US3494822A - Compact twistless multifilament yarn bundle - Google Patents
Compact twistless multifilament yarn bundle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3494822A US3494822A US552193A US3494822DA US3494822A US 3494822 A US3494822 A US 3494822A US 552193 A US552193 A US 552193A US 3494822D A US3494822D A US 3494822DA US 3494822 A US3494822 A US 3494822A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- yarn
- filaments
- adhesive
- compact
- bundle
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
- D02G3/40—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads
- D02G3/402—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads the adhesive being one component of the yarn, i.e. thermoplastic yarn
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
- Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
- Y10T428/2969—Polyamide, polyimide or polyester
Definitions
- a twistless compact multifilament yarn bundle is disclosed, consisting of a plurality of non-adhesive continuous filaments and a single potentially adhesive monofilament which effects interfilamentary cohesion.
- the invention concerns improvements in or relating to com-pact filament bundles and their production.
- filament bundles we mean a colleo tion of a plurality of filaments forming a distinct entity, whether of yarn or of tow denier and by compact we mean that the filaments of the filament bundle are closely bound to one another such that the filament bundle is manipulable as an entity.
- twistless yarns can add structure and textural characteristics of their own to fabrics.
- Filament intermingling by air jet has been one such proposal, for tow and yarn.
- Alternating S and Z twist, which can be inserted more rapidly than uni-directional twist, has been another; and filament adhesion has been another.
- fibres or filaments of an adhesion promoting substance have been mixed, in a minor proportion, with fibres or filaments of the basic material of the filament bundle, and then the adhesion promoting filaments have been activated, as by the application of heat to the bundle, to cause adhesion between all the filaments at the points of their intersection via the activated adhesion promoting filaments.
- a compact filament bundle comprises a major proportion by weight of the bundle of non-adhesive continuous filaments, said filaments being adhered to one another at some, at least, of their points of intersection by an adhesive portion of a potentially adhesive monofilament that has been rendered adhesive, said monofilament comprising a minor proportion by weight of the bundle.
- the compact filament bundle has zero bundle twist and has a hook drop distance, as defined in British Patent Specification 924,089, of less than 10 cms.
- the effect of the presence of the adhesive monofilament is essentially that of spot welding the other filaments at the affected points of their intersection. This selective effect is not obtained according to the prior proposals in which the filament bundle is composed of a plurality of each kind of filament.
- the preferred potentially adhesive monofilament is heatactivateable; and the method of activating it is by heating the composite filament bundle to a temperature insuflicient to soften the basic (non-adhesive) filaments and sufficient to cause the potentially adhesive monofilament to soften and become tacky without, however, breaking at the tension of treatment of the filament bundle.
- FIGURE 1 shows a portion of a multifilament yarn according to the invention
- FIGURE 2 shows the lay-out of apparatus and the thread-lines used in a method of making a preferred yarn according to the invention.
- FIGURE 1 a potentially adhesive monofilament 1 is shown to be adhered to certain of a plurality of non-adhesive filaments 3 at their points of mutual contact.
- the filament bundle is shown in opened condition, for the sake of clarity; but the yarn according to the invention will, in fact, have the non-adhesive filaments adhering to one another at points Where they themselves intersect.
- a packaged supply 5 of a potentially adhesive monofilament 1 is mounted for free withdrawal of the monofilament therefrom through thread-guide 7; and a packaged supply 9 of a twistless multifilament yarn 11 comprising non-adhesive filaments is mounted for free withdrawal of the yarn therefrom through the same thread-guide.
- the yarn and the monofilament are intimately combined at the thread-guide 7, and the combined structure is pulled, under the influence of the driven wind-up 13, through a heater tube 15, in which the potentially adhesive monofilament is rendered adhesive by heat so as to produce a compact composite yarn 17 which is then wound up in a package 19.
- EXAMPLE 1 Zero twist 205 34 nylon 66 yarn and a single 70 denier filament of a 65/35 polyester/polyurethane copolymer (as described in US. Patent 3,357,954) having a softening range of 135-165" C. (Vicat) were passed together through a guide at 72 feet per minute and then through an electrically heated jacket set at such a temperature as would just fail to cause the monofilament to break.
- the composite yarn after this treatment had a hook drop test distance of 6 cm., compared with a distance of over cms. for the Zero twist supply yarn.
