US3504375A - Quantized phase-shifter using coaxial line shunt-loaded with diode-capacitor groups,each having tuned stubs - Google Patents

Quantized phase-shifter using coaxial line shunt-loaded with diode-capacitor groups,each having tuned stubs Download PDF

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Publication number
US3504375A
US3504375A US701884A US3504375DA US3504375A US 3504375 A US3504375 A US 3504375A US 701884 A US701884 A US 701884A US 3504375D A US3504375D A US 3504375DA US 3504375 A US3504375 A US 3504375A
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Prior art keywords
diode
phase
shifter
loaded
coaxial line
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Expired - Lifetime
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US701884A
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English (en)
Inventor
Claude H Beaugrand
Bernard P Robin
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Thales SA
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CSF Compagnie Generale de Telegraphie sans Fil SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
    • H01P1/185—Phase-shifters using a diode or a gas filled discharge tube

Definitions

  • a quantized phase-shifter for coaxial lines of the type including diode-capacitor groups, each group comprising a short-circuited coaxial stub in parallel with the line and at least two identical diode-capacitor assemblies. This phase-shifter provides a constant phase-shift within a given ultra-high frequency band.
  • the present invention relates to a quantized phaseshifter.
  • Quantized phase-shifters presently known generally present substantial phase variations as a function of the frequency.
  • the only phase-shifter with a phase-shift which is constant within the whole of a given frequency band is a reciprocal phase-shifter operating by reflection and comprising transformers which makes it cumbersome and limits the pass band.
  • phase-shifter for coaxial lines having an inner conductor and an outer conductor, said phase-shifter comprising:
  • a plurality of groups each of which comprises a shortcircuited coaxial stub in parallel with said line and at least two identical assemblies, each including in series a diode and a capacitor mounted in parallel between said inner and outer conductors;
  • And voltage supply means for selectively blocking or making conductive simultaneously the diodes of each group.
  • FIG. 1 is a basic diagram of a phase-shifter according to the invention
  • FIGS. 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, are explanatory diagrams
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the invention.
  • the diode D which may be of the PIN type, is placed in series with a capacitor C in parallel between the inner and outer conductors L and L of the coaxial line L.
  • the stub S is mounted in parallel.
  • means M are provided for blocking or making conductive simultaneously the diodes of each group, the groups being independent of each other in this respect.
  • each group should consist of at least two such assemblies so that the standing wave ratios of the elementary phaseshifters may compensate each other within each group.
  • p will vary between 2 and 4.
  • the means M which do not form, as such, a part of the invention, being well known per se, comprise, for example, an electric energy source and a distributor with n outputs, connected respectively to the 11 groups, with automatic or manual control. Such means are also used for controlling quantized diode phase-shifters of known type and will therefore not be described in detail.
  • the components of the different groups are identical or not, according to whether one or more values of quantized phase-shifting steps are desired.
  • phase-shifter group The operation of a phase-shifter group will be better understood by reference to FIGS. 2a and 2b on the one hand, and 3a and 3b on the other hand, showing, respectively, the equivalent diagrams of the phase-shifter in the conducting and blocked states.
  • the diode is equivalent to a low resistance r, and this diode is in series with the capacitor C (FIG. 2a).
  • the stub is then equivalent to a high impedance in parallel with the capacitance, and the assembly is equivalent to the diagram in FIG. 2b, that is to say to a simple capacitance C.
  • the diode is equivalent to a capacitance i and is in series with the capacitor C and the equivalent impedance of the stub, represented by the reactances 1a, 1b, 1c and the capacitance d, must be taken into consideration; the assembly is equivalent to an antiresonance circuit as in FIG. 3b, comprising in parallel a reactance L and a capacitance C.
  • the assembly E is equivalent to different circuits and introduces therefore a different phase-shift.
  • phase-shift introduced by the stub is defined simply by the capacitance C, and the resistor r
  • phase-shift (p is that caused by an anti-resonance circuit loaded by the characteristic impedance of the line L.
  • the function p (F), F being the frequency, is substantially of the form are tg, whose characteristics are defined by those of the different elements, the electrical values and the geometrical arrangement. In particular by adjusting the latter, it can be obtained that near F i.e., near the center frequency of the pass band, this characteristic is substantially of the same slope as that of the circuit with the diode open. It follows then that:
  • phase-shift which is independent of the frequency
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show, respectively, a longitudinal section and a transverse cross-section of an embodiment of a phase-shifter according to the invention comprising a coaxial line with an inner conductor L and an outer conductor L
  • the figures show only a single cell with two elements, and all cells have the same construction except for the number p of assemblies and the characteristics of the elements.
  • the fixed capacitance is formed by a dielectric element and a first armature 7;, connected directly to the diode D a second armature formed by the inner conductor-L
  • the armature '7 is connected to the inner conductor of the stub 6 which forms, with the short-circuit 9, the conductor 3, and the conductor 11, which may be equipped with cooling ribs, the supply circuit of the diode, con.- nected to the means M.
  • the stub is closed by the short-circuit 9 whose position is adjustable which connects its inner conductor 6 to its outer conductor 8.
  • the stub is equivalent to a shortcircuited coaxial line whose length varies with the elements used and the application-domain, and may reach x/ 4.
  • an insulating plug and an insulating cylinder ensuring the insulation of the diode from ground represented by the outer conductor L
  • the supply conductor 3, the insulator 7 and the outer conductor 12 form an open coaxial line, which line, with low impedance and an electrical length equivalent to M 4, short circuits high frequency currents.
  • FIG. 6 shows in cross-section another embodiment, wherein a three-plate line L, is used.
  • the end of the diode located adjacent to the outer body of the line L is grounded.
  • L D 7' designate, in a similar manner, the center strip of the transmission line, the diode, the armature of the capacitor on the diode side, and the stub.
  • the diode tip is connected to one of the outer conductors L' of the three-plate line, the other outer conductor being represented at L" and e c and e' represent, respectively, the dielectric layer on which the core L' is photoengraved and the two other layers of the dielectric of the line, the layer 2 forming also the insulators of the capacitor.
  • the second connection of the diode is formed by a conductor 6, also photoengraved, connected to the armature 7' and forming the center strip of a stub, S
  • a wave trap may be provided.
  • the mounting is matched.
  • the spacing d between the two assemblies forming one group is adjusted so as to prevent the formation of standing waves in direct polarization. It depends on the number of assemblies and on their characteristics.
  • T.E.M. lines whether coaxial with circular, square, rectangular, concentrical 0r excentric cross-section, in the form of three-plate elements with constant distribution or not, or even with lines with mixed propagation or so-called microstrip, the essence of the invention being in the use of a stub placed in shunt and with at least two assemblies per group.
  • voltage supply means for selectively blocking or making conductive simultaneously the diodes of each group.

