US3503232A - Yarn dyeing - Google Patents

Yarn dyeing Download PDF

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Publication number
US3503232A
US3503232A US527129A US3503232DA US3503232A US 3503232 A US3503232 A US 3503232A US 527129 A US527129 A US 527129A US 3503232D A US3503232D A US 3503232DA US 3503232 A US3503232 A US 3503232A
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yarns
cams
warp
dye
switch
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US527129A
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English (en)
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William Greenhalgh Farrer
Brian Hargreaves
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Stalwart Dyeing Co Ltd
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Stalwart Dyeing Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B11/00—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing
    • D06B11/002—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of moving yarns
    • D06B11/0026—Treatment of selected parts of textile materials, e.g. partial dyeing of moving yarns by spaced contacts with a member carrying a single treating material

Definitions

  • space-dyeing method of colouring yarns is in fact no recent development and particular methods of spacedyeing yarns have long formed a part of the published literature on dyeing techniques, as, for example, U.S. Patents Nos. 864,312, 1,195,322 and 2,573,097 show.
  • the methods described in British patent specifications Nos. 783,134 and 900,341 are recent contributions to the literature on space-dyeing and British patent specification No. 938,734 describes some recent developments in spacedyeing equipment and techniques.
  • a large number of yarns are passed in parallel and coplanar arrangement (that is to say, as a warp) in succession over a series of dye applicators that are charged with dyes of varying colours.
  • the warp of yarns is controlled during its passage over the dye applicators so as to maintain it normally clear of the surfaces of the dye applicators and when it is desired to colour any portion of the warp of yarns the yarns of the warp are depressed by presser members so as to cause that part of the warp to be pressed down against the surface of an appropriate dye applicator.
  • British patent specification No. 938,734 shows, printing of individual yarns as well as all yarns collectively and simultaneously is possible.
  • Prior art space-dyeing apparatus such as that referred to above is generally capable of applying different colours to yarns with a short pattern repeat length only owing to the limitations of the pattern control mechanism which actuates the presser rollers.
  • This mechanism comprises two groups of switches, one switch from each group being in series with one switch from the other group and in the energising circuit of an electro-magnetic valve associated with a pneumatic actuator for one of the presser rollers.
  • the two groups of switches are activated by two groups of switch-activating devices containing on the surface thereof switch-activating means to open and close switches in their associated groups.
  • the switch activating devices in each group are rotated at the same speed and provision is made for the cams of one group to rotate at a different speed from those in the other group.
  • the means for rotating the dye-applicator rolls may take any suitable form, such, for example, as a chain and sprocket wheel drive system or a belt drive system coupled to the out-put shaft of a variable-speed electric motor.
  • the warp-advancing and -tensioning means advantageously comprises a pair of rotatably-driven Winches whose blades intermesh with each other and make only line contact with the warp of coloured yarns leaving the dye-applicator rolls.
  • the apparatus is usable with any yarn supply means such as a Warp beam on which the yarns of the entire of yarns are wound side-by-side, or creels, cheeses, packages, cones or bobbins from which individual yarns are drawn.
  • Any of the variety of means presently employed for tensioning a warp of yarns may be employed as part of the warp-advancing and -tensioning means.
  • Advantageously such tensioning means comprises individual devices for controlling the tensions of individual yarns.
  • Each Warp presser roller and each dye-applicator roll are advantageously of small diameter (say up to 11/2-2 inches in diameter) in order to permit short bands of colour with well-defined ends to be applied to the warp of yarns as well as, in the case of the presser roller, to reduce stresses on the pneumatic-activating means therefor to a minimum.
  • the presser rollers are advantageously freely rotatable.
  • the pneumatic activating means for each presser roller advantageously comprises a piston and cylinder arrangement in which gas supply lconduits lead to both ends of the cylinder permitting the piston (and hence the presser roller fixed thereto) to be positively driven under pneumatic pressure in both directions.
  • the presser rollers may be acted upon by resilient means arranged to assist or cause the presser rollers to return to their inoperative positions.
  • Each pneumatic activating means is advantageously capable of developing full applied pneumatic pressure only slowly and over the final stage of movement of its associated presser roller into its operative position.
