US3495336A - Fluid bed processor - Google Patents

Fluid bed processor Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3495336A
US3495336A US650390A US3495336DA US3495336A US 3495336 A US3495336 A US 3495336A US 650390 A US650390 A US 650390A US 3495336D A US3495336D A US 3495336DA US 3495336 A US3495336 A US 3495336A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
stud
fluid bed
aperture
processor
tuyere
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US650390A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John T Gecewich
Donald E Metheny
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bangor Punta Operations Inc
Original Assignee
Bangor Punta Operations Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bangor Punta Operations Inc filed Critical Bangor Punta Operations Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3495336A publication Critical patent/US3495336A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/24—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles according to "fluidised-bed" technique
    • B01J8/44—Fluidisation grids

Definitions

  • a fluid bed processor having a grid separating the bed from a plenum therebeneath with a plurality of tuyeres in the grid for fluidizing the bed, each tuyere comprising a stud loosely fitted in an aperture in the grid and having limited axial movement in such aperture, a pin in the stud beneath the grid and a washer on the stud above the grid, the transverse dimension from the side of the stud to the opposite edge of the washer being such as to preclude flow of solids to the plenum in the open position of the tuyere regardless of the position of the stud in the aperture.
  • This invention relates generally as indicated to a fluid bed processor and more particularly to an improved tuyere or nozzle construction for fluidizing the bed.
  • grids supporting the bed of fluid bed processors have been provided with caps or nozzles which are generally screwed into the grid plate and are provided with holes drilled or machined therein either radially or tangentially to obtain proper fluidization of the bed.
  • the wall thickness of such nozzles generally require to be substantial so that when the processor is down, the solids 0f the bed will not flow back through the nozzle and into the plenum. Either the wall thickness must be willcient so that the angle of repose of the solids of the bed will not permit backflow through the nozzle or special baflies or other types of construction are provided. Needless to say, such machined and drilled nozzles which are threaded into the grid plate are costly to construct and replace.
  • -It is accordingly a principal object of the present invention to provide a tuyere for a fluid bed processor which will effectively fluidize the bed and yet be of a very economical construction.
  • Another principal object is the provision of a tuyere for a fluid bed processor which when the processor is down will positively close the grid to prevent flow of solids into the plenum.
  • Another object is the provision of a tuyere for a fluid bed processor in the form of a check plate type valve.
  • a further object is the provision of a tuyere for a fluid bed processor having simplified easily replaceable components.
  • the invention comprises the features hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description and the annexed drawing setting forth in detail a certain illustrative embodiment of the invention, this being indicative, however, of but one of the various ways in which the principles of the invention may be employed.
  • FIG. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of a fluid bed processor in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical section of the grid of the processor illustrating the tuyere of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 illustrating the tuyere oil-center within the aperture of the grid plate.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates what might be termed a typical fluid bed processor
  • such processor comprises a vessel 1 into which the solids constituting the bed are fed by screw feeder 2 through inlet passage 3.
  • Outlet passage 4 is provided for such solids.
  • the bed of solids is supported on a grid plate '5 having a plurality of tuyeres therein indicated generally at 6.
  • Such tuyeres may, for example, be spaced on centers of from about 3 to about 7 inches in the grid plate 5.
  • Beneath the grid plate 5 is a plenum chamber 8 provided with access door 9.
  • a combustion chamber 10 is connected to the plenum and a burner 11 having flanged gas inlet 12 is mounted on the end of the combustion chamber.
  • Air inlet passage 13 connected to the burner is also connected to the outlet of a turbo-compressor 14 mounted on stand 15. Air is drawn into the inlet 16 of the compressor 14 and passes through the burner 11, the combustion chamber 10 and into the plenum 8 to pass upwardly through the tuyeres 6 to fluidize the bed of solids in the vessel 1.
  • the exhaust stack 17 is connected to a cyclone separator in conventional manner to remove fines.
  • Other forms of fluid bed processors may, of course, utilize the present invention.
  • the grid plate 5 is provided with a plurality of apertures 20 in which are situated the check plate tuyeres 6.
  • Each tuyere comprises a stud 21 which may, for example, be a stainless steel buttonhead rivet.
  • the stud is provided with a transverse roll pin 22 extending through transverse aperture 23 in such stud.
  • the stud is provided with a stainless steel Washer 24 beneath the head 25 of the stud.
  • the apertures 20 in the grid plate 5 may, for example, be 1% inches in diameter.
  • the stud 21 may have a diameter of /2 inch or slightly less than half the diameter of the aperture.
  • the pin 22 may be approximately 2 inches long, while the washer 24 may have an CD. of approximately 2 /2 inches with a inch ID.
  • the washer may be simply fitted loosely on the stud or may be tack welded thereto.
  • the head 25 of the stud together With the washer 24 forms a cap over the aperture 20 which will be opened upon the application of pressure from the plenum 8.
  • the cap is of sufficient diameter, i.e. the diameter of the washer, to extend beyond the angle of repose of the solids of the bed regardless of the position of the stud within the aperture.
  • the opposite edge 26 of the washer 24 will extend beyond the angle of repose indicated at 27 struck from the opposite top edge of the aperture indicated at 28. Accordingly, regardless of the position of the washer and the stud on which it is positioned, the washer or cap of the tuyere will always overlie the aperture sufficiently to prevent backflow of solids into the plenum when the fluid bed processor is down. If for some reason a negative pressure is created in the plenum 8, the check valve effect of the check plate tuyere 6 will, of course, immediately close the apertures 20 preventing the solids from being drawn through to the plenum.
  • the tuyeres can readily be replaced simply by knocking out the pin 22 from the aperture 23 of the stud. All of the parts of the tuyere, of course, may be purchased items and no machining or special manufacturing is required. Moreover, the substantial clearance between the aperture and the stud prevents cocking of the tuyere so that it is free to move within the aperture both for limited axial movement as dictated by the position of the pin 22 and for lateral movement as seen in FIG. 3. With a /2 inch grid plate, the maximum clearance at the edge of the washer 24 between the top of the grip plate and the underside of the washer may be on the order of .1454 inch.
  • a grid supporting the bed with a plenum therebelow, a plurality of apertures in said grid, and check plate tuyeres axially movable n such apertures permitting gas flow from said plenum into said bed in response to pressure from said plenum but preventing the bed from dropping through said grid during shut-down.
  • check plate tuyeres each comprise a stud extending axially of an aperture, a cap on said stud overlying such aperture, and means limiting such axial movement of said stud within such aperture.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
US650390A 1967-06-30 1967-06-30 Fluid bed processor Expired - Lifetime US3495336A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US65039067A 1967-06-30 1967-06-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3495336A true US3495336A (en) 1970-02-17

