US3502462A - Nickel,cobalt,chromium steel - Google Patents
Nickel,cobalt,chromium steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3502462A US3502462A US510341A US3502462DA US3502462A US 3502462 A US3502462 A US 3502462A US 510341 A US510341 A US 510341A US 3502462D A US3502462D A US 3502462DA US 3502462 A US3502462 A US 3502462A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- steels
- toughness
- nickel
- strength
- cobalt
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 40
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 22
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 title description 22
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 22
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 20
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 77
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 77
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 27
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 102000005650 Notch Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 23
- 108010070047 Notch Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 23
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Mo] DDTIGTPWGISMKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NYQDCVLCJXRDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromofos Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC(Cl)=C(Br)C=C1Cl NYQDCVLCJXRDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni] QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ti].[Ni] Chemical compound [Ti].[Ni] HZEWFHLRYVTOIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003483 aging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni].[Mo] OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/10—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt
- C22C38/105—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing cobalt containing Co and Ni
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3066—Fe as the principal constituent with Ni as next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
Definitions
- a steel of high yield strength and good notch toughness adapted for use in wrought form as well as weld filler metal has the essential composition, by weight: nickel 95-14%; cobalt 610%; carbon 0.060.l6%; molybdenum 0.7-l.5%; chromium .53%; and the balance iron except for residuals and minor impurities.
- This invention relates to high yield strength steels having good notch toughness and to high yield strength weld metal of comparable properties.
- steels In many applications where weight of the structure or thickness of the material must be maintained at a minimum, steels combining high yield strength and good notch toughness are required.
- steels combining high yield strength and good notch toughness are required.
- uses for which such steels are particularly suitable are the construction of pressure vessels, missile motor cases, submarine hulls, nuclear reactor pressure vessels and highly stressed structural members. Inasmuch as such uses require Welding operations, it is also essential that the whole weldment including the weld metal possess superior properties.
- filler metals Two types have been used to join highyield-strength constructural alloys in the yield-strength range 160 to 220 K s.i.
- One group of filter metals the maraging alloy steels, can be used to produce deposited and aged weld metal with satisfactory yield strengths but with only marginal toughness (30 to 50 ft.-lbs. Charpy V-notch energy absorption at F.).
- the maraging filler metals are not particularly compatible with conventional carbon-containing alloy steels.
- the second group of filler metals, carbon-containing nickel alloy steels are generally used in the as-welded condition and exhibit moderately good toughness (40 to 60 ft.-lbs.
- the present invention involves high strength steel having notch toughness in excess of the above mentioned limits and generally having a yield strength-to-toughness relationship which is better than conventional high yield strength steels.
- Steels according to the invention combine the strengthening principles of quenched and tempered steels with the strengthening principles of maraging steels and thus obtain a part of the strengthening from carbide precipitation and a part from precipitation of intermetallic compounds.
- Such steels exhibit the advantages of both quenched and tempered and maraging steels without the accompany disadvantages of these types of steels.
- weld metal of such compositions combine the resistance to weld cracking of low carbon maraging steels with the superior toughness of nickel-cobalt steels.
- Quenched and tempered steels require a carbon content in excess of about 0.2% to exhibit yield strength in to 200 K s.i. range. At this carbon level, weldability is poor because the steel is subject to excessive cracking in the zone affected by weld heat and the maximum notch toughness obtainable is limited because of the brittleness of the carbides that strengthen these steels.
- the production of carbon-containing quenched and tempered steels is economical and such steels are commonly used for a variety of applications.
- Maraging steels are essentially carbon free and obtain strength from the precipitation of complex nickel-molybdenum and nickel-titanium intermetallic compounds and obtain additional strength from undetermined mechanisms involving molybdenum and cobalt.
- Higher levels of yield strength and notch toughness can be developed in maraging steels because of the superiority of the strengthening mechanisms in these steels over the car- :bide precipitation strengthening mechanism in the quenched and tempered steels.
- care must be taken during melting to obtain the lowest possible levels of carbon, sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen. This is necessary to prevent the formation of particularly harmful particles of TiC, TiS, TiN, AlN, TiO A1 0 which adversely affect notch toughness.
