US3504558A - High-speed web feed escapement mechanism - Google Patents

High-speed web feed escapement mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
US3504558A
US3504558A US715063A US3504558DA US3504558A US 3504558 A US3504558 A US 3504558A US 715063 A US715063 A US 715063A US 3504558D A US3504558D A US 3504558DA US 3504558 A US3504558 A US 3504558A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pawl
web
ratchet wheel
feed
wheel
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US715063A
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English (en)
Inventor
Walter J Zenner
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Extel Corp
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Extel Corp
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Assigned to EXTEL CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE reassignment EXTEL CORPORATION, A CORP. OF DE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: EXTEL LEASING CORPORATION
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/06—Means for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion or vice versa
    • H02K7/065—Electromechanical oscillators; Vibrating magnetic drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H29/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with intermittently-driving members, e.g. with freewheel action
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H31/00—Other gearings with freewheeling members or other intermittently driving members
    • F16H31/003—Step-by-step mechanisms for rotary motion
    • F16H31/005—Step-by-step mechanisms for rotary motion with pawls driven by a reciprocating or oscillating transmission member
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K13/00—Conveying record carriers from one station to another, e.g. from stack to punching mechanism
    • G06K13/18—Conveying record carriers from one station to another, e.g. from stack to punching mechanism the record carrier being longitudinally extended, e.g. punched tape
    • G06K13/20—Details
    • G06K13/22—Capstans; Pinch rollers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/15—Intermittent grip type mechanical movement
    • Y10T74/1526—Oscillation or reciprocation to intermittent unidirectional motion
    • Y10T74/1553—Lever actuator
    • Y10T74/1555—Rotary driven element
    • Y10T74/1556—Multiple acting

