US3496332A - Porous plate developer for thermally sensitive film - Google Patents
Porous plate developer for thermally sensitive film Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3496332A US3496332A US704131A US3496332DA US3496332A US 3496332 A US3496332 A US 3496332A US 704131 A US704131 A US 704131A US 3496332D A US3496332D A US 3496332DA US 3496332 A US3496332 A US 3496332A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- strip
- film
- porous plate
- platens
- development
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001147416 Ursus maritimus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 101800002712 p27 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B27/00—Photographic printing apparatus
- G03B27/02—Exposure apparatus for contact printing
- G03B27/14—Details
- G03B27/30—Details adapted to be combined with processing apparatus
- G03B27/306—Heat development
Definitions
- This invention relates to apparatus and method for use in the development of visible images in image-exposed radiation-sensitive heat-developable sheet or film strip materials.
- a type of radiation-sensitive thermally developable strip material which is particularly useful for making a visible record of transient electronically produced latent images has a sensitive coating comprising a combination of photosensitive silver halide and light-stable organic silver salt in conjunction with a reducing agent, a described, for example in US. patent application Ser. No. 693,714.
- the sensitive coating is soft and subject to abrasion. Thermal development to a uniform end-point requires careful control of both time and temperature of heating and is particularly difficult to achieve in a system requiring frequent or occasional discontinuous movement of the exposed strip.
- a strip of sensitive film 10 from supply reel 11 is drawn through a first vacuum buffer station 12, past an exposure station 13, and through a second vacuum buffer station 14 before progressing to the developing unit indicated generally at 15.
- the film advances from the station 12, past the station 13, and to the station 14 in an intermittent manner, i.e. one frame at a time, under the force supplied by friction drive wheels 16 and 17 which are operated in synchronism.
- Exposure may be with a light-image supplied by suitable optical equipment, or by any other desired means.
- a presently preferred exposure source employs a modulated electron beam operating in a vacuum chamber through whlch the film is passed by means of suitable vacuum ports as indicated in the drawing. As an example, from two to six 16 mm.
- the two vacuum buffer or storage stations provide for smooth flow of film from the supply reel and to the developing unit while maintaining uniform tension on the intervening segment of film.
- the film is fed to the developing unit by pull drum 18 and passes around idler roll 19, between platens 20 and 21, between ducts 22 and 23, through a third vacuum buffer station 24, past a viewer station 25, and finally to windup reel 26.
- Uniform tension on the film is supplied by the vacuum buffer station, from which the film is mtermittently withdrawn by the windup reel 26, the action being controlled by opposing switch contacts 52, 53. Random inspection is permitted at the viewer station while the film is at rest.
- the two platens 20, 21 are identical and, as illustrated for platen 20, comprise a back wall 27 and sides 28 forming a plenum chamber 29 which is closed with a porous face plate 30.
- a coil of resistance wire 31 is wound around a ceramic supporting rod 32 which is itself fastened within the chamber 29 on supporting frames 33. Electrical connection with the coil is established through contacts 34, 35.
- Air under low positive pressure enters the chamber 29 through one or more ports 36 in wall 27, is heated through the agency of the coil 31, and flows from the chamber through the porous plate 30 which is itself thereby heated and assures a uniform temperature in the issuing air.
- the temperature of the plate is sensed by a thermocouple 37 appropriately embedded in the plate 30 and is controlled to the desired level by regulation of the power input to the coil 31.
- the porous plate 30 is a fiat smooth-surfaced section of fine porous bronze filter plate measuring x 1% x 24 inches which passes approximately ten cubic feet of air per minute per square foot under the applied pressure differential of two inches of water and at a temperature of C.
- the coil 31 is made of No. 22 gage Nichrome wire and has a resistance of 35 ohms. Plate temperatures within the range of up to about 200 C. may easily be maintained with variations of less than one degree.
- the platens 20, 21 are supported on the frame by movably mounted support linkages 38-41 as shown and in position for movement toward and away from each other under the action of connecting links 42, 43, 44 and hydraulic cylinder 45, the platen faces remaining parallel to each other at all times.
- Support 40 and link 44 are each keyed to a common rotatably supported shaft 50.
- a three-way valve 47 simultaneously is actuated to permit the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 45 to return to closed position, under the pressure of the spring 51 thereby promptly separating the platens 20 and 21.
