US3506244A - Mixing apparatus - Google Patents

Mixing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3506244A
US3506244A US3506244DA US3506244A US 3506244 A US3506244 A US 3506244A US 3506244D A US3506244D A US 3506244DA US 3506244 A US3506244 A US 3506244A
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United States
Prior art keywords
elements
channels
flow
mixing
channel
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Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
Alastair Strang
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Akzo Nobel UK PLC
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Courtaulds PLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/432—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction with means for dividing the material flow into separate sub-flows and for repositioning and recombining these sub-flows; Cross-mixing, e.g. conducting the outer layer of the material nearer to the axis of the tube or vice-versa
    • B01F25/4321—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction with means for dividing the material flow into separate sub-flows and for repositioning and recombining these sub-flows; Cross-mixing, e.g. conducting the outer layer of the material nearer to the axis of the tube or vice-versa the subflows consisting of at least two flat layers which are recombined, e.g. using means having restriction or expansion zones
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87571—Multiple inlet with single outlet
    • Y10T137/87652—With means to promote mixing or combining of plural fluids

Definitions

  • This invention relates to mixing apparatus and in particular to the type of apparatus in which streams of fluid are divided into sub-streams and remixed, the operation being repeated until the desired degree of mixing is achieved.
  • Such apparatus may for example have two channels in each element, each of which receives a portion of the flow from each channel of the next preceding element and each of which channels discharges into the next following element, dividing the flow of liquid therethrough between the two channels of that next following element.
  • Such apparatus provides good flow mixing it a sufiiciently large number of elements are employed but, since the flow in one channel is, in effect, parallel to that in a second channel, no substantial shear forces are brought to bear. It is an object of this invention to provide an improved form of mixing apparatus which supplies shear mixing as well as flow mixing.
  • apparatus for mixing liquids comprises a plurality of elements arranged end to end, each of which elements has an equal even number of channels passing therealong, the flow path of the liquid through each of which channels in one element being such that the liquid flow is divided between each of the channels in the next following element, whereby the liquid in the separate channels is mixed, and each of which elements the faces which cooperate with those of the next preceding element and the next following element are oblique to the general direction of liquid flow.
  • each element has 2 channels where n is an integer greater than or equal to unity.
  • each channel receives a proportion of the flow from each channel of the next preceding element and preferably the combined flow passes through a restricted throat, following which the channels open up again to divide the liquid flow between each of the channels in the the next following element. Continued repetition of these operations repeatedly splits the liquid flow and recombines it in other distributions, thus providing efiicient flow mixing.
  • the construction of the present invention provides shear mixing in addition to flow mixing since the paths through which the separate liquid flows travel through the individual elements are unequal, due to the shape of the elements. Accordingly two notional points in two channels which have reached the same position in the direction of flow in one element do not reach the next element at the same time and travel through the elements in different times. Accordingly when they are reaching the point of recombination of the streams they do so with one lagging behind the other and this contributes to more efficient mixing. In some cases such notional points may catch up with one another at a later stage but the effect of the shear mixing combined with that of the flow mixing is suflicient to mix the two streams more thoroughly per element than has been achieved in the previously known mixers. In some assemblies a particularly advantageous arrangement may be one in which the elements are not arranged in a straight line but follow a curved path dictated by their shape. With such an arrangement the effect of shear mixing can be greater than with the straight arrangement.
  • the elements may be made of any suitable material which is not attacked by the liquids being mixed.
  • the elements may be constructed from metals such as iron, steel, brass or other suitable metal for the particular application.
  • plastics materials such as rubber compositions, polyamides, polyacetals, polyphenylene oxides, polyvinyl chloride and polyolefins.
  • FIGURE 1 is a projection in the vertical plane of one end view of an element of mixing apparatus according to the invention, which element has two flow channels,
  • FIGURE 2 is a section along the line X-X in FIG- URE 1,
  • FIGURE 3 is a projection in the vertical plane of the other end of the element
  • FIGURE 4 is a section of similar character to the section in FIGURE 2 showing three elements arranged in a straight line, and
  • FIGURE 5 is a section of similar character to that of FIGURE 2 showing three elements arranged to follow a curved path.
  • a mixer element 1 has oblique faces 2 and 3 of equal and opposite inclinations to the flow of liquid through the channels 4 and 5 through the elements.
  • the channels are divided at one end by a septum 6 (FIGURES 1 and 2) and at the other end by a septum 11 (FIGURE 3) which is at right angles to the septum 6.
  • the channels 4 and 5 open out at one end by means of funnel-shaped sections 7 and 8 so that their openings at this end each occupy the whole of the area on one side of the septum 6.
  • the channels 4 and open out at the other end by means of funnel-shaped sections' 9 and so that they each occupy the whole of the area on one side of the septum 11.
  • next following element will be so arranged that the projection drawing, corresponding to FIGURE 1, of the next following element will be related to the projection drawing of FIGURE 1 as object and mirror image and this will therefore equally be true of the relationship between'the projection drawing of the upstream end of the next following element and the drawing of FIGURE 3.
  • the next element in the series will be similar to that shown in the presentfigures and so alternately for as many elements as it is desired to use.
  • FIGURE 4 three elements are shown, the first and third of which are identical with that shown in FIGURES 1, 2 and 3 and the second of which, designated 1, is an alternative type in which the projectional representations of the respective ends are related to those, of the elements designated 1 as object and mirror image. Similar relationships exist between the elements shown in FIGURE 5 although the actual shape of the elements designated 1 requires to be different from that used inthe arrangement of FIGURE 4. The flow paths and the projectional representations of the ends of the elements 1 are similar to those shown in FIGURES l to 3.
  • Apparatus for mixing liquids which comprises a plurality of elements arranged end to end, each of which elements has an equal even number of channels passing therethrough, the flow pathof the liquid through each of which channels in one element being such that the liquid flow is divided between each of the channels in the next following element, whereby the liquid in the separate channels is mixed, and in each of which elements thefaces which cooperate with those of the next preceding element and the next following element are oblique to thements are arranged to follow a curved path.
  • phenylene oxides polyvinyl chloride and polyolefins.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
US3506244D 1967-06-29 1968-06-26 Mixing apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3506244A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3007567A GB1220688A (en) 1967-06-29 1967-06-29 Mixing apparatus