- melting practices for maraging steels are relatively expensive and time consuming and special vacuum melting practices are required to develop optimum properties.
- the present invention concerns a steel composition and weld metal for joining members thereof in which a part of the strengthening is obtained by the formation of nickel-molybdenum intermetallic compounds and part by the strengthening elfects of cobalt.
- a part of the strengthening is obtained by the formation of nickel-molybdenum intermetallic compounds and part by the strengthening elfects of cobalt.
- Such steels attain yield strength levels greater than 160 K s.i.
- a steel with high yield strength and good notch toughness which consists essentially of at least 9.5% nickel, preferably 9.5 to 14% nickel, at least 6% cobalt, preferably 6 to 10% cobalt, about 0.06 to 0.16% carbon, preferably 0.1 to
- substantially iron means that the steels may contain small amounts
- the preferred composition is a steel which consists essentially of 9.5 to 12% nickel, 6 to 10% cobalt, 0.1 to 0.16% carbon, 0.7 to 1.5% molybdenum, 1 to 2% chromium and the balance substantially iron. It has been found that Samples of these compositions were strengthened by austenitizing, water quenching and aging in a conventional manner and then subjected to mechanical property evaluation. The results of this evaluation and a comparison of these results with the properties of as-quenched samples are presented in Table II.
- FIGURE 1 shows the aforementioned upper boundary limit of the strength and toughness of conventional steels in the range of to 200 K s.i. Also shown in FIGURE 1 are the yield strength and notch toughness of each of five steel compositions which differed only in nickel and cobalt contents. Compositions of these samples are shown in Table 111.
- Ni Mo nickel-molybdenum compound
- the properties of metals can be generally bare wires and inert-gas-shielded tungsten-arc welding.
- Weld filler metal of our composition may be used in the as-deposited condition if a yield strength on the low side of the 160 to 220 K s.i. range is desired.
- a simple post weld aging mproved by metallurgical practices which include hot and treatment may be used. Aging is not critical and normal old working and various heat treatments. Thus, wrought aging practices for the base metal can be used. orms of steel typically have the best properties. It is, When weldments are to be made on plates or sheets herefore, quite surprising to discover that as a weld-filler of similar compositions, a filler wire of the same composinetal the steel compositions within the purview of the in- 10 tion can also be used.
- hat weld metal of the steel compositions according to the It is desirable to maintain the carbon content of the nvention, containing at least 9.5% nickel, preferably 9.5 weld metal at between about 0.10 to 0.16% to develop .0 12% nickel, at least 6% cobalt, preferably 6 to 10% the best strength levels with minimum loss in crack re- :obalt, 0.5 to 3% chromium, 0.7 to 1.5% molybdenum, sistance and toughness.
- the nickel content and aluminum (the latter up to about 0.025%) to perform should be at least 9.5%, preferably about 10% because :heir common functions, and residual amounts of phosa decrease causes a loss in hardenability and also a less phorous and sulfur.
- Eerred composition consists essentially of 9.5 to about 10%
- An increase in nickel over about 10% increases the nickel, 6 to about 8% cobalt, 0.1 to 0.16% carbon, about tendency to form retained austenite which, in turn, del to 2% chromium, .7 to 1.25% molybdenum and the creases both strength and toughness; however, up to about aalance substantially iron.
- the cobalt content should be The following examples typical of the improved weldat least 6%, preferably about 6 to 8% because cobalt tiller metal according to the invention. Samples of weld causes a strength increase and also increases the temperametal of each of four compositions shown i T bl IV ture of martensite formation which, in turn, increases the were prepared. Resistance to Weld cracking. Large amounts of cobalt, TABLE IV however, e.g. over about 10%, cause an undesirable loss in toughness and hardenability. 0 P S S1 co or A1 Although the effects are not well understood, chrow 0.10 0.010 0.002 0. 000 0. 09 10.1 8.25 1.02 1.01 0.