- the platens are each removed to a distance of approximately inch (about 2 cm.) from the interposed strip of film.
- Closing of the starting switch 49 then promptly actuates the solenoid valve 47 to return the platens to the developing position closely adjacent the strip, but the operation of the pull drum 18 and the advancement of the strip is delayed by the relay 48 for a controllable period of time, usually about one second, sufficient to preheat the enclosed strip to a degree such that all parts of the strip will be evenly and uniformly developed.
- Cool air is supplied to the interior of the cabinet and to the space surrounding the unit through opposing ducts 22, 23 and directly onto the strip of film as it issuesfrom beetween the platens 20, 21, thereby immediately terminating the development reaction as well as providing for rapid cooling of the strip upon separation of the platens in the manner described.
- cooling may if desired be provided simultaneously at the reverse surface of the sheet from a similar porous plate supplied with cool air, and additional cooling platens may be positioned adjacent either or both surfaces of the sheet as it is removed from the heating area.
- the strip may be subjected to frameby-frame or other regular intermittent advance motion but at an over-all constant rate, for example by means of a Geneva drive as employed for cinematographic exposure and projection.
- regular intermittent advance the heating platens will remain in position closely adjacent the film; but any delay in the over-all constant rate of advance will call for prompt retractionof the platens.
- the same principle may be extended to the situation wherein only a single frame or segment or sheet of sensitive material is to be developed at a time, with prompt retraction of the heating platen or platens and cooling of the sheet on completion of development, followed by removal of the developed sheet and insertion of a next following sheet.
- the use of a single heating platen adjacent the sensitive surface, in conjunction with an opposing cooling platen adjacent the back surface of the sheet is found desirable.
- Apparatus for uniformly heat-developing an extended-length strip of image-exposed radiation-sensitive heat-developable sheet material comprising in combination, porous plate heating means for supplying heated air at low flow rates uniformly over at least one side of a segment of said strip, drive means for advancing said strip past said heating means at a constant rate just sufficient to permit full development of said strip, retraction means, responsive to the stopping of said drive means, for the prompt separation of said heating means from close proximity to said segment, cooling means for cooling said strip promptly after full development and for cooling said segment promptly after said separation, and delay means for briefly delaying the advancement of said strip after again bringing said heating means into close proximity with said segment.
- porous plate heating means includes means for supplying heated air over both sides of said Segment.
- Method of uniformly developing an extended-length strip of image-exposed radiation-sensitive heat-developable sheet material comprising advancing said strip, during periods of movement thereof, at constant full-development rate through a zone of uniformly heated air obtained from porous plate heating means closely adjacent at least one side of a segment of said strip while continuously cooling said strip promptly after said full development, and, in the event of cessation of movement of the advancing strip, promptly retracting said heating means from closely adjacent said strip and simultaneously cooling said segment, and thereafter and prior to again initiating the advancing of said strip, returning said heating means to said closely adjacent position and delaying said advancing for a short time suflicient to bring said segment to its previous point in the heat-development cycle.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Photographic Developing Apparatuses (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US70413168A | 1968-02-08 | 1968-02-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3496332A true US3496332A (en) | 1970-02-17 |
Family
ID=24828208
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US704131A Expired - Lifetime US3496332A (en) | 1968-02-08 | 1968-02-08 | Porous plate developer for thermally sensitive film |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3496332A (de) |
DE (1) | DE1905239A1 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2001549A1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB1261247A (de) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3883718A (en) * | 1974-01-31 | 1975-05-13 | Celanese Corp | Apparatus for thermally processing of continuous lengths of fibrous materials |
US4148575A (en) * | 1977-07-22 | 1979-04-10 | Rca Corporation | Thermal processor |
