US3506223A - Airplane with at least one lifter driving mechanism - Google Patents

Airplane with at least one lifter driving mechanism Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3506223A
US3506223A US726682A US3506223DA US3506223A US 3506223 A US3506223 A US 3506223A US 726682 A US726682 A US 726682A US 3506223D A US3506223D A US 3506223DA US 3506223 A US3506223 A US 3506223A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
flap
airplane
fuselage
flaps
lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US726682A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gyntherr Flemming
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werke Fokker GmbH
Original Assignee
Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werke Fokker GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werke Fokker GmbH filed Critical Vereinigte Flugtechnische Werke Fokker GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3506223A publication Critical patent/US3506223A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02K1/00—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto
    • F02K1/002—Plants characterised by the form or arrangement of the jet pipe or nozzle; Jet pipes or nozzles peculiar thereto with means to modify the direction of thrust vector
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C29/00—Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft
    • B64C29/0008—Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft having its flight directional axis horizontal when grounded
    • B64C29/0041—Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft having its flight directional axis horizontal when grounded the lift during taking-off being created by jet motors
    • B64C29/0058—Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically, e.g. vertical take-off and landing [VTOL] aircraft having its flight directional axis horizontal when grounded the lift during taking-off being created by jet motors with vertical jet

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an airplane with at least one lifting driving mechanism the outlet of which is adapted to be closed by two flaps which are arranged one behind the other and which are pivotable in the same direction about axes extending in a direction transverse to the direction of flight, said flaps when in their outward position serving for guiding the jet, dividing the jet or deviating the jet.
  • the flaps after being pivoted, are so located in the jet that no partial jet impacts upon said flaps and thus is not at all or only slightly deviated. Since the flaps in opened condition extend fairly far in downward direction, the ground clearance is relatively small.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an airplane with a lifting driving mechanism in which, when employing two flaps for closing the outlet of such driving mechanism, the flaps will be so designed and arranged that on one hand, with the flaps in fully opened condition, there will exist a maximum of ground clearance while on the other hand, when the flaps are in partially opened condition for deviating the jet, it will be possible to obtain a nearly complete jet deviation of almost the entire thrust jet.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a flap arrangement for a lifting driving mechanism arranged in the fuselage, said flap arrangement being shown in closed position.
  • FIG. 2 shows the device of FIG. 1 but with the flaps in partially opened position, i.e. in a position for the deviation of the jet.
  • FIG. 3 shows the device of FIG. 1 with the flaps in fully opened position.
  • FIG. 4 diagrammatically illustrates a cross section through a trough-shaped rear flap which is divided approximately in the central portion thereof.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section of a trough-shaped rear flap similar to that of FIG. 4 but with the difference that the flap sections for purposes of dividing the jet form a ridge.
  • FIG. 6 shows a modified flap arrangement according to the invention for the deviation of the jet.
  • FIG. 7 shows a flap arrangement similar to that of FIG. 6 while the flap sections for purposes of dividing the jet form a ridge.
  • the arrangement according to the present invention is characterized primarily in that the rear flap, during the opening operation of said flaps, moves over the front flap until it fully overlaps the front flap at the end of the opening movement.
  • the front flap may, in a manner known per se. be pivotable about an axis whereas the rear flap is guided by linked levers which by means of corresponding bearings are adapted to be rotated.
  • the front flap advantageously comprises an actuating arm which is connected to the lever for the rear flap by means of a connecting lever for a common drive.
  • the pivot axis for the front flap is so located that said front flap when occupying its open position, partially extends into the interior of the fuselage.
  • the rear flap is, in conformity with the present invention, trough-shaped in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the airplane.