  • each piston and cylinder arrangement may be provided with a pressure-responsive bleed valve that controls either the rate of escape of exhaust gas from a closed chamber on the side of the piston opposite to where pneumatic pressure for printing is applied or the rate of buildup of the contained gas pressure.
  • full pneumatic pressure may be, and advantageously is, applied at the outset.
  • each presser roller is driven by two such piston and cylinder arrangements acting in consort at opposite ends of the roller.
  • the second switch group of the pattern control means includes several switches (there may be one for each switch of the first switch group) so that variations in the lengths and positions of several or all applied colours is possible. Even so, the pattern may include regularly occurring white regions. This situation is obtainable by arranging that, for a given lineal speed of travel of the Warp or yarns, the first switch group and associated group of rotary switch-activating members could not (if they alone determined when the presser rollers were raised and lowered) colour the whole of the yarns in substantially touching bands of applied colours.
  • Such deliberately left white regions permit Very attractive contrast effects to be obtained when a bright colour (say orange or yellow) is to be used with more subdued colours (say two different shades of green) because it is readily possible to arrange for recurrent short bands (spots) of the bright colour to be set in white ground.
  • the short bands of bright colour may be invariant in length. It will of course be realised that there is no reason why every dye-applicator roll must apply dye in use.
  • the rotary switch-activating members may advantageously be rotary cams whose followers are resiliently urged against the surfaces of their respective cams and, in the course of their reciprocating motion, open and close associated switches.
  • a most suitable form of cam is one formed of ya cylinder having a circumferential series of closely spaced holes or recesses, which are preferably internally screw-threaded, and into which are fitted, say by screwing, stub members that outstand from the curved surface of the cylinder and so provide the raised portions of the cam track.
  • the stub members eg. short screws
  • the cylinders on which the rotary cams are formed can be fixed independently in ⁇ any desired rotary position on a common drive shaft.
  • An alternative form of rotary Switch-activating member is one formed of a cylinder of current-conducting material a desired proportion of the circumference of which is insulated and the exposed portion of which forms one contact of its associated switch; a'current-conducting shoe that bears against the surface of the cylinder as it rotates provides the outer contact of the associated switch.
  • each entire group of switchlactivating members of a single cylinder on side-by-side tracks of which an appropriate number of shoe contacts run and surrounding which is a ⁇ sleeve of suitable patterncontrolling material that provides insulation only where desired over each shoe track.
  • the arrangement of the pattern control means may be such that each group of rotary switch activating members causes its associated switches to open and close once only per revolution thereof.
  • each group of rotary switch activating members causes its associated switches to open and close once only per revolution thereof.
  • all the said particular members are in the same group, but, as described hereinafter, interesting effects are obtainable when this is not the case.
  • the said particular members are all in the same group, for there to be no overlap of applied colours, it is necessary for the sum of the lengths of times for which the said particular rotary switch-activating members maintain their respective associated switches in positions in which they permit warp printing to be, in theory, not greater than and, in practice, at least a little less than the period of revolution of the group of the said particular numbers.
  • each rotary switchactivating member opens and closes its associated switch say 3 to 6 times during each revolution and different switches of any group of switches may be opened and closed different numbers of times per revolution of the associated group of rotary switch-activating members; in particular cases this may be equivalent to, though simpler to arrange than, rotating different rotary switchactivating members in either group at rates that are small multiples one of another.
  • the switches of each pair of series-arranged switches may open and close different numbers of times per revolution of one of their rotary switch-activatin g members.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic side view of a space-dyeing apparatus
  • FIGURE 2 is a more detailed side view of the printing station of FIGURE 1;
  • FIGURE 3 is a diagrammatic representation of the pattern control mechanism of FIGURE 2.
  • a warp of yarn, 1 passes around two pairs of non-contacting felt covered rolls, the pairs of rolls being coupled for rotation in the same directions at equal peripheral speeds through a suitable drive-transmission system to variable speed electric motor.