Family

ID=24608700

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US650390A Expired - Lifetime US3495336A (en) 1967-06-30 1967-06-30 Fluid bed processor

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US3495336A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1570345A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3661177A (en) * 1969-05-14 1972-05-09 Exxon Research Engineering Co Fluid distributors
US4207682A (en) * 1978-04-03 1980-06-17 Fuller Company Fluid bed nozzle retainer
US4371115A (en) * 1978-03-01 1983-02-01 Escher Wyss Limited Ring-gap nozzle
US4574496A (en) * 1982-08-30 1986-03-11 Escher Wyss Gmbh Ring-gap nozzle and its application in a fluidized bed dryer
US20120214109A1 (en) * 2011-02-22 2012-08-23 Alstom Technology Ltd Fluidizing nozzle weld collar

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4445844A (en) * 1982-12-20 1984-05-01 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Liquid fuel and air feed apparatus for fluidized bed boiler
JPH0616903Y2 (ja) * 1986-09-12 1994-05-02 東燃株式会社 気相重合装置のガス分散板

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2745861A (en) * 1952-08-11 1956-05-15 Jr Albert G Bodine Process and apparatus using resonant sound wave and sonic flame for production of carbon monoxide, synthesis gases, and synthetic hydrocarbons
US2913318A (en) * 1955-02-08 1959-11-17 Union Carbide Corp Column-type reactor
US3040439A (en) * 1959-07-21 1962-06-26 Gen Am Transport Solids fluidizing vessel and gas diffuser plate and nozzle elements therefor
US3183064A (en) * 1961-08-29 1965-05-11 Int Nickel Co Apparatus for contacting of solids with gases in a fluidized bed

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2745861A (en) * 1952-08-11 1956-05-15 Jr Albert G Bodine Process and apparatus using resonant sound wave and sonic flame for production of carbon monoxide, synthesis gases, and synthetic hydrocarbons
US2913318A (en) * 1955-02-08 1959-11-17 Union Carbide Corp Column-type reactor
US3040439A (en) * 1959-07-21 1962-06-26 Gen Am Transport Solids fluidizing vessel and gas diffuser plate and nozzle elements therefor
US3183064A (en) * 1961-08-29 1965-05-11 Int Nickel Co Apparatus for contacting of solids with gases in a fluidized bed

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3661177A (en) * 1969-05-14 1972-05-09 Exxon Research Engineering Co Fluid distributors
US4371115A (en) * 1978-03-01 1983-02-01 Escher Wyss Limited Ring-gap nozzle
US4207682A (en) * 1978-04-03 1980-06-17 Fuller Company Fluid bed nozzle retainer
US4574496A (en) * 1982-08-30 1986-03-11 Escher Wyss Gmbh Ring-gap nozzle and its application in a fluidized bed dryer
US20120214109A1 (en) * 2011-02-22 2012-08-23 Alstom Technology Ltd Fluidizing nozzle weld collar

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1570345A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-06-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3495336A (en) Fluid bed processor
US4829912A (en) Method for controlling the particulate size distributions of the solids inventory in a circulating fluidized bed reactor
US20100325956A1 (en) Cooling chamber assembly for a gasifier
US4955295A (en) Method and system for controlling the backflow sealing efficiency and recycle rate in fluidized bed reactors
US5060599A (en) Method and reactor for combustion in a fluidized bed
GB1226666A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
US4322384A (en) Sparger nozzles
US3623948A (en) Pressurized-water nuclear reactor
CA1302054C (en) Fluidizing gas distribution device
EP0302883A1 (en) Fluidized bed combustion device with integrated solid matter separator.
US4664887A (en) Apparatus for separating solid material in a circulating fluidized bed reactor
US3283413A (en) Reaction vessel with a grid
JPS5840140A (ja) 流動床リアクタ
US3973523A (en) Vapor generator
US3057333A (en) Steam separator
US4273565A (en) Cyclone support
US5242662A (en) Solids recycle seal system for a fluidized bed reactor
US3224869A (en) Method of reducing iron oxide
GB1147899A (en) A process for controlling the temperature in and improving the performance of endothermic processes carried out in a fluidised bed
US3139726A (en) Combustion with fluidization and after-burning
US2434637A (en) Fluid separator
EP1680215A1 (en) Circulating bed reactor
US4445443A (en) Fluidized bed heat exchanger having separating drain and method of operation thereof
US3896560A (en) Two-stage fluidized bed reactor with nozzle tuyeres
US2949099A (en) Fly ash separation