  • the rear flap is divided in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the airplane, and that the thus formed flap portions are pivotally connected to each other in such a way that, when pivoting the flap portions toward each other, the same form a ridge for dividing the jet.
  • the front flap is advantageously provided with a control wedge.
  • the fuselage 1 of an airplane has an outlet opening 2 for a lifting driving mechanism 3.
  • This outlet opening 2 is adapted to be closed by two flaps 4 and 5.
  • the rear flap 5 (when looking in the direction of flight of the airplane) is in the neighborhood of one of its ends pivotally connected to an arm 6 of a two-arm lever 7, whereas a one-arm lever 8 is pivotally connected to the other end of flap 5.
  • the two-arm lever 7 and the one-arm lever 8 are respectively pivotally arranged through the intervention of a bearing 9 and 10 respectively, said bearings being fixedly connected to the fuselage.
  • the front flap 4 has connected thereto an arm 12 carrying a fixed shaft 11 about which the flap 4 is rotatable.
  • Arm 12 is by means of a connecting lever 13 connected to an arm 14 of the two-arm lever 7.
  • the connecting points 15 and 16 form pivot points.
  • At the connecting point 16 there is linked a piston rod 18 reciprocably mounted in a hydraulic cylinder 17.
  • Said cylinder 17 and piston rod 18 form a driving means.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 17 is provided with connections 19 and 20 for respective connection with control lines, and has its end 21 pivotally connected to the fuselage.
  • the piston rod 18 When actuating the hydraulic cylinder 17, the piston rod 18 is adapted by means of the lever 7 which is rotatable in the bearing 9 to pivot the flap 5 out of its starting position. Simultaneously, the flap 4 is by means of the connecting lever 13 and arm 12 pivoted about the shaft 11. During the tilting of the flaps 4 and 5, flap 5 slides over the flap 4 so that in fully opened condition shown in FIG. 3, a ground clearance of less than the length of flap 5 is required.
  • the flaps In an intermediate position of the flaps 3 and 4, which intermediate position is shown in FIG. 2, the flaps have reached a location in which a jet deviation is effected so that the jets of the driving mechanism of the lifter mechanism can be exploited for cruising flight or distance-formation flight.
  • the marginal areas of the flaps 4 and 5 are somewhat rectangularly turned upwardly for better guiding the jet.
  • This design has the advantage that when the outlet opening is opened within this area a low pressure will form during the cruising flight so that the starting of the lifting mechanism in flight will be facilitated.
  • the flap 5 is in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the airplane divided approximately in the central portion, and the formed flap portions 22 and 23 are pivotally connected to each other by means of a joint 24. In this way, when pivoting the flap portions 22 and 23 relative to each other, these flap portions form a trough according to FIG. 4 or a ridge 31 according to FIG. 5.
  • the joint is provided with a spring 25.
  • the connecting lever 13 is, in contrast to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, replaced by a hydraulic cylinder 26 (FIGS. 6 and 7) with a piston rod 27 having the connections 28 and 29. Furthermore, flap 4 is equipped with a control wedge 30 for actuating the flap portions 22 and 23.
  • the pivoting operation is effected in the manner described in connection with the first embodiment of the invention.
  • a deviation of the jet can be obtained by adjusting the flap 4 by means of the hydraulic cylinder 26 and piston rod 27 and by pivoting by means of control wedge 30 the flap portions 22 and 23 toward each other against the thrust of a torsion spring 25 so that the flap portions 22 and 23 form a ridge.
  • An airplane having a fuselage and a lifting drive and also having an outlet opening in said fuselage for said lifting drive, which includes: flap means, pivot 'means supported by said fuselage and extending transverse to the flight direction of said airplane, said pi-vot means pivotally supporting said flap means for pivotal movement in the same direction from a first position in which said flap means close said outlet opening to a second position in which said flap means open said outlet opening and vice versa, said flap means when viewed in flight direction of said airplane comprising a front flap and a rear flap,- lever means connected to said front flap and said rear flap so as to cause said flaps to move into overlapping arrangement with regard to each other in response to said flap 'means moving from said first position toward said second position, and actuating means supported by said fuselage for actuating said lever means and thereby moving said flap means, said pivot means including a first shaft pivotally supporting said front flap and also including a second pivot shaft and a third pivot shaft, and said lever means including a first lever forming a two-arm lever pivot