Definitions

  • a reversible escapement mechanism to permit the feeding of a business machine tape, or other web, at high speeds, in opposed directions.
  • the requirement for operation of this kind may occur, for example, where certain machine instructions are to be performed on a repetitive basis or where detection of an error may require re-reading of data recorded on the tape.
  • Conventional high-speed escapement mechanisms in which both pawls serve to arrest rotation of the ratchet wheel, are not usually capable of reverse-direction operation.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a highspeed tape feed mechanism, controlled by a single pawl member, which advances a paper tape or like web in precisely controlled increments with the web movement constituting a continuous motion as the escapement goes through a full cycle of operation.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a new and improved precision high-speed web feeding device for telegraph recorders, business machines, and similar applications which incorporates an escapement mechanism that is quickly and easily reversible in its direction of rotation to permit reversal of the direction of web feed.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a highspeed precision web feeding device for telegraph recorders, business machines, and similar applications which is simple and durable in construction, which requires no critical adjustments, and which is capable of continuous reliable operation.
  • a high speed web-feeding device for rapidly advancing a paper tape or similar web by precisely controlled increments constructed in accordance with the present invention, comprises a rotary web-feed member including a ratchet wheel having a plurality of ratchet teeth around its circumference. Power means are provided for urging the rotary member toward rotation in a given direction.
  • a single pawl member is included in the device, this pawl member having first :and second pawl arms alternately engageable with circ'umferentially spaced teeth on the ratchet wheel.
  • each pawl arm has one tooth-engaging surface oriented to block movement of the ratchet wheel in one direction and another tooth-engaging surface oriented to receive a driving impulse from one of the ratchet wheel teeth, as the rotary member rotates, to drive the pawl arm out of engagement with the wheel and to move the other pawl arm back into engagement with the wheel.
  • the device further includes actuating means for momentarily actuating the pawl member tomove a first pawl arm out of engagement with the wheel and to move the second pawl arm toward engagement with the wheel, initiating a web feeding movement by permitting rotation of the Web feed member in the direction in which it is urged by the power means.
  • the power means can be made reversible to permit reversible operation of the web feeding device.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation view, partly in cross section, of a high-speed web feeding device constructed in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional elevation view taken approximately along line 22 in FIG. 1 and showing the web-feed member of the device in an arrested position;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional elevation view similar to FIG. 2 but showing the ratchet wheel of the device released for rotation;
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the electrical actuating signals required for reversible operation of the device of FIGS. 13;
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional elevation view, similar to FIG. 3, of a further embodiment of the invention particularly constructed for reversible operation.
  • the high-speed web feeding device includes a base 11 having a first standard 12 extending upwardly and supporting a driving electrical motor 13.
  • the output shaft 14 of motor 13 carries a firmly attached collar 15 which contains a hole for anchoring one end of a spring 16.
  • a second upwardly etending standard 17 on base 11 supports a fixed shaft 18 that is axially aligned with motor shaft 14.
  • a sleeve 19 is loosely fitted on shaft 18 for rotation thereon.
  • Sleeve 19 carries a feed roll 20 and a ratchet wheel 21, both being firmly attached to the sleeve.
  • Sleeve 19 roll 20, and ratchet wheel 21 conjointly constitute a rotary web-feed member 40.
  • a hole in the feed roll 20 provides an anchor point for the second end of spring 16.
  • a strip of paper tape or other web 22 to be fed engages the upper surface of feed roll 20, against which the Web is held by a pressure roll 23.
  • Pressure roll 23 is carried by a spring biased arm 24 which holds the pressure roll in position and presses it downwardly against web 22 and feed roll 20.
  • a pawl member 25 is pivotally mounted on a post 27 attached to upright 17.
  • Pawl 25 has a first pawl arm 26 which engages ratchet wheel 21 alternately with arm 26 but in a manner which does not arrest counterclockwise motion of the ratchet wheel 21.
  • a spring 29 biases pawl member 25 in a direction to maintain blocking engagement between pawl arm 26 and ratchet wheel 21.
  • An electromagnet 31 is mounted to base 11 and is fitted with a pivotally mounted armature 32.
  • the moving end of armature 32 engages a lever that is an integral part of pawl member 25.
  • a stop member 33 limits the upward motion of armature 32.
  • motor 13 In the operation of the high-speed tape feeding device 10, motor 13 is normally maintained energized and magnet 31 is normally not energized.
  • Motor 13 rotates in the direction shown by arrow C in FIG. 1, and winds spring 16 counterclockwise (arrow A, FIG. 2) until the resistance offered by spring 16 causes the motor to stall. If spring 16 subsequently becomes partially unwound, the motor again rotates to restore the spring to the fully wound condition. Because of its small size, it is practical to stall motor 13 with power or without damage to the motor.
  • Motor 13 and spring 16 constitute a power means continuously exerting a rotational force on the web-feed member comprising feed wheel 20 and ratchet wheel 21, tending to rotate the web-feed member in a counterclockwise direction (arrow A).
  • pawl member 25 With magnet armature 32 in the released position hown in FIG. 2, pawl member 25 is held by spring 29 with pawl arm 26 in engagement with ratchet wheel 21, blocking the ratchet wheel and feed wheel 20 from rotating.
  • the tooth-engaging surface 41 of pawl arm 26 is specifically oriented to block counterclockwise rotation of ratchet wheel 21.
  • a short electrical current impulse is sent through the winding of magnet 31, from an external source, not shown.
  • This causes armature 32 to move to its attracted position as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the armature 32 strikes lever 30 of pawl member 25 and causes pawl member 25 to rotate through a small angle.
  • Pawl arm 26 moves out of engagement with ratchet wheel 21 and the alternate pawl arm 28 moves into engagement with the ratchet wheel.
  • ratchet wheel 21 Upon being released by pawl arm 26, ratchet wheel 21 immediately starts to rotate, driven :by spring 16. The motion of the ratchet wheel 21 drives pawl arm 28 out of engagement and moves pawl arm 26 back toward engagement with the ratchet wheel.
  • the surface 42 of pawl arm 28 that is engaged by the ratchet wheel tooth, as the ratchet wheel rotates counterclockwise, is specifically oriented to receive a driving impulse from the ratchet wheel tooth tending to drive pawl arm 28 out of engagement with the ratchet wheel.
  • Spring 29 aids this action and finally holds pawl arm 25 in its arresting position.
  • pawl arm 25 drives magnet armature 32 to its released position against stop 33. A very short operating impulse is applied to magnet 31, so that the attracting force is no longer present when armature 32 starts its return movement toward its normal released position.