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  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
US701884A 1967-02-09 1968-01-31 Quantized phase-shifter using coaxial line shunt-loaded with diode-capacitor groups,each having tuned stubs Expired - Lifetime US3504375A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR94348A FR1517970A (fr) 1967-02-09 1967-02-09 Déphaseur à diodes

Publications (1)

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US3504375A true US3504375A (en) 1970-03-31

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US701884A Expired - Lifetime US3504375A (en) 1967-02-09 1968-01-31 Quantized phase-shifter using coaxial line shunt-loaded with diode-capacitor groups,each having tuned stubs

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US (1) US3504375A (xx)
DE (1) DE1293265B (xx)
FR (1) FR1517970A (xx)
GB (1) GB1179196A (xx)
NL (1) NL6801755A (xx)
SE (1) SE338078B (xx)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4275366A (en) * 1979-08-22 1981-06-23 Rca Corporation Phase shifter

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4544902A (en) * 1983-12-21 1985-10-01 Tektronix, Inc. Mount for millimeter wave application
GB8416143D0 (en) * 1984-06-25 1984-08-01 Gen Electric Co Plc Phase shifting devices

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2414541A (en) * 1943-07-31 1947-01-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electronic frequency multiplier
US3246265A (en) * 1963-02-11 1966-04-12 Trak Microwave Corp Stripline variable capacitance diode phase shifter
US3290624A (en) * 1964-02-10 1966-12-06 Microwave Ass Phase shifter in iterative circuits using semiconductors
US3436691A (en) * 1966-12-30 1969-04-01 Texas Instruments Inc Diode loaded line phase shifter
US3454906A (en) * 1967-05-02 1969-07-08 Texas Instruments Inc Bisected diode loaded line phase shifter

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2414541A (en) * 1943-07-31 1947-01-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electronic frequency multiplier
US3246265A (en) * 1963-02-11 1966-04-12 Trak Microwave Corp Stripline variable capacitance diode phase shifter
US3290624A (en) * 1964-02-10 1966-12-06 Microwave Ass Phase shifter in iterative circuits using semiconductors
US3436691A (en) * 1966-12-30 1969-04-01 Texas Instruments Inc Diode loaded line phase shifter
US3454906A (en) * 1967-05-02 1969-07-08 Texas Instruments Inc Bisected diode loaded line phase shifter

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4275366A (en) * 1979-08-22 1981-06-23 Rca Corporation Phase shifter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE338078B (xx) 1971-08-30
GB1179196A (en) 1970-01-28
NL6801755A (xx) 1968-08-12
DE1293265B (de) 1969-04-24
FR1517970A (fr) 1968-03-22

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