US3498508A - Apparatus for extruding a length of material - Google Patents

Apparatus for extruding a length of material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3498508A
US3498508A US627781A US3498508DA US3498508A US 3498508 A US3498508 A US 3498508A US 627781 A US627781 A US 627781A US 3498508D A US3498508D A US 3498508DA US 3498508 A US3498508 A US 3498508A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tube
extrusion
product
gas
stream
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US627781A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jacques Francisoud
Gilbert Niogret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rhone Poulenc SA
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Rhone Poulenc SA
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Publication date
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B39/00—Nozzles, funnels or guides for introducing articles or materials into containers or wrappers
    • B65B39/001—Nozzles, funnels or guides for introducing articles or materials into containers or wrappers with flow cut-off means, e.g. valves
    • B65B39/004—Nozzles, funnels or guides for introducing articles or materials into containers or wrappers with flow cut-off means, e.g. valves moving linearly
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B3/00—Packaging plastic material, semiliquids, liquids or mixed solids and liquids, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
    • B65B3/04—Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles
    • B65B3/16—Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles for filling collapsible tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67C—CLEANING, FILLING WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMILIQUIDS, OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS, BARRELS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FUNNELS
    • B67C3/00—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids
    • B67C3/02—Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus
    • B67C3/22—Details
    • B67C3/26—Filling-heads; Means for engaging filling-heads with bottle necks
    • B67C2003/2688—Means for filling containers in defined atmospheric conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for extruding a length of material, and may be used for extruding a length of glutinous and viscous material in order to pack it into a receptacle.
  • Known machines for filling receptacles at a high rate with a viscous or pasty product comprises a metering member, which may be a piston pump, with an injector nozzle thereon, and a distribution system which alternately places a storage tank containing the product in communication with the metering member and the metering member with the injector.
  • the injector is very often composed of a tube section whose outlet orifice is narrow in relation to the opening of the receptacles to be filled.
  • the volume of product to be injected must be released at a sufficiently high speed to ensure filling without, for example, the formation of air pockets.
  • an injector which, by a relative plunging movement, commences the filling of the containers from the bottom and then rises as the products are injected.
  • the outlet orifice of the tube section must be wider than that employed with the injection of more fluid i.e. less viscous products. This difference arises because the machine must supply in a very short time larger forces for injecting a viscous product than are required for the same volume of a more fluid product, and the increase in the diameter of the tube section then decreases the stresses exerted on the machine.
  • the viscous stream of product extending from the end of the injector may be aspirated with the aid of the metering pump or of an auxiliary pump, or a jet of gas may be passed through an axial tube section concentric with that at which the product is injected, so as to break the string.
  • an extrusion apparatus for extruding a length of material, such apparatus comprising an extrusion tube having an extrusion orifice, and an outer tube surrounding said extrusion tube and defining with the outer surface of the extrusion tube, an annular chamber, in the form of a frustum of a cone, converging towards the axis of the extrusion tube downstream of said extrusion orifice, the angle at the apex of the cone being between 10 and 180, injection means for injecting a charge of material through said tube, and means for connecting said chamber to a source of gas under pressure via a shut-off valve, synchronised with said injection, means, so that gas flows from said chamber only after a charge has been injected.
  • the angle at the apex of the cone is preferably between 40 and With this apparatus it is possible, at the end of each injection, to provide a convergent gas jet on the string of product joining the injector and the receptacle, and break this string.
