US3505444A - Strand draw-crimping treatment - Google Patents

Strand draw-crimping treatment Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3505444A
US3505444A US476933A US3505444DA US3505444A US 3505444 A US3505444 A US 3505444A US 476933 A US476933 A US 476933A US 3505444D A US3505444D A US 3505444DA US 3505444 A US3505444 A US 3505444A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
strand
snubbing
draw
rolls
textile
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US476933A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert K Stanley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Techniservice Corp
Original Assignee
Techniservice Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Techniservice Corp filed Critical Techniservice Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3505444A publication Critical patent/US3505444A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/222—Stretching in a gaseous atmosphere or in a fluid bed
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/004—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by heating fibres, filaments, yarns or threads so as to create a temperature gradient across their diameter, thereby imparting them latent asymmetrical shrinkage properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00—Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22—Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/224—Selection or control of the temperature during stretching

Definitions

  • This invention relates to drawing of molecularly orientable textile strands to increased length and thereby orienting them, and concerns also the crimping of such textile accomplished by pulling a molecularly orientable textile strands.
  • a strand is pulled slidably over a snubbing surface, and the side in contact with the snubbing surface is cooled thereby, whereupon the strand acquires an exthe strand assumes a crimped configuration.
  • textile strands especially those composed of synthetic organic polymers of linear structure, are molecularly orienta-ble by a procedure of extending the strand beyond its elastic limit or drawing it, whereupon the strand does not break but attains a sta-ble extended length by virtue of longitudinal alignment and possibly slippage of the component polymeric molecules.
  • Such procedure usually involves pulling the strand about a solid snubbing Surface, most often cylindrical, and frequently involves heating the strand or the snubbing surface or both.
  • a primary object of the present invention is provision of crimped strands by way of a novel drawing technique.
  • a further object is provision of a draw-crimping process and apparatus for practicing it.
  • FIG. 1 is a representation, partly in elevation and partly in schematic form, of apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a similar View on a reduced scale, of further apparatus according to this invention, and of crimped strand produced thereby.
  • the objects of the present invention are accomplished -by pulling a molecularly orientable textile strand over a snubbing surface to draw it to increased length and there-by orient it, and simultaneously cooling the strand while in contact therewith ⁇ Upon subsequent relaxation from tension, with or without the aid of heat, the strand assumes a crimped conliguraion.
  • FIG. l shows strand 11, of molecularly orientable type, being fed by a pair of feed rolls 12, 13 toward the unper right, past heater 14 and to snubbing member 15, which has semicylindrical snubbing surface 16.
  • the strand is pulled past the heater and over the snubbing surface, and thereby extended (after which it is denoted as 11'), by pair of draw rolls 17, 18.
  • Block 19 denotes drive means 3,505,444 Patented Apr. 7, 1970 ICCl for the rolls by means of suitable drive linkages (indicated in broken lines): 19a to feed roll 13, 19b to draw roll 17, and 19e to a roll discussed hereinafter.
  • the drive means comprises either an engine or an electric motor (not shown) together with suitable gearing (also not shown) so that the respective pairs of rolls can be driven at any desired angular speeds and any desired speed ratio.
  • the second roll in each pair may be undriven except by contact with the driven rol-l and the strand passing through e roll nip, or both rolls in any pair may be driven alike (but in opposite directions).
  • the draw rolls are ydriven at a greater surface speed than the feed rolls, preferably several times as great, the actual speed ratio depending upon the drawability of the strand composition and the desired degree of draw to be accomplished.
  • Snubbing member 15 is provided with conduits 21 and 23, shown with arrows leading respectively to and from the snubbing member, which is hollow (as indicated in broken lines) to interconnect them, and respectively from and to block 25, which represents circulation-inducing means and heat sink.