Publications (1)

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US3506244A true US3506244A (en) 1970-04-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US3506244D Expired - Lifetime US3506244A (en) 1967-06-29 1968-06-26 Mixing apparatus

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US (1) US3506244A (pm)
BE (1) BE717340A (pm)
DE (1) DE1757880A1 (pm)
FR (1) FR1573407A (pm)
GB (1) GB1220688A (pm)
NL (1) NL6809073A (pm)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3620506A (en) * 1970-07-07 1971-11-16 Fmc Corp Fluid-mixing device
US4112520A (en) * 1976-03-25 1978-09-05 Oscar Patton Gilmore Static mixer
US4222671A (en) * 1978-09-05 1980-09-16 Gilmore Oscar Patrick Static mixer
US4573801A (en) * 1983-03-02 1986-03-04 Leschonski K Apparatus for producing a gas solid two phase flow jet having a constant mass or volume flow rate and predetermined velocity
US5305823A (en) * 1990-03-22 1994-04-26 Valeo Thermique Habitacle Zone controlled automobile air conditioning system with air mixers at selected outlets
US6190034B1 (en) * 1995-10-03 2001-02-20 Danfoss A/S Micro-mixer and mixing method
US6274867B1 (en) * 1998-09-28 2001-08-14 Varian, Inc. Multiple liquid flow electrospray interface
US20090044619A1 (en) * 2007-08-13 2009-02-19 Fiering Jason O Devices and methods for producing a continuously flowing concentration gradient in laminar flow
US20090078614A1 (en) * 2007-04-19 2009-03-26 Mathew Varghese Method and apparatus for separating particles, cells, molecules and particulates
US20100116657A1 (en) * 2007-03-28 2010-05-13 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Method and apparatus for concentrating molecules
US10611054B2 (en) * 2014-09-03 2020-04-07 Windmöller & Hölscher Kg Overturning device for overturning molten material and purging method

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3206170A (en) * 1959-10-13 1965-09-14 American Enka Corp Mixing apparatus
US3239197A (en) * 1960-05-31 1966-03-08 Dow Chemical Co Interfacial surface generator

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3206170A (en) * 1959-10-13 1965-09-14 American Enka Corp Mixing apparatus
US3239197A (en) * 1960-05-31 1966-03-08 Dow Chemical Co Interfacial surface generator

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3620506A (en) * 1970-07-07 1971-11-16 Fmc Corp Fluid-mixing device
US4112520A (en) * 1976-03-25 1978-09-05 Oscar Patton Gilmore Static mixer
US4222671A (en) * 1978-09-05 1980-09-16 Gilmore Oscar Patrick Static mixer
US4573801A (en) * 1983-03-02 1986-03-04 Leschonski K Apparatus for producing a gas solid two phase flow jet having a constant mass or volume flow rate and predetermined velocity
US5305823A (en) * 1990-03-22 1994-04-26 Valeo Thermique Habitacle Zone controlled automobile air conditioning system with air mixers at selected outlets
US6190034B1 (en) * 1995-10-03 2001-02-20 Danfoss A/S Micro-mixer and mixing method
US6274867B1 (en) * 1998-09-28 2001-08-14 Varian, Inc. Multiple liquid flow electrospray interface
US20100116657A1 (en) * 2007-03-28 2010-05-13 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Method and apparatus for concentrating molecules
US8679313B2 (en) 2007-03-28 2014-03-25 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Method and apparatus for concentrating molecules
US20090078614A1 (en) * 2007-04-19 2009-03-26 Mathew Varghese Method and apparatus for separating particles, cells, molecules and particulates
US8292083B2 (en) 2007-04-19 2012-10-23 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Method and apparatus for separating particles, cells, molecules and particulates
US20090044619A1 (en) * 2007-08-13 2009-02-19 Fiering Jason O Devices and methods for producing a continuously flowing concentration gradient in laminar flow
US7837379B2 (en) * 2007-08-13 2010-11-23 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Devices for producing a continuously flowing concentration gradient in laminar flow
US10611054B2 (en) * 2014-09-03 2020-04-07 Windmöller & Hölscher Kg Overturning device for overturning molten material and purging method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1573407A (pm) 1969-07-04
DE1757880A1 (de) 1971-06-03
NL6809073A (pm) 1968-12-30
GB1220688A (en) 1971-01-27
BE717340A (pm) 1968-12-02

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