  • the apparatus may be associated with a suction system which acts simultaneously and produces a narrowing of the string of product in order to facilitate its breaking.
  • the tube section outside the extrusion tube may be mounted on any type of injector. Since the annular chamber between the tube sections is never blocked by the product, and the viscous stream of material is broken outside the extrusion tube, the gas or stream can readily be adjusted to its lowest pressure value and its shortest duration, in order to avoid the danger of splashing due to gas turbulence at the top of the receptacle.
  • a further advantage afforded by having the gas jet in a convergent form is that the product is more effectively heaped in the receptacle, which is necessary more particularly for thixotropic products which form in the receptacle, after the viscous stream of product has been broken, at the end of the injection, a substantially vertical tow which remains intact and is likely to soil the upper part of the receptacle at the time when it is closed.
  • FIGURE 1 is a fragmentary sectional view of the tip of the extrusion tube and outer tube of one embodiment of apparatus according to the invention:
  • FIGURE 2 is a view similar to FIGURE 1, illustrating the apparatus immediately after the stream of extruded product has been cut;
  • FIGURE 3 is a fragmentary section through one embodiment of apparatus incorporating the tip illustrated in FIGURES l and 2;
  • FIGURE 4 is an axial section through a second em: bodiment of apparatus.
  • FIGURE 1 there is illustrated an internal extrusion tube 10 provided with a frusto-conical end portion 11 and having a circular extrusion orifice 11A at the lower end.
  • Surrounding tube 10 is an outer tube 12, also having a frusto-conical all 13 which defines with the outer surface of frusto-conical portion 11 of the tube 10, a frusto-conical chamber 14 terminating in a lower continuous annular opening 14A.
  • the interior of the tube may be connected to an injection device for injecting a charge of material into the tube 10, this charge issuing through the extrusion orifice as a stream at 15.
  • the annular space between the tubes 10 and 12 is connected to a source of gas, e.g. air, under pressure, and this gas may be ejected from the annular chamber 14 in a conically convergent stream.
  • This stream will emit from the opening 14A of the chamber at an angle 0, which is between 10 and 180 and is preferably between 40 and 140.
  • the stream issues in a direction 1 which is composed of a horizontal component h and a vertical component v.
  • the gas stream When a charge of material has been injected through the tube 10, the gas stream is started, and this serves to cut the stream of material 15, and to provide an envelope 16 surrounding the stream.
  • This envelope prevents the stream from splashing out sidewardly from the receptacle, and furthermore, keeps the end of the tubes 10 and 12 completely clean, which is particularly desirable when using the apparatus of the invention for packaging products which deteriorate in the ambient atmosphere. If such products are used, the gas stream will be of a gas which is inert to the products, e.g. one of the so-called inert gases.
  • the horizontal component it of the gas stream 1 serves to cut the product after the charge has been ejected through the extrusion orifice, and the vertical component v assists in the drawing away of the rod-like charge which has just been extruded.
  • FIGURE 2 shows the lower surface j of the product after the string or stream of products has been cut by the gas stream.
  • FIGURE 3 there is illustrated an apparatus incorporating an extrusion arrangement similar to that illustrated in FIGURES 1 and 3.
  • the tube 26, which corresponds to the tube 10 of FIGURES 1 and 2, is connectable, by rotation of valve 23, to a cylinder 21 in which is slidable an injection piston 20.
  • the valve 23 is rotated to the position illustrated in FIGURE 3, so that the cylinder 21 may be placed in communication with a source of product to be injected via the connection 22.
  • the outer tube 25 may be connected to a source of gas under pressure (not shown) via a shut-off valve (not shown).
  • valve 23 In use of the apparatus of FIGURE 3, the valve 23 is moved to the position shown in the drawing, and the piston 20 is drawn to the left, thus introducing a charge of material into the cylinder 21.
  • the valve 23 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrow, and the piston 20 moved back towards the right, thus injecting a charge of material through the tube 26.
  • the valve (not shown), which is synchronised with the movement of piston 20, opens and a stream of gas emanates from chamber 27 to cut the string of product.
