay arm 152 by a pin 157 (second axis) in rearwardly spaced relation to the hinged connection of the stay arm 152 and the sash 136. The cam arm 154 is provided with an arcuate camming slot 158 which receives a camming pin 160 secured in and projecting downwardly from the lower sash member 144 of the sash 136.

The sash 136 is opened by pushing its side located opposite the pins 156 forwardly, and this carries the connected ends of both the cam arms 154 and the stay arms 152 forwardly (FIG. 9). Since the opposite end of the stay arm 152 is connected to the slide 150, that end moves toward the pin 156 with the slide 150 as the slide 150 traverses the track 148. Inasmuch as the cam arm 154 is pinned to the stay arm 152 rearwardly from the pinned juncture of the stay arm 152 and the sash 136, the midportion of the sash 136 shifts outwardly relative to the cam arm 154 and the frame 134. This relative movement is in turn transmitted to the camming pin 160 which shifts relative to and follows the contour of the camming slot 158. Since the camming slot 158 is bowed forwardly intermediate its ends, the pin 160 and the end of the sash 136 in which it is secured will move forwardly, not only by reason of the movement of the pin 160 in the slot 158, but also by reason of the fact that the cam arm 154 swings outwardly about its fixed pin 156. The contour of the slot 158 is such that the upper and side lips 146 located closest to the pins 156 will shift outwardly from and not wipe across the respective front flanges 142 which they normally overlie and engage when the sash 136 is in its closed position.

The windows 2, 82, 132 are, of course, adaptable to other types and styles of windows, reference to specific window types merely being made for convenience of illustration and description.

This invention is intended to cover all changes and modifications of the examples of the invention herein chosen for purposes of the disclosure which do not constitute departures from the spirit and scope of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. In a closure comprising a frame, a sash, and means for connecting said sash to said frame for movement from a closed position to open positions, the improvement in said means comprising a stay arm connected to said sash for pivotal movement about a lirst axis fixed with respect to said sash;

a cam arm pivotally connected to said stay arm about a second axis xed with respect to said stay arm and said cam arm and located in spaced relation to said rst axis, said sash being shiftable along said cam arm when said sash moves relative to said frame;

a track on said frame;

a slide shiftable on said track;

one said arm being mounted for pivotal movement about a third axis fixed with respect to said frame and the other said arm being mounted to said slide for pivotal movement about a fourth axis fixed with respect to said slide, whereby said other said arm is shitable along said track toward and away from said one arm responsive to movement of said sash relative to said frame; and

cooperating camming elements, one on said sash and one on said cam arm, said cooperating camming elements being positioned between said second axis and said fourth axis for guiding said sash as said sash shifts along said cam arm.

2. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said cooperating camming elements comprise a slot in said cam arm and a follower secured to and projecting outwardly from said sash into said slot.

3. The improvement of clarn 1 wherein said second axis is presented intermediate said first axis and said fourth axis and moves in an arc with respect to said first axisl as said sash moves toward its open position.

4. The improvement of claim 2 wherein said slot is bowed toward said sash beyond the point at which said follower is disposed when said sash is closed, whereby when said sash is opened said follower will move in said slot and said sash will be cammed outwardly away from said fra-nie.

5. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said cam arm is pivotally connected to said slide and said stay arm pivots about said third axis.

6. The improvement of claim 1 wherein said cam arm pivots about said third axis and said stay arm is pivotally connected to said slide.

7. The improvement of claim 2 wherein said slot is contoured immediately beyond the point at which said follower is disposed when said sash is closed such that said follower moves into said frame at the departure of said sash from its closed position References Cited Y UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,560,001 11/1925 Taylor 49-155 2,784,459 3/ 1957 Anderberg et al 49248 2,952,882 9/ 1960 Reynaud 419-252 XR 3,101,135 8/1963 Neal et al. 49-248 FOREIGN PATENTS 157,866 1/ 1933 Switzerland.

KENNETH DOWNEY, Primary Examiner U.S. C1. X.R. 49-251

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