  • the warp passes through the printing portion of the apparatus to a pair of Winches, 4, having blades which intermesh and which withdraw the horizontal warp of yarns from the second pair of felt covered rolls, 3, through the printing portion of the apparatus.
  • the Winches are arranged to be driven at the same effective peripheral speed as the felt covered rolls.
  • the warp printing portion consists of four dye-applicator rolls, 5, having parallel axes and spaced 6 inches apart.
  • the rolls are 1% inches in daimeter and are each covered with a thick layer of dye-liquor absorbent polyurethane foam and have their lowermost portions dipping into dye-troughs, 6.
  • the dye-applicator rolls are severally coupled through a suitable drive-transmission system to a variable speed electric motor, 7, for rotation at the same peripheral speed and in the same sense as the pairs of felt covered rolls.
  • each dye-applicator roll is a warp presser roll, 12, of 3% diameter and associated pneumatic actuation means.
  • the warp presser roll is freely rotatable and is supported with its axis parallel to the axis of the dyeapplicator roll and coupled to a pair of vertically extending thrust bars which are rigidly connected for vertical reciprocation to respective pistons of a pair of pistons and cylinder arrangements, 13 (only one of each pair of piston and cylinder arrangements being shown).
  • each such pneumatic arrangement is at a convenient fixed level, having regard to the stroke length of the piston, above the underlying dye-applicator roll and has gas-supply pipes leading to both ends so as to enable the piston to 4be driven under pneumatic pressure in both directions.
  • lRespective gas supply pipes of the two piston and cylinder arrangements of each pair lead via gas-flow junctions to different exit ports of the same twoway electromagnetically-actuated slide valve, a third port of which would, when in use, be placed in constant communication with a source of gas under pressure.
  • the arrangement of the valve is such that in different positions of the valve different ones of the two exit ports communicate with the third port; when an exit po rt is not in communication with the third port it is open to the atmosphere.
  • the cylinders are fitted with bleed valves that, Without hindering the rapid supply of gas under pressure to the undersides of the pistons, hinder the exhaust of gas from the undersides of the pistons in order to cause a more gentle lowering of each pressure roller onto the spongy dye-saturated surface of its underlying dye-applicator roll so as to avoid dye-liquor splashing.
  • the presser rollers reciprocate in vertical planes somerwhat displaced, in the direction in which the warp of yarns would travel, from vertical planes through the dye-applicator roller axes.
  • Each dye-trough, 6, is part of a dye-liquor ilow system comprising a dye-liquor reservoir, 8, equipped with thermostatically controlled heater, a constant head dyeliquor feed tank, 9, from whch each trough, 6, is supplied with dye-liquor, a pump, 10, for conveying the dye-liquor from the reservoir to the constant head feed tank, 9, under a number of flow pipes, 11, for transferring dye-liquor between the reservoir, feed tank and trough.
  • a steam chamber 15, into which the Warp passes and where it is steam set and the dye xed.
  • the yarn then passes to a plurality of wash tanks 17 in a Washing station and finally to a drying apparatus 21.
  • the washing station and drying apparatus form no part of this invention and may be of conventional construction.
  • the pattern control mechanism which controls the actions of the presser rollers via the piston and cylinder arrangements, 13, is shown diagrammatically in FIGURE 3.
  • the pattern control mechanism comprises a imain supply current distribution channel from which energising circuits in the electro-magnetically actuated yalves are laid in parallel.
  • energising circuits in each of the energising circuits are pairs of micro switches 27-28, 29-30, 31-32 and 33-34, the switches of each pair being connected in series with one another, and each switch being opened and closed by a rocking switch arm.
  • the switches are arranged in two groups 27-29-31-33 and 28-30-32-34, each group thus containing one switch of every pair.
  • Each switch arm carries a follower roller R that is resiliently urged against a rotary cam, these cams being arranged in two groups 35-37-39-41 and 36-38-40-42.
  • the two groups of cams are mounted on individual drive shafts which also carry sprockets 44 and 45 with a linking chain, 46.
  • the lower shaft is driven via sprocket, 47, and coupling, 48, by a variable speed electric motor (not shown).
  • the sprockets, 44 and 45 have different numbers of teeth in order that the one group of cams may be rotated faster than the other group.
  • Each pair of series-connected switches controls the position of one of the presser rolls 12 through the respective electrically actuated piston and cylinder unit 13, the electrical connections being shown schematically at 102 in FIGURE 2.
  • the units 13 assume a raised position when their respective circuit 102 is open.
  • Each switch opens upon contact of its arm with a raised portion of its cam with the result that the position of each unit depends on the position of its two cams.