  • the conduits and the inter-connection thereof in the snubbing member comprise the cooling coil
  • the rest of a conventional refrigerator being represented by block 25, and enlarged portion 22 of the inter-.connection in the interior of the snubbing member representing a plenum chamber, preferably supplied with fins to the body of the member for ready heat-exchange therewith.
  • conduits 21 and 23 may be simply electrical ⁇ conductors (the arrows representing electrical current flow therein), in which event block 25 represents a D.C. generator, battery, or equivalent E.M.F. source, and enlarged portion 22 in the snubbing member represents a thermoelectric device (e.g., a Peltier junction or group thereof) ⁇ adapted to produce a cooling effect upon current flow therethrough -in the indicated direction, the selection of which is well within the capability of a person skilled in the art.
  • event block 25 represents a D.C. generator, battery, or equivalent E.M.F. source
  • enlarged portion 22 in the snubbing member represents a thermoelectric device (e.g., a Peltier junction or group thereof) ⁇ adapted to produce a cooling effect upon current flow therethrough -in the indicated direction, the selection of which is well within the capability of a person skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 2 shows (on a reduced scale) drawn strand 11' proceeding to the right past heater 27 to a pair of strandforwarding rolls 28, 29 driven through linkage 19C (indicated in broken lines) at a usually intermediate surface speed suicient to maintain in the strand at least some of,
  • the tension imparted by the strand-drawing rolls despite any change in length induced by heater 27 when on.
  • This remaining tension which may be only sufficient to prevent slack in the strand, is released as the roll nip releases the strand (then denoted as 11) into relaxed crimped conguration, which is shown somewhat stylized.
  • the strand-forwarding rolls may be omitted and the tension be released at the nip of the strand-drawing rolls.
  • the strand-feeding rolls may be replaced by equivalent strand-restraining means eifective to ensure adequate contact between the-strand and the surface of the snubbing member as the strand-drawing rolls pull the strand thereover.
  • the relaxation step which induces stress relief in the strand, may be repeated, if desired, with or Without Variation therein.
  • Heater 14 which is a preheater to facilitate drawing as is desirable with some strand compositions, may be replaced upon providing one or both of feed rolls 12, 13 with internal heating means, such as that shown and described for the feed rolls of a stuiier crimper in my Pat. 3,111,740.
  • heater 14 may be removed without such modification of the feed rolls (or simply be left in place but not turned on), as the friction of the strand against snubbing surface 16 and the ntermolecular friction engendered as the strand begins to draw will induce a heating of the strand.
  • the cooled snubbing member acts to remove heat of whatever origin from the drawing or drawn strand; however, unlike the preferred heaters, it does not act uniformly on the strand but contacts it along one side only.
  • Heater 27 is used to heat-relax the drawn strand wherever the latent crimp is not developed to the extent desired upon simply relaxing the strand by releasing it from tension. Where not required it can be removed or left in place turned olf. A heat-relaxation aftertreatment may be employed instead of or in addition to heat-relaxation by heater 27.
  • Both heaters 14 and 27 may be of any suitable design, such as an enclosure supplied with radiant energy, steam, or other means of heat-transfer, or simply a heated block over which the strand travels in heat-conductive contact.
  • Snubbing member 15, and particularly snubbing surface 16 thereof is composed of any suitably hard material having suitably high heat-conductivity characteristics, usually a metal or alloy thereof.
  • Conventional steel draw pins often are suitable for such member and may be cut in halt ⁇ longitudinally and hollowed if necessary.
  • a semicylindrical snubbing surface is most convenient, as the strand does not wrap one or more turns about the member as is customary in conventional drawing operations with cylindrical draw pins but passes thereo-ver through a preferred angle of about a radian of arc, or at least about a half radian and at most about two radians.
  • a non-arcuate curved surface may be used, if desired.
  • the average radius of curvature of the snubbing member should be large with respect to the filamentary diameter of the strand, and for the purposes of this invention large means a minimum ratio of about one hundred times.
  • the snubbing member will be selected to have a radius of not less than about one centimeter nor more than about ten centimeters.