- EXAMPLE 2 Zero twist 205/34 nylon 66 yarn was combined as in Example 1 with a single 36 denier filament of the same polymer as in Example 1 and was then passed through an electrically heated jacket set at a temperature determined as in Example 1. It was observed that the temperature of the air around the yarn near the middle of the heater was 320330 C.
- the composite yarn after this treatment had a hook drop test distance of 4 cms.
- EXAMPLE 3 Zero twist 205/34 nylon 66 yarn and a single 15 denier filament of nylon 6 (polycaprolactam) having a softening range of around 210-220 C. were combined and treated as in Example 1, the temperature of the heater being determined by the same criterion.
- the composite yarn after this treatment had a hook drop test distance of cms.
- EXAMPLE 4 Zero twist 205/ 34 nylon 66 yarn and a single denier filament of nylon 6 were combined and treated as in EX- ample 3. It was observed that the temperature of the air around the yarn near the middle of the heater was 330- 360 C.
- the composite yarn after this treatment had a hook drop test distance of 8 cms.
- Example 5 Yarns as in Example 4 were combined and treated in the same way with the heater set at a slightly lower temperature.
- the air temperature observed as in Example 4 was 315340 C.
- the composite yarn after this treatment had a hook drop test distance of cms.
- EXAMPLE 6 Zero twist 205/34 nylon 66 yarn and a single 15 denier filament of a 50/50 copolymer of nylon 66 and nylon 6.10 having a softening point of around 170 C. were combined and heated as in Example 1. The air temperature observed as in Example 2 was 290-310 C.
- the composite yarn after this treatment had a hook drop test distance of 4 cms.
- nylon 66 filaments as the basic ones of the filament bundle; nor to potentially adhesive monofilaments which are activateable by heat, or by heat alone, as in the above Examples.
- Any material in continuous filament form can constitute the basic filaments, although normally the invention will be of greatest application in respect of synthetic materials, such as those of the high molecular weight synthetic polymers, namely polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and polyarcylonitrile.
- the potentially adhesive monofilaments may be rendered adhesive by, for instance, the application of pressure in addition to heat, as by passing the composite filament bundle through pressure rollers; or they may be rendered adhesive by selective chemical treatment.
- the combined treatment may be effected by passing the yarn through a turbulent zone in a jet to which a hot gaseous fluid, such as steam or hot air, is supplied.
- a hot gaseous fluid such as steam or hot air
- a campact multifilament yarn bundle consisting of a plurality of non-adhesive continuous filaments and a single potentially adhesive monofilament, said nonadhesive filaments being adhered to one another at some, at least, of their points of intersection by an adhesive portion of said potentially adhesive monofilament that has been rendered adhesive, said non-adhesive continuous filaments constituting a major portion, by weight, of the bundle, and said potentially adhesive monofilament constituting a minor proportion by weight of the filament said compact yarn bundle having substantially zero bundle twist and a hook drop distance of less than ten centimeters.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
Feb. 10, 1970 L. H. P. WEL'DON 3,494,822
COMPACT TWISTLESS MULTIFILAMENT YARN BUNDLE Filed May 23, 1966 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I n ma n lor imwepfiwrzriimaeM-"mwy A ltorneys Feb. 10, 1970 1.. H. PQWELDON 3,494,322
COMPACT TWISTLESS MULTIFILAMENT YARN BUNDLE Filed May 23, 1966 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 waif 4.4
A llorneys United States Patent 3,494,822 COMPACT TWISTLESS MULTIFILAMENT YARN BUNDLE Leonard Harvey Pocock Weldon, Penarth, Wales, assignor to Imperial Chemical Industries Limited, London, England, a corporation of Great Britain Filed May 23, 1966, Ser. No. 552,193 Claims priority, applicat2i7on G0r}e6a5t Britain, June 28, 1965,
9 Int. Cl. D02g 3/00; D04h 1/04 US. Cl. 161172 2 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A twistless compact multifilament yarn bundle is disclosed, consisting of a plurality of non-adhesive continuous filaments and a single potentially adhesive monofilament which effects interfilamentary cohesion.
The invention concerns improvements in or relating to com-pact filament bundles and their production.