- 002 mium contents in the range 1.0 to 2.0% appear to be bene- $33188? 8888 8:881 8:888 81 1 1838 8:81 518 8:88 888% ficial in that the Strength is increased with no apparent z 0.13 0.004 0.001 0. 000 0. 00 10.0 6.11 1.02 1.04 0. 001 loss in toughness.
- the optimum molybdenum content is about 0.7 to 1.25%, preferably 1.0%; at levels lower than Weld metal or compositions W and Y were tested in both 1.0%, an insufficient age-hardening reaction may occur, the unaged and aged Condition and Weld metal of COIH- and at levels significantly higher than 1.5%, a severe positions X and Z were tested after aging at 900 F.
- a steel having high yield strength and good notch toughness consisting essentially of 9.5% to 14% nickel, 6% to 10% cobalt, 0.06 to 0.16% carbon, 0.7 to 1.5%
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US51034165A | 1965-11-29 | 1965-11-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3502462A true US3502462A (en) | 1970-03-24 |
Family
ID=24030352
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US510341A Expired - Lifetime US3502462A (en) | 1965-11-29 | 1965-11-29 | Nickel,cobalt,chromium steel |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3502462A (es) |
| AT (1) | AT308161B (es) |
| BE (1) | BE690160A (es) |
| DE (1) | DE1533478A1 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES333613A1 (es) |
| FR (1) | FR1501651A (es) |
| GB (1) | GB1159969A (es) |
| NL (1) | NL154559B (es) |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4076525A (en) * | 1976-07-29 | 1978-02-28 | General Dynamics Corporation | High strength fracture resistant weldable steels |
| US4152148A (en) * | 1978-04-05 | 1979-05-01 | General Dynamics Corporation | High strength, high toughness steel welding compositions |
| US4957550A (en) * | 1987-05-06 | 1990-09-18 | Manufacturers Hanover Trust Co. | Ultrasonic machining tool for machining orthodontic brackets |
| US5087415A (en) * | 1989-03-27 | 1992-02-11 | Carpenter Technology Corporation | High strength, high fracture toughness structural alloy |
| US5268044A (en) * | 1990-02-06 | 1993-12-07 | Carpenter Technology Corporation | High strength, high fracture toughness alloy |
| US5817191A (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1998-10-06 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh | Iron-based soft magnetic alloy containing cobalt for use as a solenoid core |
| US20060081309A1 (en) * | 2003-04-08 | 2006-04-20 | Gainsmart Group Limited | Ultra-high strength weathering steel and method for making same |
| US20080042505A1 (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2008-02-21 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for Production of a Soft-Magnetic Core or Generators and Generator Comprising Such a Core |
| US20080099106A1 (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2008-05-01 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic iron-cobalt-based alloy and method for its production |
| US20090039994A1 (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2009-02-12 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic iron-cobalt-based alloy and process for manufacturing it |
| US20100018610A1 (en) * | 2001-07-13 | 2010-01-28 | Vaccumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for producing nanocrystalline magnet cores, and device for carrying out said method |
| US20100230015A1 (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2010-09-16 | Questek Innovations Llc | Lower-cost, ultra-high-strength, high-toughness steel |
| US8012270B2 (en) | 2007-07-27 | 2011-09-06 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic iron/cobalt/chromium-based alloy and process for manufacturing it |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1473208A (en) * | 1917-12-17 | 1923-11-06 | Cleveland Brass Mfg Company | Acid-resisting alloy |
| US3152934A (en) * | 1962-10-03 | 1964-10-13 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Process for treating austenite stainless steels |
| US3285738A (en) * | 1964-05-22 | 1966-11-15 | Stainless Foundry & Engineerin | Ferrous-base, hardenable, corrosion-resistant, high-strength, high-ductility alloy |
| US3366471A (en) * | 1963-11-12 | 1968-01-30 | Republic Steel Corp | High strength alloy steel compositions and process of producing high strength steel including hot-cold working |
-
1965
- 1965-11-29 US US510341A patent/US3502462A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1966
- 1966-11-08 GB GB50047/66A patent/GB1159969A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-11-21 DE DE19661533478 patent/DE1533478A1/de active Pending