US4198145A (en) * | 1977-04-25 | 1980-04-15 | Rca Corporation | Apparatus for developing photographic images on an emulsion coated film |
US4275959A (en) * | 1979-05-10 | 1981-06-30 | Edo Western Corporation | Film processor apparatus |
US4278338A (en) * | 1980-07-21 | 1981-07-14 | Eastman Kodak Company | Camera-processor apparatus |
US4293212A (en) * | 1977-04-25 | 1981-10-06 | Rca Corporation | Thermal processor in an apparatus for developing photographic film |
US4358192A (en) * | 1980-08-14 | 1982-11-09 | Wavetek Indiana, Inc. | Apparatus and method for processing heat developed photosensitive recording material |
US4360259A (en) * | 1981-02-13 | 1982-11-23 | Burgess Dennis A | Diazo developing apparatus |
US4371246A (en) * | 1981-02-13 | 1983-02-01 | Rca Corporation | Thermal processor |
US5039841A (en) * | 1987-09-11 | 1991-08-13 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Reflow furnace |
US5058196A (en) * | 1987-02-17 | 1991-10-15 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Electric infrared heater having a gas permeable electroformed porous metallic panel coated with a porous ceramic far-infrared radiating layer |
US20050048418A1 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-03 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Thermal development apparatus and thermal development process |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1517434A (en) * | 1921-12-27 | 1924-12-02 | Anne J Kluever | Heater |
US2532032A (en) * | 1947-01-28 | 1950-11-28 | Offen Bernard | Apparatus for drying webs |
US2668701A (en) * | 1951-02-03 | 1954-02-09 | Selas Corp Of America | Heating control system |
US3084489A (en) * | 1959-12-28 | 1963-04-09 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Method of sealing thermoplastic film overwrap |
US3311525A (en) * | 1963-10-02 | 1967-03-28 | Union Carbide Corp | Heat sealing apparatus including a porous member and fluid pressure |
US3382789A (en) * | 1966-04-20 | 1968-05-14 | Navy Usa | Automatic film developer |
-
1968
- 1968-02-08 US US704131A patent/US3496332A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1969
- 1969-01-29 DE DE19691905239 patent/DE1905239A1/de active Pending
- 1969-02-07 FR FR6902796A patent/FR2001549A1/fr active Pending
- 1969-02-07 GB GB6869/69A patent/GB1261247A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1517434A (en) * | 1921-12-27 | 1924-12-02 | Anne J Kluever | Heater |
US2532032A (en) * | 1947-01-28 | 1950-11-28 | Offen Bernard | Apparatus for drying webs |
US2668701A (en) * | 1951-02-03 | 1954-02-09 | Selas Corp Of America | Heating control system |
US3084489A (en) * | 1959-12-28 | 1963-04-09 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Method of sealing thermoplastic film overwrap |
US3311525A (en) * | 1963-10-02 | 1967-03-28 | Union Carbide Corp | Heat sealing apparatus including a porous member and fluid pressure |
US3382789A (en) * | 1966-04-20 | 1968-05-14 | Navy Usa | Automatic film developer |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3883718A (en) * | 1974-01-31 | 1975-05-13 | Celanese Corp | Apparatus for thermally processing of continuous lengths of fibrous materials |
US4198145A (en) * | 1977-04-25 | 1980-04-15 | Rca Corporation | Apparatus for developing photographic images on an emulsion coated film |
US4293212A (en) * | 1977-04-25 | 1981-10-06 | Rca Corporation | Thermal processor in an apparatus for developing photographic film |
US4148575A (en) * | 1977-07-22 | 1979-04-10 | Rca Corporation | Thermal processor |
US4275959A (en) * | 1979-05-10 | 1981-06-30 | Edo Western Corporation | Film processor apparatus |
US4278338A (en) * | 1980-07-21 | 1981-07-14 | Eastman Kodak Company | Camera-processor apparatus |
US4358192A (en) * | 1980-08-14 | 1982-11-09 | Wavetek Indiana, Inc. | Apparatus and method for processing heat developed photosensitive recording material |
US4360259A (en) * | 1981-02-13 | 1982-11-23 | Burgess Dennis A | Diazo developing apparatus |
US4371246A (en) * | 1981-02-13 | 1983-02-01 | Rca Corporation | Thermal processor |
US5058196A (en) * | 1987-02-17 | 1991-10-15 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Electric infrared heater having a gas permeable electroformed porous metallic panel coated with a porous ceramic far-infrared radiating layer |
US5039841A (en) * | 1987-09-11 | 1991-08-13 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Reflow furnace |
US20050048418A1 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-03 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Thermal development apparatus and thermal development process |
US7151238B2 (en) * | 2003-08-29 | 2006-12-19 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Thermal development apparatus and thermal development process |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1261247A (en) | 1972-01-26 |
FR2001549A1 (de) | 1969-09-26 |
DE1905239A1 (de) | 1969-09-18 |
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