  • a short trigger pulse or signal thrctugh magnet 31 releases a flow of power from the driving motor 13 and spring 16 to rotate the Web feed member 40.
  • the relation between ratchet wheel 21 and pawl arm 28 is such that the driving force from motor 13 and spring 16 also operates to restore the escapement pawl 25 and magnet armature 32 to their normal released positions.
  • Motor 13 provides an abundant source of mechanical power; however, the inertia of the motor armature makes it virtually impossible to rotate the motor shaft in the short fast steps required for precision, high-speed, incremental advance of web 22. It is the function of spring 16 to transmit the motor torque to the feed wheel 20 and also, since the inertia of spring 16 is very small, to de-couple feed wheel 20 from the inertia of motor 13.
  • FIG. 2 the escapement 10 is shown in its arrested state and in FIG. 3 it is shown released for counterclockwise rotation. If the direction of rotation of motor 13 is reversed, then FIG. 3 becomes an illustration of the arrested state, with magnet 31 energized to maintain the normal rest condition. If the direction of rotation is reversed, FIG. 2 becomes an illustration of the released state for the web feed device, with the current through magnet 21 momentarily interrupted to provide the requisite actuation signal.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the complementary nature of the electrical signals required for reversible operation of webfeed device 10'.
  • short electrical energizing signals 45 are applied to electromagnet 31.
  • Each signal pulse 45 initiates a signal incremental advance of the paper tape or other web.
  • the pulses need not be regularly spaced in time. They should be short enough in duration, however, to de-energize the electromagnet before armature 32 is driven back to stop 33 (from the position of FIG. 3 to that of FIG. 2) by the rotation of lever 30 effected by the ratchet wheel engaging pawl arm 28.
  • electromagnet 31 For operation in the reverse direction (opposite to arrow A, FIG. 2) electromagnet 31 is normally energized with a current 46 (FIG. 4) adequate to hold armature 32 in the depressed position of FIG. 3.
  • the current 46 is interrupted briefly as shown by pulses 47 in FIG. 4.
  • the signal pulses 47 are the complement of the signal pulses 45 used for forward movement of the web. Pulses 47 are short enough so that magnet 31 is again energized in time to bring its armature back to the position of FIG. 3 to prevent more than one cycle of web movement.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a further embodiment of the invention that does not require the change in electromagnet actuating signals required for device 10.
  • the high-speed web feeding device 50 shown in FIG. 5 is essentially similar to device (FIGS. 1-3) except that spring 29 and stop 33 are omitted and a second electromagnet 35 is added in operative relation to armature 32, magnet 35 being located above the armature.
  • a second lever 34 is provided on the pawl member 25A; lever 34 engages the upper end of armature 32 as shown in FIGS.
  • each pawl has a blocking surface for a given direction of rotation of the ratchet wheel; these are the surface 41 on pawl arm 26 (for clockwise rotation) and the surface 44 on pawl arm 28 (for counterclockwise rotation).
  • Each pawl arm also has an impulse receiving surface that drives the pawl arm away from the ratchet wheel when engaged by a ratchet tooth; these are the surface 43 on pawl arm 26 (for counterclockwise rotation) and the surface 42 on pawl arm 28 (for clockwise rotation).
  • feed roll 20 is shown driving the tape or other web 22 by friction. It is quite apparent that a sprocket wheel can be substituted for the friction wheel and the feed system may then be used to feed tape or film having sprocket holes. It is also quite evident that a pair of sprocket wheels can be employed to advance a web having two feed hole tracks, as in the case of some motion picture film.
  • the invention may be used in a tape printer with the friction feed as shown or in a tape perforator or tape reader with a sprocket type feed wheel.
  • two feed wheels may be spaced an appreciable distance apart to advance a sheet of paper in a typewriter, teleprinter, or accounting machine.
  • a high-speed web feeding device for telegraph records, business machines, and similar applications requiring rapid web advancement by precisely controlled, increments comprising:
  • a rotary web-feed member including a ratchet wheel having a plurality of ratchet teeth around the circumference of the Wheel;
  • power means comprising a motor and a drive coupling connecting said motor to said rotary member, continuously urging said rotary member toward rotation in a given direction;
  • a pawl member independent of said power means, having first and second pawl arms alternately engageable with circumferentially spaced teeth on said ratchet wheel, said first pawl arm having a tooth-engaging surface oriented to block movement of said ratchet wheel in said given direction;
  • actuating means for momentarily actuating said pawl member to move said first pawl arm out of engagement with said wheel and to move said second pawl arm toward engagement with said wheel to thereby initiate a web feeding movement by releasing said rotary web-feed member for rotation in said given direction in response to said power means;
  • said second pawl arm having a tooth-engaging surface oriented to receive a driving impulse from one of said ratchet wheel teeth, when said rotary member rotates in said given direction, driving said second arm out of engagement with said wheel and moving said first arm back into engagement with said wheel to again block movement of said ratchet wheel.
  • a high-speed web feeding device in which said power means comprises an electrical motor with a limited torque and a resilient torque-transmitting drive coupling between said motor and said rotary web-feed member.
  • each of said first and second pawl arms has one tooth-engaging surface oriented to block movement of said ratchet wheel in one direction and another toothengaging surface oriented to drive that pawl arm out of engagement with said ratchet wheel in response to rotation of said ratchet wheel, the directions being opposite for said first and second pawl arms, and said power means being reversible to drive said rotary member in either direction, permitting precision incremental movement of said web in either of two opposed directions.
  • a high-speed web feeding device in which said pawl member is pivotally mounted adjacent said ratchet wheel, and in which said first and second pawl arms are symmetrically oriented relative to the pivotal axis of said pawl member.
  • a high-speed web feeding device in which said actuating means comprises an electromagnet having a movable armature engaged with said pawl member, said actuating means, when said electromagnet is changed between an energized and a de-energized condition, effectively moving said armature to release said first pawl arm blocking surface from engagement with said ratchet wheel and allow rotation of said rotary web-feed member.
  • a high-speed web feeding device in which said power means is reversible in direction, in which each pawl arm includes both a blocking surface and a driving impulse surface, and in which energization of said electromagnet releases said first pawl arm blocking surface to permit rotation of said rotary web-feed member in one direction and de-energization of said electromagnet releases said second pawl arm blocking surface to permit rotation of said rotary web-feed member in the opposite direction.
  • a high-speed web feeding device in which said actuating means comprises two electromagnets arranged to drive a single armature in opposed directions, said armature being operatively connected to said pawl member.
  • a high speed web feeding device in which said power means is reversible in direction; in