By the expression filament bundles we mean a colleo tion of a plurality of filaments forming a distinct entity, whether of yarn or of tow denier and by compact we mean that the filaments of the filament bundle are closely bound to one another such that the filament bundle is manipulable as an entity.
conventionally, filament bundles have been rendered compact by the insertion of twist. The rate of yarn production, for instance, is however limited by the capability of the twist-inserting agency; and it has long been recognised that there are advantages of productivity to be gained from the employment of twistless yarns, so long as these can be handled satisfactorily in subsequent textile processes, as for instance weaving and warp-knitting. In addition, twistless yarns can add structure and textural characteristics of their own to fabrics.
Thus, proposals have been made for other restraints on filament separation, apart from twist.
Filament intermingling by air jet has been one such proposal, for tow and yarn. Alternating S and Z twist, which can be inserted more rapidly than uni-directional twist, has been another; and filament adhesion has been another.
In one process of the latter proposal, fibres or filaments of an adhesion promoting substance have been mixed, in a minor proportion, with fibres or filaments of the basic material of the filament bundle, and then the adhesion promoting filaments have been activated, as by the application of heat to the bundle, to cause adhesion between all the filaments at the points of their intersection via the activated adhesion promoting filaments.
It is with improved compact filaments bundles, of the type containing adhesion promoting filaments, and with a process for their production, that this invention is principally concerned.
According to the invention, a compact filament bundle comprises a major proportion by weight of the bundle of non-adhesive continuous filaments, said filaments being adhered to one another at some, at least, of their points of intersection by an adhesive portion of a potentially adhesive monofilament that has been rendered adhesive, said monofilament comprising a minor proportion by weight of the bundle.
Preferably, the compact filament bundle has zero bundle twist and has a hook drop distance, as defined in British Patent Specification 924,089, of less than 10 cms.
The effect of the presence of the adhesive monofilament is essentially that of spot welding the other filaments at the affected points of their intersection. This selective effect is not obtained according to the prior proposals in which the filament bundle is composed of a plurality of each kind of filament.
The preferred potentially adhesive monofilament is heatactivateable; and the method of activating it is by heating the composite filament bundle to a temperature insuflicient to soften the basic (non-adhesive) filaments and sufficient to cause the potentially adhesive monofilament to soften and become tacky without, however, breaking at the tension of treatment of the filament bundle.
The invention will now be described by reference to the following diagrammatic drawings, in which FIGURE 1 shows a portion of a multifilament yarn according to the invention; and
FIGURE 2 shows the lay-out of apparatus and the thread-lines used in a method of making a preferred yarn according to the invention.
In FIGURE 1, a potentially adhesive monofilament 1 is shown to be adhered to certain of a plurality of non-adhesive filaments 3 at their points of mutual contact. The filament bundle is shown in opened condition, for the sake of clarity; but the yarn according to the invention will, in fact, have the non-adhesive filaments adhering to one another at points Where they themselves intersect.
In FIGURE 2, a packaged supply 5 of a potentially adhesive monofilament 1 is mounted for free withdrawal of the monofilament therefrom through thread-guide 7; and a packaged supply 9 of a twistless multifilament yarn 11 comprising non-adhesive filaments is mounted for free withdrawal of the yarn therefrom through the same thread-guide.
The yarn and the monofilament are intimately combined at the thread-guide 7, and the combined structure is pulled, under the influence of the driven wind-up 13, through a heater tube 15, in which the potentially adhesive monofilament is rendered adhesive by heat so as to produce a compact composite yarn 17 which is then wound up in a package 19.
The invention will be further described without limitation by the following examples, in each of which a strand of the basic filaments of nylon 66 (polyhexamethylene adipamide) is combined with one of several potentially adhesive monofilaments and the composite filament bundle is treated by heat on passage through a heated zone.
EXAMPLE 1 Zero twist 205 34 nylon 66 yarn and a single 70 denier filament of a 65/35 polyester/polyurethane copolymer (as described in US. Patent 3,357,954) having a softening range of 135-165" C. (Vicat) were passed together through a guide at 72 feet per minute and then through an electrically heated jacket set at such a temperature as would just fail to cause the monofilament to break.
The composite yarn after this treatment had a hook drop test distance of 6 cm., compared with a distance of over cms. for the Zero twist supply yarn.
EXAMPLE 2 Zero twist 205/34 nylon 66 yarn was combined as in Example 1 with a single 36 denier filament of the same polymer as in Example 1 and was then passed through an electrically heated jacket set at a temperature determined as in Example 1. It was observed that the temperature of the air around the yarn near the middle of the heater was 320330 C.