  • FIGURE 4 there is shown a similar apparatus in which a piston 30 is movable in a cylinder 31, and the product to be injected may be drawn in through conduit 32.
  • Cylinder 31 is connected by means of block 39 and concentric tube 33, 34 to an inner extrusion tube 36 and an outer surrounding tube 35 respectively.
  • Tubes 35 and 36 define, at the lower extremity a frusto-conical chamber 37 directed towards the axis of the tubes 33, 34, 35 and 36.
  • the frustro-conical annular chamber 37 may be connected to a source of gas (not shown), via a connection 38, and a shut-off valve may be positioned between connection 38 and the source of gas.
  • Extending from the lower end of piston 30 is a rod 40 which carries at its lower end a head 41 which is positioned upstream of the outlet orifice of extrusion tube 36 when the piston 30 is in it's lowermost position.
  • the piston 30 is forced upwardly by pneumatic pressure from a source not shown, and a charge of material is introduced through conduit 32.
  • the source of gas is then connected to the upper end of cylinder 31 and the piston 30 is forced downwardly injecting a charge of material through tube '33 and extrusion tube 36 and out through the orifice in tube 36.
  • the piston 30 is returned to its upper position thus producing a suction effect at the extrusion orifice.
  • air is introduced through connection 38 and produces a conically converging gas stream surrounding the extrusion orifice. This serves to cut and pull apart the extruded stream from the quantity of product within tubes 33 and 26. Owing to the suction etfect produced by retraction of piston 30, the product is drawn inwardly of the extrusion orifice in a manner similar to that indicated by the dotted portion k illustrated in FIGURE 2.
  • Any gas is suitable for blowing through the chamber 14, 27, 37. Suitable gases are air, nitrogen, helium, argon and krypton.
  • gases are air, nitrogen, helium, argon and krypton.
  • the products which may be packed with the apparatus of the invention may include, inter alia, gums, adhesives, pastes and glutinous greases, mastics, tacky resins, certain latexes, and composition capable of being vulcanised to form rubber in solution, or in the pure state. More particularly, the apparatus is very useful for packaging organopolysiloxane compositions vulcanisable to form elastomers at ambient temperature. The following examples, illustrate the packaging of products using the apparatus of the invention.
  • EXAMPLE 2 A mastic which hardens in the air, comprising (by weight):
  • the orifice through which the product left the short tube section 36 had a diameter of 8 mm. and the two tube sections 35 and 36 defined betwen them an annular space 37 of 0.75 mm. in width with an apex angle of 90.
  • the internal and external diameters of the tube 33 were 18 and 20 mm. and those of the tube 34 were 24 and 28 mm.
  • Nitrogen was introduced through connection 38 under a pressure of 0.6-0.7 bar for a period of 0.6 sec. per injection.
  • the machine was run at an operating rate of filling of 900 tubes per hour (100 g. of mastic per t-ube). After operation for 8 hours, it was found that the injector was free from any traces of mastic and that the tubes were perfectly clean.
  • Example 2 was repeated, but cylindrical pasteboard cartridges measuring 255 mm. in height and 45 mm. in diameter were filled at the same rate (350 g. of mastic), using the machine of FIGURE 4 with the internal and external diameters of the tube 33 measuring 29 and 32 mm. and those of the tube 34 measuring 35 and 40 mm., the annular space betwen the tube sections 35 and 36 being 1 mm., the apex angle 0 being 90, and the orifice through which the product leaves the tube section 36 being mm.
  • Example 2 The machine was operated for 8 hours, after which it was found that the packing was still clean. When the supply of blowing gas was stopped, or an axial blowing was employed, the disadvantages already mentioned in Example 2 immediately reappeared.
  • An extrusion apparatus for extruding a length of material, such apparatus comprising:
  • injection means for injecting a charge of material through said extrusion tube
  • the injection means includes a cylinder connected to said extrusion tube; a double acting piston movable in said cylinder, whereby forward movement of said piston causes injection of a charge of material through said tube and retraction of said piston causes a suction in said extrusion tube.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vacuum Packaging (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
US627781A 1966-04-04 1967-04-03 Apparatus for extruding a length of material Expired - Lifetime US3498508A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR56325A FR1482108A (fr) 1966-04-04 1966-04-04 Dispositif pour améliorer le conditionnement de produits filants et gluants