  • the cams are each formed of a short right-circular cylindrical shell around the periphery of which are tapped a series of closely spaced holes (say 5-6 holes per inch of circumference) into which, as and where desired, are screwed stub screws (say inch 4 B.A. Allen screws) which serve to form the raised portion or portions of the cam track.
  • the cams are accordingly extremely versatile and afford a ready means of causing warp-patterning in any of a very wide range of patterns.
  • cams of the two groups it is in most cases convenient to arrange the profiles of the cams of the two groups so that one group of cams determines the basic kind of pattern to be applied to the warp of yarns and the other group of cams determines where and what proportion or proportions of the potentially warp-printing portion or portions of the periphery of each cam of the rst group are to be rendered inelfectve during any revolution.
  • the cams of the rst group of cams will be referred to as the pattern cams and the cams of the second group as the randomising cams.
  • the first arrangement is one in which four pattern cams are employed, designated a, b, c, and d, which are in the controls of consecutive presser rollers and which could,
  • cam a has a raised profile between approximately 270 and 350 of arc
  • cam b has a raised profile between approximately 90 and 160 of arc
  • cam c has a raised prole between approximately 270 and 340 of arc
  • cam d has a raised prole between approximately 90 and 96 of arc.
  • a suitable rate of rotation of the cams is 4.48 r.p.m. when the apparatus is arranged to advance -a warp of yarns at 4 yards per minute and the adjacent dyeapplicator rolls are 6 inches apart.
  • Three randomising cams are employed and are designated a', b, and c', associated respectively with pattern cams a, b, and c.
  • Each randomising cam has a raised portion which effects opening of its associated switch so as to open the energising circuit to the electromagnetic valve means and thereby to prevent warp-printing.
  • the raised portions of the randomising cams extend over about 30 of arc and are suitably staggered. As already stated, the randomising cams rotate 1.27 times per revolution of the pattern cams.
  • the second arrangement is one in which four pattern cams, designated a, b, c, and d, are employed which are in the controls of consecutive warp presser rollers and the raised portions of the profiles of which are potentially warp-printing.
  • the angular extents and relative positions of the cams are as follows.
  • Cam a has a raised prole between about 210 and 245 of arc;
  • cam b has a raised profile between about 285 and 320 of arc;
  • cam c has a raised prole between and 45 of arc;
  • cam d has a raised profile between about 90 and 135 of arc.
  • the pattern cams may suitably revolve at r.p.m. when the warp of yarns advances at a lineal speed of 4 yards per minute and adjacent dye applicator rolls are spaced 6 inches apart. Then the pattern cams are potentially able to effect application of colour to the entire length of the warp of yarns.
  • each pattern cam Associated with each pattern cam is a randomising cam whose raised portion extends over about 20 of arc and effects opening of its associated switch so as to prevent warp printing.
  • the raised portions of the randomising cams are suitably staggered.
  • the randomising cams are arranged to revolve 1.27 times per revolution of the pattern cams.
  • the third arrangement is more complex.
  • cams of each pair opening and closing switches in series in the same energising circuit.
  • one cam of each pair is arranged to revolve 1.27 times per revolution of the other cam.
  • the more slowly revolving cams are designated a, b, and c, and their associated more quickly revolving cams are designated a', b', and c', respectively.
  • cams a, b, and c (not c) effect closure of the switches associated with those cams so permitting warp-printing.
  • the raised portions of cams a', b', and c effect opening of the switches associated with those cams so as to prevent warp-printing.
  • Cams c and c' control the working of the rst warp presser roller in the direction of travel of the warp of yarns.
  • Cams raised (the position of each follower roller being 0/360) a -130, 22o-245, 32o-350. a. 0-10, 90-95, 110-115, 195-200, 30o-305, 32o-325.
  • cams a, b, and c of cylinders that are 3 inches in diameter and are each drilled with a series of 49 regularly spaced tapped holes as a complete annulus around the cylinder circumference (this implies a hole every 3/16 inch, approximately). make the holes of such diameter as to receive 4 B.A. Allen screws.
  • cams d', b, and c' of cylinders that are 31/2 inches in diameter and are each drilled with a series of 58 regularly spaces tapped as a complete annulus around the cylinder circumference.
  • the resultant pattern is one which can for practical purposes be regarded as being composed of randomly varying amounts of two colours which do not overlap superposed against a background of both white regions and randomly occurring regions of an applied colour with, as well, random overlap of the regions of applied colour in the background by each Aof the other two colours.