The composite yarn after this treatment had a hook drop test distance of 4 cms.
EXAMPLE 3 Zero twist 205/34 nylon 66 yarn and a single 15 denier filament of nylon 6 (polycaprolactam) having a softening range of around 210-220 C. were combined and treated as in Example 1, the temperature of the heater being determined by the same criterion.
The composite yarn after this treatment had a hook drop test distance of cms.
EXAMPLE 4 Zero twist 205/ 34 nylon 66 yarn and a single denier filament of nylon 6 were combined and treated as in EX- ample 3. It was observed that the temperature of the air around the yarn near the middle of the heater was 330- 360 C.
The composite yarn after this treatment had a hook drop test distance of 8 cms.
EXAMPLE 5 Yarns as in Example 4 were combined and treated in the same way with the heater set at a slightly lower temperature. The air temperature observed as in Example 4 was 315340 C.
The composite yarn after this treatment had a hook drop test distance of cms.
EXAMPLE 6 Zero twist 205/34 nylon 66 yarn and a single 15 denier filament of a 50/50 copolymer of nylon 66 and nylon 6.10 having a softening point of around 170 C. were combined and heated as in Example 1. The air temperature observed as in Example 2 was 290-310 C.
The composite yarn after this treatment had a hook drop test distance of 4 cms.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to nylon 66 filaments as the basic ones of the filament bundle; nor to potentially adhesive monofilaments which are activateable by heat, or by heat alone, as in the above Examples.
Any material in continuous filament form can constitute the basic filaments, although normally the invention will be of greatest application in respect of synthetic materials, such as those of the high molecular weight synthetic polymers, namely polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate and polyarcylonitrile.
The potentially adhesive monofilaments may be rendered adhesive by, for instance, the application of pressure in addition to heat, as by passing the composite filament bundle through pressure rollers; or they may be rendered adhesive by selective chemical treatment.
If it is desired to combine activation with lengthwise contraction (relaxation) of the basic filaments of the yarn, then conveniently the combined treatment may be effected by passing the yarn through a turbulent zone in a jet to which a hot gaseous fluid, such as steam or hot air, is supplied. Such a requirement may well be present in the production of multifilament yarns of nylon for weaving; and the treatment may conveniently be carried out on the yarn immediately after drawing and prior to winding.
What I claim is:
1. A campact multifilament yarn bundle consisting of a plurality of non-adhesive continuous filaments and a single potentially adhesive monofilament, said nonadhesive filaments being adhered to one another at some, at least, of their points of intersection by an adhesive portion of said potentially adhesive monofilament that has been rendered adhesive, said non-adhesive continuous filaments constituting a major portion, by weight, of the bundle, and said potentially adhesive monofilament constituting a minor proportion by weight of the filament said compact yarn bundle having substantially zero bundle twist and a hook drop distance of less than ten centimeters.
2. A compact multifilament bundle as claimed in claim 1 of which the potentially adhesive monofilament has a softening temperature below that of the non-adhesive continuous filaments.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,500,282 3/1950 Francis 161-150 2,688,380 9/1954 MacHenry 183-44 2,812,767 11/1957 MacHenry 131-10 2,979,433 4/1961 MacHenry 156-159 3,144,025 8/ 1964 Erlich 131-264 3,388,030 6/1968 Estes et a1 161-172 ROBERT F. BURNETT, Primary Examiner L. M. CARLIN, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 161-15 0
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB27280/65A GB1085567A (en) | 1965-06-28 | 1965-06-28 | Improvements in or relating to compact filament bundles and their production |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3494822A true US3494822A (en) | 1970-02-10 |
Family
ID=10257013
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US552193A Expired - Lifetime US3494822A (en) | 1965-06-28 | 1966-05-23 | Compact twistless multifilament yarn bundle |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3494822A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE1950707U (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1085567A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1988003969A1 (en) * | 1986-11-24 | 1988-06-02 | Allied Corporation | Synthetic yarn with heat-activated binder fiber |
| US5284009A (en) * | 1993-03-09 | 1994-02-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fiber blends for improved carpet texture retention |