  • pivot means includes a pivot shaft pivotally supporting said front flap
  • interconnecting means includes a linkage system linked to said rear flap
  • each of said flaps has a trough-shaped cross section.
  • An airplane having a fuselage and a lifting drive and also having an outlet opening in said fuselage for said lifting drive, which includes: flap means, pivot means supported by said fuselage and extending transverse to the flight direction of said airplane, said pivot means pivotally supporting said flap means for pivotal movement in the same direction from a first position in which said flap means close said outlet opening to a second position in which said flap means open said outlet opening and vice versa, said flap means when viewed in flight direction of said airplane comprising a front flap and a rear flap, lever means connected to said front flap and said rear flap so as to cause said flaps to move into overlapping arrangement with regard to each other in response to said flap means moving from said first position toward said second position, and actuating means supported by said fuselage for actuating said lever means and thereby moving said flap means, the rear flap being along the central longitudinally extending portion thereof subdivided into two sections pivotally interconnected to each other, and means operatively interconnecting said sections for selectively causing the same to form a ridge with each other.
  • An airplane having a fuselage and a lifting drive and also having an outlet opening in said fuselage for said lifting drive, which includes: flap means, pivot means supported by said fuselage and extending transverse to the flight direction of said airplane, said pivot means pivotally supporting said flap means for pivotal movement in the same direction from a first position in which said flap means close said outlet opening to a second position in which said flap means open said outlet opening and vice versa, said flap means when viewed in flight direction of said airplane comprising a front flap and a rear flap, lever means connected to said front flap and said rear flap so as to cause said flaps to move into overlapping arrangement with regard to each other in response to said flap means moving from said first position toward said second position, actuating means supported by said fuselage for actuating said lever means and thereby moving said flap means, the rear flap being along the central longitudinally extending portion thereof subdivided into two sections pivotally interconnected to each other, and means operatively interconnecting said sections for selectively causing the same to form a trough with each other.
  • An airplane having a fuselage and a lifting drive and also having an outlet opening in said fuselage for said lifting drive, which includes: flap means, pivot means supported by said fuselage and extending transverse to the flight direction of said airplane, said pivot means pivotally supporting said flap means for pivotal movement in the same direction from a first position in which said flap means close said outlet opening to a second position in which said flap means open said outlet opening and vice versa, said flap means when viewed in flight direction of said airplane comprising a front flap and a rear flap, lever means connected to said front flap and said rear flap so as to cause said flaps to move into overlapping arrangement with regard to each other in response to said fiap means moving from said first position toward said second position, actuating means supported by said fuselage for actuating said lever means and thereby moving said fiap means, said rear flap being subdivided into two sections, and said front flap comprising control wedge means for actuating said rear flap sections.
  • An airplane having a fuselage and a lifting drive and also having an outlet opening in said fuselage for said lifting drive, which includes: two one-piece flap means, pivot means supported by said fuselage and extending transverse to the flight direction of said airplane, said pivot means pivotally supporting said flap means for pivotal movement in the same direction from a first position in which said two one-piece flap means close said outlet opening to a second position in which said two one-piece flap means open said outlet opening and vice versa, said two one-piece flap means when viewed in flight direction of said airplane comprising a front flap pivotally journalled directly to said fuselage as well as a rear fiap pivotally journalled indirectly to said fuselage by at least two pivot points and both necessary for References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,243,800 5/1941 Goodyear 239265.29 3,033,493 5/1962 Wilde et a1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
US726682A 1967-05-11 1968-05-06 Airplane with at least one lifter driving mechanism Expired - Lifetime US3506223A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEV33641A DE1277027B (de) 1967-05-11 1967-05-11 Flugzeug mit zumindest einem Hubtriebwerk, dessen Auslass durch zwei hintereinanderliegende Klappen verschliessbar ist