- 1966-11-21 ES ES0333613A patent/ES333613A1/es not_active Expired
- 1966-11-24 BE BE690160D patent/BE690160A/xx unknown
- 1966-11-28 FR FR85174A patent/FR1501651A/fr not_active Expired
- 1966-11-29 NL NL666616800A patent/NL154559B/xx unknown
- 1966-11-29 AT AT1102166A patent/AT308161B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1473208A (en) * | 1917-12-17 | 1923-11-06 | Cleveland Brass Mfg Company | Acid-resisting alloy |
| US3152934A (en) * | 1962-10-03 | 1964-10-13 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Process for treating austenite stainless steels |
| US3366471A (en) * | 1963-11-12 | 1968-01-30 | Republic Steel Corp | High strength alloy steel compositions and process of producing high strength steel including hot-cold working |
| US3285738A (en) * | 1964-05-22 | 1966-11-15 | Stainless Foundry & Engineerin | Ferrous-base, hardenable, corrosion-resistant, high-strength, high-ductility alloy |
Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4076525A (en) * | 1976-07-29 | 1978-02-28 | General Dynamics Corporation | High strength fracture resistant weldable steels |
| US4152148A (en) * | 1978-04-05 | 1979-05-01 | General Dynamics Corporation | High strength, high toughness steel welding compositions |
| US4957550A (en) * | 1987-05-06 | 1990-09-18 | Manufacturers Hanover Trust Co. | Ultrasonic machining tool for machining orthodontic brackets |
| US5087415A (en) * | 1989-03-27 | 1992-02-11 | Carpenter Technology Corporation | High strength, high fracture toughness structural alloy |
| US5268044A (en) * | 1990-02-06 | 1993-12-07 | Carpenter Technology Corporation | High strength, high fracture toughness alloy |
| US5817191A (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1998-10-06 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh | Iron-based soft magnetic alloy containing cobalt for use as a solenoid core |
| US20100018610A1 (en) * | 2001-07-13 | 2010-01-28 | Vaccumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for producing nanocrystalline magnet cores, and device for carrying out said method |
| US7964043B2 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2011-06-21 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for producing nanocrystalline magnet cores, and device for carrying out said method |
| US20060081309A1 (en) * | 2003-04-08 | 2006-04-20 | Gainsmart Group Limited | Ultra-high strength weathering steel and method for making same |
| US20080042505A1 (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2008-02-21 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for Production of a Soft-Magnetic Core or Generators and Generator Comprising Such a Core |
| US8887376B2 (en) | 2005-07-20 | 2014-11-18 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for production of a soft-magnetic core having CoFe or CoFeV laminations and generator or motor comprising such a core |
| US20080099106A1 (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2008-05-01 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic iron-cobalt-based alloy and method for its production |
| US7909945B2 (en) | 2006-10-30 | 2011-03-22 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic iron-cobalt-based alloy and method for its production |
| US20090145522A9 (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2009-06-11 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic iron-cobalt-based alloy and method for its production |
| US8012270B2 (en) | 2007-07-27 | 2011-09-06 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic iron/cobalt/chromium-based alloy and process for manufacturing it |
| US20090039994A1 (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2009-02-12 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic iron-cobalt-based alloy and process for manufacturing it |
| US9057115B2 (en) | 2007-07-27 | 2015-06-16 | Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg | Soft magnetic iron-cobalt-based alloy and process for manufacturing it |
| US20100230015A1 (en) * | 2008-02-20 | 2010-09-16 | Questek Innovations Llc | Lower-cost, ultra-high-strength, high-toughness steel |
| US9051635B2 (en) | 2008-02-20 | 2015-06-09 | Herng-Jeng Jou | Lower-cost, ultra-high-strength, high-toughness steel |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1159969A (en) | 1969-07-30 |
| ES333613A1 (es) | 1967-10-01 |
| FR1501651A (fr) | 1967-11-10 |
| NL154559B (nl) | 1977-09-15 |
| NL6616800A (es) | 1967-05-30 |
| DE1533478A1 (de) | 1970-01-22 |
| BE690160A (es) | 1967-05-24 |
| AT308161B (de) | 1973-06-25 |
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