  • the strand may be a monolament or multilament and may range in size from as small as one or two to fifteen or more denier per filament. In the instance of multiiilament strands the total denier may be in the hundreds or even the thousands. In the instance of multifilament each component filament of the strand should have a diameter of at most about one one-hundredth of the radius of curvature of the snubbing surface. In the processing of large bundles of filaments it is preferred to Y spread them laterally by any suitable means to ensure that the individual filaments are gripped securely by the rolls and are brought into relatively good heat-exchanging relation to the heaters (when used) and the snubbing member.
  • Suitable temperatures or ranges thereof for the snubbing member and the preheater depend upon the strand composition, period of exposure thereto, and heattransfer characteristics. For example, an undrawn 6-nylon strand of forty-four hundred total denier and sixty-eight filaments was fed at two and one-half meters per minute and drawn at a rate of about ten meters per minute (4X draw) without preheating, through slightly more than 30 of arc over the surface of a cylindrical snubbing member having a diameter of about ten centimeters and maintained at a temperature of 20 to 25 C. It is estimated that the drawing momentarily increased the strand temperature to about l65 to 95 C.
  • Strand-crimping process comprising pulling a molecularly orientable textile strand past a snubbing location and snubbing it curvilinearly along one side at the snubbing location to draw it to increased length and thereby orient it, and simultaneously cooling the strand on that side at the snubbing location.
  • Strand-crimping process comprising heating a molecularly orientable textile strand substantially uniformly then, pulling it slidably over a curved snubbing surface to draw it to increased length and thereby orient it, and cooling the strand while in contact with the snubbing surface.
  • Strand-crimping process comprising pulling a molecularly orientable textile strand slidably through an angle of about one radian of arc about a curved snubbing surface to draw it to increased length and thereby orient it, and simultaneously cooling the strand While in Contact therewith.
  • Strand-crimping process comprising tensioning a molecularly orientable textile strand, pulling it slidably over a curved snubbing surface to draw it to increased length and thereby orient it, cooling the strand while in contact with the snubbing surface, and releasing the strand from the tension, whereupon it assumes a crimped configuration.
  • Strand-crimping process comprising tensioning a molecularly orientable textile strand, pulling it slidably over a curved snubbing surface to draw it to increased length and thereby orient it, cooling the strand while in contact with the snubbing surface, subsequently heating the strand, and releasing the strand from the tension, whereupon it assumes a crimped configuration.
  • Strand-crimping process comprising pulling a molecularly orientable textile strand slidably over from about one-third to two-thirds of a snubbing path curved through about a half circle of arc and characterized by an average radius of curvature large relative to the diameter of the strand, thereby tensioning the strand and drawing it to lncreased length and orienting it, and subsequently relaxing the strand whereupon it assumes a crimped configuraion.
  • Strand-crimping process comprising drawing and crimping a molecularly orientable textile strand by the steps of tensioning the strand, pulling it slidably over a curved snubbing path having an average radius of curvature large relative to the diameter of the strand at a rate effective to draw the strand to increased length and there.- by orient it, and subsequently heating the strand and releasing it from tension. whereupon it asumes a crimped configuration.
  • Strand-crimping process comprising heating a molecularly orientable textile strand substantially uniformly then, pulling it slidably over a curved snubbing surface to draw it to increased length and thereby orient it, the snubbing surface being part of a heat-conductive member, and cooling the heat-conductive member and thereby face thereof.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US476933A 1965-08-03 1965-08-03 Strand draw-crimping treatment Expired - Lifetime US3505444A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US47693365A 1965-08-03 1965-08-03
GB01167/68A GB1209816A (en) 1965-08-03 1968-03-07 Process and apparatus for the drawing and crimping of synthetic filaments
DET0036093 1968-03-16
CH394368A CH517844A (de) 1965-08-03 1968-03-18 Verfahren zum Verstrecken und Kräuseln eines unverstreckten oder teilweise verstreckten Textilfadens und Erzeugnis des Verfahrens
NL6803814A NL6803814A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1965-08-03 1968-03-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3505444A true US3505444A (en) 1970-04-07