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3506223A true US3506223A (en) 1970-04-14

Family

ID=7588264

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US726682A Expired - Lifetime US3506223A (en) 1967-05-11 1968-05-06 Airplane with at least one lifter driving mechanism

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3506223A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1277027B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1578018A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1220130A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4199120A (en) * 1977-11-01 1980-04-22 The Boeing Company Folding, plug type aircraft door
US4560123A (en) * 1982-09-30 1985-12-24 The Boeing Company Door locking mechanism
EP1129939A2 (en) 2000-03-03 2001-09-05 The Boeing Company Rotary door assembly for landing gear
US6345786B1 (en) 2000-03-03 2002-02-12 The Boeing Company Linked multi-segment landing gear door for aircraft
CN106428515A (zh) * 2016-09-23 2017-02-22 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 一种可折叠舱门

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1227044A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1969-04-02 1971-03-31
FR2866314B1 (fr) 2004-02-13 2007-04-27 Airbus France Trappe de train d'atterrissage a cinematique controlee

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2243800A (en) * 1938-06-01 1941-05-27 Goodyear James Wallis Jet propulsion of water-borne vessels
US3033493A (en) * 1959-01-08 1962-05-08 Rolls Royce Vertical take-off aircraft
US3310260A (en) * 1964-01-31 1967-03-21 Hawker Siddeley Aviation Ltd Vstol aircraft
US3327482A (en) * 1963-07-02 1967-06-27 Rolls Royce Vertical lift jet engines

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1109530B (de) * 1959-01-08 1961-06-22 Rolls Royce Senkrecht startendes Flugzeug

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2243800A (en) * 1938-06-01 1941-05-27 Goodyear James Wallis Jet propulsion of water-borne vessels
US3033493A (en) * 1959-01-08 1962-05-08 Rolls Royce Vertical take-off aircraft
US3327482A (en) * 1963-07-02 1967-06-27 Rolls Royce Vertical lift jet engines
US3310260A (en) * 1964-01-31 1967-03-21 Hawker Siddeley Aviation Ltd Vstol aircraft

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4199120A (en) * 1977-11-01 1980-04-22 The Boeing Company Folding, plug type aircraft door
US4560123A (en) * 1982-09-30 1985-12-24 The Boeing Company Door locking mechanism
EP1129939A2 (en) 2000-03-03 2001-09-05 The Boeing Company Rotary door assembly for landing gear
US6345786B1 (en) 2000-03-03 2002-02-12 The Boeing Company Linked multi-segment landing gear door for aircraft
US6352221B1 (en) 2000-03-03 2002-03-05 The Boeing Company Rotary landing gear assembly
CN106428515A (zh) * 2016-09-23 2017-02-22 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 一种可折叠舱门
CN106428515B (zh) * 2016-09-23 2019-07-09 江西洪都航空工业集团有限责任公司 一种可折叠舱门

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1220130A (en) 1971-01-20
DE1277027B (de) 1968-09-05
FR1578018A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-08-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4053124A (en) Variable camber airfoil
US4605187A (en) Wing flap mechanism
US3994452A (en) Variable camber airfoil
US3941334A (en) Variable camber airfoil
US3994451A (en) Variable camber airfoil
US2620622A (en) Reverse thrust arrangement for braking jet-propelled aircraft
US2563453A (en) Device fob controlling the trailing
US4353517A (en) Flap assembly for aircraft wing
US3985319A (en) Variable pivot trailing edge flap
US4183478A (en) Jet thrust reverser
US3528632A (en) High lift flaps for aircraft
US4854528A (en) Cover for flap guide rails in aircraft wings
US2282516A (en) Airplane wing structure
US3013748A (en) Aircraft flap supporting and operating mechanism
JPS647920B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
US2925233A (en) Aircraft wing fold system
US7651053B2 (en) Aerodynamic airflow deflector for aircraft landing gear
US6345786B1 (en) Linked multi-segment landing gear door for aircraft
US3799474A (en) Bi-directional deflectible control flap for airfoils
US3486721A (en) Aircraft closure flaps
US3506223A (en) Airplane with at least one lifter driving mechanism
US3698664A (en) Aircraft
US3638886A (en) Wing with slotted flap mounted at the leading edge and/or at the trailing edge
US2218114A (en) Operating mechanism for aircraft wing flaps
US2271763A (en) Duplex aileron control