  • cams c and c control the application of a pale shade and the other cams control the application of darker shades.
  • the apparatus used was the exemplary apparatus already described and it was operated in a manner in which it has been described as being capable of operating.
  • 396 ends of 3650 denier/204 filament nylon carpet yarn having a 20% bulk imparted to it by a stuifer box crimping process were taken off creels and led, via guide tubes terminating at a selector board, yarn separator bars, and individual yarn tensioning devices, to the initial reed of the exemplary apparatus as hereinbefore described.
  • the dyes employed were standard acid dyes and the temperature of the dye liquors in the reservoirs was in all cases constant at about 55 C.
  • the temperature of the dyestulfs in the dye troughs was not measured precisely but was believed to be between 45 C. and 50 C. and was constant as evidenced by level dyeing shades. Steady and quite rapid recirculatory rates of flow of the several dye liquors was maintained.
  • the yarns During passage through the dye fixing chamber, into which steam at atmospheric pressure was continuously being supplied from the open steam coils, the yarns passed as a sagging sheet at low tension.
  • the yarns were subjected to the action of steam for 20 seconds in the dye fixing chamber and, because of the lesser tension in the yarns, their lineal speed of travel was less than 4 yards/minute and was estimated as being about 3.8 yards/minute along their curved paths.
  • the sheet of yarns was gently led into and out of the dye-fixing chamber lby the aforedescribed winches and beyond the dye-xing chamber was washed in the washing station already described.
  • the rate of rotation of the pair of squeeze rolls encountered by the sheet of yarns in passing from the first to the second wash tank was carefully controlled to ensure that at no time was the sheet of yarns pulled out of the dye xing chamber by the squeeze rolls.
  • the tension in the sheet of yarns was gradually increased until the lineal speed of travel of the yarns was again 4 yards per minute.
  • the sheet of yarns contained very little excess moisture and was quickly completely dried in the drying chamber.
  • the yarns passed through the yarn drying chamber as aptensioned horizontal warp at a speed of travel of 4 yards per minute and were impinged upon over feet of the length of the warp by air owing in countercurrent thereto which had been heated by the steam battery to a temperature of about 150 F.
  • the yarns were bunched together into 18 groups of 22 ends at compensators associated with cross-ball warping apparatus as aforedescribed in detail and the groups were wound into cross-ball warps.
  • the gas supply ports of the electromagnetic valves controlling the application of pneumatic pressure to the four pairs of cylinders associated with the four Warp-presser rollers were placed continuously in communication with a source of gas at 60 lbs. per square inch pressure which was adequate, having regard to the lengths of the Warp presser rollers and the dimensions of the four pneumatic activating means, to effect complete penetration of the Warp of yarns by dye liquor during printing Because the yarn ends were under tension, and hence temporarily of low bulk, penetration by the dye liquor was aided by capillary action.
  • the pattern control means included 4 pattern cams and three randomising cams as in the first arrangement aforedescribed.
  • the lone pattern cam controlled the application of the yellow.
  • the pattern cams revolved at 4.48 revolutions per minute.
  • the resultant yarn was attractively coloured, had a pattern repeat length of a little over 300 feet and gave a very attractive effect when used to form the pile of a looped pile tufted carpet, especially when the tufting machine employed had a sliding needle bar attachment and operated according to a high and low tufting sequence so giving Sculptured effects.
  • An apparatus for space-dyeing yarns comprising: a series of electro-pneumatic operated dye-applicators which print a moving warp of yarns with different colours over different parts of its length and containing as an integral part thereof a pattern control means including a first switch group whose switches are in the energising circuits of associated electro-magnetic Valves, said switch group including rotary devices containing on the surface thereof switch activating means to open and close respective switches, means for rotating all said rotary devices at the same rate, a second switch group every switch being in series with a switch of the rst switch group, said second switch group including rotary devices containing on the surface thereof switch activating means to open and close respective switches, means for rotating all the last-mentioned rotary devices at the same rate, and a common driving mechanism for rotating the two groups of switch activating devices at different speeds thereby permitting random colour pattern to be applied to the warp of yarns.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
US527129A 1965-02-23 1966-02-14 Yarn dyeing Expired - Lifetime US3503232A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7717/65A GB1143201A (en) 1965-02-23 1965-02-23 Improvements in and relating to yarn dyeing
GB927365 1965-03-04
GB3468065 1965-08-13