Family

ID=36951538

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US476933A Expired - Lifetime US3505444A (en) 1965-08-03 1965-08-03 Strand draw-crimping treatment

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3505444A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (2) CH517844A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1660668A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1209816A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6803814A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4155973A (en) * 1976-07-19 1979-05-22 Klein Gerald B Process for the manufacture of a tapered leader
US4265849A (en) * 1979-05-29 1981-05-05 Phillips Petroleum Company Method for producing multifilament thermoplastic yarn having latent crimp

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4644621A (en) * 1983-01-31 1987-02-24 Allied Corporation Chilled yarn guide

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB328312A (en) * 1929-05-09 1930-04-22 British Celanese Improvements in or relating to artificial ribbons, tapes, straws, and the like and to the production thereof
GB558297A (en) * 1941-06-27 1943-12-30 Ici Ltd Improvements in and relating to the production of crimped threads or filaments
US2974391A (en) * 1955-11-30 1961-03-14 Ici Ltd Process and apparatus for making crimped filaments
US3113366A (en) * 1960-12-12 1963-12-10 Monsanto Chemicals Apparatus for texturizing filaments
US3233019A (en) * 1962-08-07 1966-02-01 Du Pont Process of multiple neck drawing while simultaneously infusing modifying agent
US3302385A (en) * 1961-08-26 1967-02-07 Ruddell James Nelson Modification of filaments
US3347036A (en) * 1958-01-13 1967-10-17 Techniservice Corp Helically convoluted strand
US3358345A (en) * 1958-01-13 1967-12-19 Techniservice Corp Process and apparatus for crimping strands
US3358344A (en) * 1958-01-13 1967-12-19 Techniservice Corp Process and apparatus for treating strands
US3374302A (en) * 1965-12-06 1968-03-19 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment process
US3374514A (en) * 1966-04-20 1968-03-26 Charles A. Mcclure Strand treatment

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB328312A (en) * 1929-05-09 1930-04-22 British Celanese Improvements in or relating to artificial ribbons, tapes, straws, and the like and to the production thereof
GB558297A (en) * 1941-06-27 1943-12-30 Ici Ltd Improvements in and relating to the production of crimped threads or filaments
US2974391A (en) * 1955-11-30 1961-03-14 Ici Ltd Process and apparatus for making crimped filaments
US3347036A (en) * 1958-01-13 1967-10-17 Techniservice Corp Helically convoluted strand
US3358345A (en) * 1958-01-13 1967-12-19 Techniservice Corp Process and apparatus for crimping strands
US3358344A (en) * 1958-01-13 1967-12-19 Techniservice Corp Process and apparatus for treating strands
US3113366A (en) * 1960-12-12 1963-12-10 Monsanto Chemicals Apparatus for texturizing filaments
US3302385A (en) * 1961-08-26 1967-02-07 Ruddell James Nelson Modification of filaments
US3233019A (en) * 1962-08-07 1966-02-01 Du Pont Process of multiple neck drawing while simultaneously infusing modifying agent
US3374302A (en) * 1965-12-06 1968-03-19 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment process
US3374514A (en) * 1966-04-20 1968-03-26 Charles A. Mcclure Strand treatment

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4155973A (en) * 1976-07-19 1979-05-22 Klein Gerald B Process for the manufacture of a tapered leader
US4265849A (en) * 1979-05-29 1981-05-05 Phillips Petroleum Company Method for producing multifilament thermoplastic yarn having latent crimp

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1209816A (en) 1970-10-21
CH394368A4 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-08-13
CH517844A (de) 1972-01-15
DE1660668A1 (de) 1971-10-28
NL6803814A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-09-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2974391A (en) Process and apparatus for making crimped filaments
US2991614A (en) False twisting apparatus for producing crimped filamentary materials
US2343351A (en) Method and apparatus for modifying textile fabrics
US4035879A (en) Apparatus for producing texturized yarns
US2987869A (en) Yarn crimping apparatus and methods
US3017684A (en) Textile materials and method of making the same
US3374302A (en) Strand treatment process
US3166822A (en) Method and apparatus for production of bulked yarn
US6477828B1 (en) Method of false twist texturing a synthetic yarn to a crimped yarn
US2869312A (en) Yarn heating apparatus
US3505444A (en) Strand draw-crimping treatment
US3435603A (en) Process and apparatus for producing torque in synthetic filaments,fibers and yarns
US3602951A (en) Apparatus for draw-crimping textile strands
US3317978A (en) Stretch yarn texturing process and apparatus
US3536807A (en) Strand treatment method
US3523345A (en) Yarn texturing method
US3237392A (en) Process for producing bulked yarn
US3528148A (en) Apparatus for strand treatment
US3924311A (en) Strand drawing and crimping treatment
GB1274854A (en) Improvements in or relating to the drawing and bulking of synthetic filament yarns
US3224068A (en) Process for imparting improved latent crimp to filaments
US3439391A (en) Apparatus and method for edgecrimping and/or heat treating yarn
US3601872A (en) Manufacture of crimped yarns
US3696601A (en) Textile heating and cooling
US3762147A (en) Apparatus of relaxing drawn high-polymeric filament threads