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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US715063A 1968-03-21 1968-03-21 High-speed web feed escapement mechanism Expired - Lifetime US3504558A (en)

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US71506368A 1968-03-21 1968-03-21

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3626452A (en) * 1970-01-14 1971-12-07 Cutler Hammer Inc Multiposition bidirectional rotary means for a switch or the like
EP0069425A3 (de) * 1981-07-02 1985-07-17 Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH Vorrichtung zum Drehen einer in einem evakuierten Glasrohr eingeschlossenen Sonnenschutzlamelle
US20030227163A1 (en) * 2002-06-05 2003-12-11 Tetsuya Murakami Collapsible telescopic steering apparatus
WO2015056114A1 (en) * 2013-10-15 2015-04-23 Centrum Badan Kosmicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk Mechanism, method and escapement wheel for controlling rotational motion

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2328640C2 (ru) * 2006-07-17 2008-07-10 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Курганский государственный университет Импульсный привод

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US810780A (en) * 1901-12-24 1906-01-23 Wladimir Lorenc Power-transmitter.
US1128922A (en) * 1914-05-12 1915-02-16 Jasper J Walk Automobile driving mechanism.
US1150483A (en) * 1914-05-25 1915-08-17 Albert E Barber Shaft-coupling.
US1979028A (en) * 1932-10-20 1934-10-30 Teleregister Corp Pawl and ratchet mechanism
US2530961A (en) * 1947-07-19 1950-11-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Stepping device
US2586040A (en) * 1949-11-21 1952-02-19 White & Co Ltd Samuel Ratchet gearing
US2868026A (en) * 1957-08-22 1959-01-13 Mallory & Co Inc P R Intermittent driving mechanism

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US810780A (en) * 1901-12-24 1906-01-23 Wladimir Lorenc Power-transmitter.
US1128922A (en) * 1914-05-12 1915-02-16 Jasper J Walk Automobile driving mechanism.
US1150483A (en) * 1914-05-25 1915-08-17 Albert E Barber Shaft-coupling.
US1979028A (en) * 1932-10-20 1934-10-30 Teleregister Corp Pawl and ratchet mechanism
US2530961A (en) * 1947-07-19 1950-11-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Stepping device
US2586040A (en) * 1949-11-21 1952-02-19 White & Co Ltd Samuel Ratchet gearing
US2868026A (en) * 1957-08-22 1959-01-13 Mallory & Co Inc P R Intermittent driving mechanism

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3626452A (en) * 1970-01-14 1971-12-07 Cutler Hammer Inc Multiposition bidirectional rotary means for a switch or the like
EP0069425A3 (de) * 1981-07-02 1985-07-17 Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH Vorrichtung zum Drehen einer in einem evakuierten Glasrohr eingeschlossenen Sonnenschutzlamelle
US20030227163A1 (en) * 2002-06-05 2003-12-11 Tetsuya Murakami Collapsible telescopic steering apparatus
WO2015056114A1 (en) * 2013-10-15 2015-04-23 Centrum Badan Kosmicznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk Mechanism, method and escapement wheel for controlling rotational motion
JP2016538206A (ja) * 2013-10-15 2016-12-08 セントラム バダン コズミッチュニック ポルシュキ アカデミー ナウクＣｅｎｔｒｕｍ Ｂａｄａｎ Ｋｏｓｍｉｃｚｎｙｃｈ Ｐｏｌｓｋｉｅｊ Ａｋａｄｅｍｉｉ Ｎａｕｋ 回転運動を制御する機構、方法及びがんぎ車

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GB1237976A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-07-07

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Owner name: EXTEL CORPORATION, 4000 COMMERCIAL AVE., NORTHBROO

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:EXTEL LEASING CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004035/0262

Effective date: 19820831