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US3503232A true US3503232A (en) 1970-03-31

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US527129A Expired - Lifetime US3503232A (en) 1965-02-23 1966-02-14 Yarn dyeing

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US (1) US3503232A (de)
BE (1) BE676949A (de)
CH (1) CH437181A (de)
DE (1) DE1635078A1 (de)
GB (1) GB1143201A (de)
LU (1) LU50517A1 (de)
NL (1) NL6602320A (de)
SE (1) SE317348B (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3783654A (en) * 1972-05-26 1974-01-08 Mohasco Ind Inc Printing apparatus
US3871196A (en) * 1971-12-28 1975-03-18 Hanegafuchi Boseki Kabushiki K Apparatus for continuously printing yarns with splashed pattern of random pitches
US3879966A (en) * 1972-08-31 1975-04-29 Singer Co Continuous yarn dyeing machines
US3921519A (en) * 1971-11-15 1975-11-25 Peter Zimmer Rotary printing machine
US3922736A (en) * 1971-11-22 1975-12-02 Mand Carpet Mills Machine and method for space dyeing
US3972284A (en) * 1974-03-05 1976-08-03 Bell Dale J Needle point printing apparatus
US5226227A (en) * 1990-05-23 1993-07-13 Yoshida Kogyo K. K. Method of producing narrow tape

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2306204C2 (de) * 1973-02-08 1982-12-16 Vepa AG, 4125 Riehen, Basel Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Melangen
US4453477A (en) * 1981-12-04 1984-06-12 Gerber Scientific, Inc. Thread consuming machine with thread coloring device and related process
CN111593520B (zh) * 2020-03-26 2022-09-02 南通隆彩纺织科技有限公司 一种用于花色纱的段染设备

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2573097A (en) * 1951-10-30 Epstein
US3227077A (en) * 1963-05-07 1966-01-04 Stalwart Dyeing Company Ltd Method of and means for patterning a pile fabric

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2573097A (en) * 1951-10-30 Epstein
US3227077A (en) * 1963-05-07 1966-01-04 Stalwart Dyeing Company Ltd Method of and means for patterning a pile fabric

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3921519A (en) * 1971-11-15 1975-11-25 Peter Zimmer Rotary printing machine
US3922736A (en) * 1971-11-22 1975-12-02 Mand Carpet Mills Machine and method for space dyeing
US3871196A (en) * 1971-12-28 1975-03-18 Hanegafuchi Boseki Kabushiki K Apparatus for continuously printing yarns with splashed pattern of random pitches
US3783654A (en) * 1972-05-26 1974-01-08 Mohasco Ind Inc Printing apparatus
US3879966A (en) * 1972-08-31 1975-04-29 Singer Co Continuous yarn dyeing machines
US3972284A (en) * 1974-03-05 1976-08-03 Bell Dale J Needle point printing apparatus
US5226227A (en) * 1990-05-23 1993-07-13 Yoshida Kogyo K. K. Method of producing narrow tape

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SE317348B (de) 1969-11-17
CH437181A (de) 1967-06-15
BE676949A (de) 1966-08-23
NL6602320A (de) 1966-08-24
GB1143201A (en) 1969-02-19
DE1635078A1 (de) 1971-04-08
LU50517A1 (de) 1966-04-25

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