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3498508A true US3498508A (en) 1970-03-03

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Family Applications (1)

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US627781A Expired - Lifetime US3498508A (en) 1966-04-04 1967-04-03 Apparatus for extruding a length of material

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3498508A (OSRAM)
BE (1) BE696540A (OSRAM)
CH (1) CH465129A (OSRAM)
DE (1) DE1586245A1 (OSRAM)
FR (1) FR1482108A (OSRAM)
GB (1) GB1127713A (OSRAM)
NL (1) NL6704331A (OSRAM)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3877615A (en) * 1973-06-01 1975-04-15 Anetsberger Bros Inc Pizza sausage dispenser
US3926229A (en) * 1974-02-20 1975-12-16 Scholle Corp Viscous material filling device
US3979172A (en) * 1973-03-29 1976-09-07 Snow Brand Milk Products Co., Ltd. Ice cream freezer
EP0538956A1 (en) * 1991-10-23 1993-04-28 Shikoku Kakoki Co., Ltd. Filling apparatus for viscous foods
US5379921A (en) * 1991-05-24 1995-01-10 Odin Developments Limited Nozzle and valve assembly
EP1323667A1 (en) * 2001-12-24 2003-07-02 Sig Simonazzi S.P.A. Valve unit for filling machines
EP1371557A1 (en) * 2002-05-10 2003-12-17 MW Encap Limited Dispensing nozzle
ITMI20131163A1 (it) * 2013-07-10 2015-01-11 Smi Spa Dispositivo di riempimento
US20160193618A1 (en) * 2013-08-12 2016-07-07 Stan Engineering Corp. S.R.L. Delivering device, in particular for pasty or creamy products

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3224544A1 (de) * 1982-07-01 1984-01-05 Hassia Verpackung Gmbh, 6479 Ranstadt Fuellvorrichtung fuer verpackungsmaschinen
FR2821615B1 (fr) 2001-03-02 2004-12-03 Jean Pierre Solignac Dispositif pour la distribution dosee de precision de produits pateux ou liquides ou pulverulents
GB2569364B (en) * 2017-12-15 2022-11-30 Elopak Gmbh Improved filling device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2721008A (en) * 1953-02-02 1955-10-18 Bartelt Engineering Co Dispensing device
US2905363A (en) * 1955-09-14 1959-09-22 Pneumatic Scale Corp Filling machine
US2936994A (en) * 1956-09-10 1960-05-17 Black Products Co Bag filling machine
US3177846A (en) * 1962-09-13 1965-04-13 Haut S Dev Co Inc Jelly dropper for cookie making machines
US3351250A (en) * 1966-02-03 1967-11-07 Maryland Cup Corp Valve for viscous fluids

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2721008A (en) * 1953-02-02 1955-10-18 Bartelt Engineering Co Dispensing device
US2905363A (en) * 1955-09-14 1959-09-22 Pneumatic Scale Corp Filling machine
US2936994A (en) * 1956-09-10 1960-05-17 Black Products Co Bag filling machine
US3177846A (en) * 1962-09-13 1965-04-13 Haut S Dev Co Inc Jelly dropper for cookie making machines
US3351250A (en) * 1966-02-03 1967-11-07 Maryland Cup Corp Valve for viscous fluids

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3979172A (en) * 1973-03-29 1976-09-07 Snow Brand Milk Products Co., Ltd. Ice cream freezer
US3877615A (en) * 1973-06-01 1975-04-15 Anetsberger Bros Inc Pizza sausage dispenser
US3926229A (en) * 1974-02-20 1975-12-16 Scholle Corp Viscous material filling device
US5379921A (en) * 1991-05-24 1995-01-10 Odin Developments Limited Nozzle and valve assembly
EP0538956A1 (en) * 1991-10-23 1993-04-28 Shikoku Kakoki Co., Ltd. Filling apparatus for viscous foods
US5309958A (en) * 1991-10-23 1994-05-10 Shikoku Kakoki Co., Ltd. Filling apparatus for viscous foods
EP1323667A1 (en) * 2001-12-24 2003-07-02 Sig Simonazzi S.P.A. Valve unit for filling machines
EP1371557A1 (en) * 2002-05-10 2003-12-17 MW Encap Limited Dispensing nozzle
ITMI20131163A1 (it) * 2013-07-10 2015-01-11 Smi Spa Dispositivo di riempimento
EP2824062A1 (en) * 2013-07-10 2015-01-14 SMI S.p.A. Filling device
US9714161B2 (en) 2013-07-10 2017-07-25 Smi S.P.A. Filling device
US20160193618A1 (en) * 2013-08-12 2016-07-07 Stan Engineering Corp. S.R.L. Delivering device, in particular for pasty or creamy products
US10493477B2 (en) * 2013-08-12 2019-12-03 Stan Engineering Corp. S.R.L. Delivering device, in particular for pasty or creamy products

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1586245A1 (de) 1970-06-18
CH465129A (fr) 1968-11-15
GB1127713A (en) 1968-09-18
BE696540A (OSRAM) 1967-10-03
FR1482108A (fr) 1967-05-26
NL6704331A (OSRAM) 1967-10-05

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