| US5756152A (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1998-05-26 | Monsanto Company | Carpet having improved appearance and wear resistance |
| US6658835B1 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2003-12-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Untwisted wrapped singles yarns and carpets manufactured therefrom |
| US6682618B1 (en) | 1986-11-24 | 2004-01-27 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Yarn with heat-activated binder material and process of making |
| US20050051252A1 (en) * | 1986-11-24 | 2005-03-10 | Bowers Charles Edward | Yarn with heat-activated binder material and process of making |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5120615B1 (en) * | 1967-12-29 | 1976-06-26 | ||
| GB2218432B (en) * | 1988-05-10 | 1992-08-05 | Albany Int Corp | Method for producing impregnated coated yarn |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2500282A (en) * | 1944-06-08 | 1950-03-14 | American Viscose Corp | Fibrous products and process for making them |
| US2688380A (en) * | 1951-07-13 | 1954-09-07 | American Viscose Corp | Filter cartridge |
| US2812767A (en) * | 1955-05-17 | 1957-11-12 | American Viscose Corp | Absorbent element for filters and the like |
| US2979433A (en) * | 1956-03-09 | 1961-04-11 | American Viscose Corp | Method of reshaping fibrous filter rods |
| US3144025A (en) * | 1960-04-25 | 1964-08-11 | Reeves Bros Inc | Tobacco smoke filters |
| US3388030A (en) * | 1965-03-26 | 1968-06-11 | Monsanto Co | Twistless synthetic multifilament yarns and process for making the same |
-
1965
- 1965-06-28 GB GB27280/65A patent/GB1085567A/en not_active Expired
-
1966
- 1966-05-23 US US552193A patent/US3494822A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1966-06-28 DE DEJ15284U patent/DE1950707U/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2500282A (en) * | 1944-06-08 | 1950-03-14 | American Viscose Corp | Fibrous products and process for making them |
| US2688380A (en) * | 1951-07-13 | 1954-09-07 | American Viscose Corp | Filter cartridge |
| US2812767A (en) * | 1955-05-17 | 1957-11-12 | American Viscose Corp | Absorbent element for filters and the like |
| US2979433A (en) * | 1956-03-09 | 1961-04-11 | American Viscose Corp | Method of reshaping fibrous filter rods |
| US3144025A (en) * | 1960-04-25 | 1964-08-11 | Reeves Bros Inc | Tobacco smoke filters |
| US3388030A (en) * | 1965-03-26 | 1968-06-11 | Monsanto Co | Twistless synthetic multifilament yarns and process for making the same |
Cited By (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1988003969A1 (en) * | 1986-11-24 | 1988-06-02 | Allied Corporation | Synthetic yarn with heat-activated binder fiber |
| JPH02501835A (en) * | 1986-11-24 | 1990-06-21 | アライド・コーポレーション | Carpet manufacturing method |
| US7189295B2 (en) | 1986-11-24 | 2007-03-13 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Yarn with heat-activated binder material and process of making |
| US20050051252A1 (en) * | 1986-11-24 | 2005-03-10 | Bowers Charles Edward | Yarn with heat-activated binder material and process of making |
| JP2719338B2 (en) | 1986-11-24 | 1998-02-25 | アライド・コーポレーション | Carpet making |
| US6682618B1 (en) | 1986-11-24 | 2004-01-27 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Yarn with heat-activated binder material and process of making |
| AU692151B2 (en) * | 1993-03-09 | 1998-06-04 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fiber blends for improved carpet texture retention |
| WO1994020657A1 (en) * | 1993-03-09 | 1994-09-15 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fiber blends for improved carpet texture retention |
| US5284009A (en) * | 1993-03-09 | 1994-02-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fiber blends for improved carpet texture retention |
| US5756152A (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1998-05-26 | Monsanto Company | Carpet having improved appearance and wear resistance |
| US6969437B1 (en) | 1997-01-30 | 2005-11-29 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Yarn with heat-activated binder material and process of making |
| US6658835B1 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2003-12-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Untwisted wrapped singles yarns and carpets manufactured therefrom |
| US20040020183A1 (en) * | 2000-11-28 | 2004-02-05 | Honeywell International | Untwisted wrapped singles yarns and carpets manufactured therefrom |
| US7398640B2 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2008-07-15 | Honeywell International Inc. | Untwisted wrapped singles yarns and carpets manufactured therefrom |
| US7402217B2 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2008-07-22 | Honeywell International Inc. | Untwisted wrapped singles yarns and carpets manufactured therefrom |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1085567A (en) | 1967-10-04 |
| DE1950707U (en) | 1966-12-01 |
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