US3490110A - Slide-fastener stringers for bed linen and the like - Google Patents

Slide-fastener stringers for bed linen and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US3490110A
US3490110A US699583A US3490110DA US3490110A US 3490110 A US3490110 A US 3490110A US 699583 A US699583 A US 699583A US 3490110D A US3490110D A US 3490110DA US 3490110 A US3490110 A US 3490110A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fabric
shrinkage
coupling
heads
slide
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Expired - Lifetime
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US699583A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alfons Frohlich
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Opti Holding AG
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Opti Holding AG
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Publication date
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Publication of US3490110A publication Critical patent/US3490110A/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A44—HABERDASHERY; JEWELLERY
    • A44B—BUTTONS, PINS, BUCKLES, SLIDE FASTENERS, OR THE LIKE
    • A44B19/00—Slide fasteners
    • A44B19/42—Making by processes not fully provided for in one other class, e.g. B21D53/50, B21F45/18, B22D17/16, B29D5/00
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/25—Zipper or required component thereof
    • Y10T24/2518—Zipper or required component thereof having coiled or bent continuous wire interlocking surface
    • Y10T24/2527—Attached by stitching
    • Y10T24/2529—String or stringer tape having distinctive property [e.g., heat sensitive]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49782—Method of mechanical manufacture of a slide fastener

Definitions

  • thermoplastic slide fastener once stitched in place, produced considerable wrinkling and stressing of the fabric as a result of such shrinkage.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide improved slide-fastener stringers for fabric articles with relatively high transversed or shear strength resisting separation of the interengaged coupling elements.
  • Still another object is to provide an improved method of making a slide-fastener assembly.
  • the slide-fastener stringers for bed linen and the like can comprise a pair of support or carrying bands or tapes, advantageously composed of a fabric shrinkable to the same extent as that of the bed linen in the direction in which these bands extend, the tapes being provided along their approaching longitudinal edges with continuous coupling elements whose heads are spaced upon by an amount exceeding the normal head width but such that, with shrinkage up to about 10% in the overall length of the band (preferably about 5% shrinkage), the gap between heads is shortened such that the heads of the other coupling element are engaged in a tight-fitting manner.
  • the coupling elements are-coupled of syntheticresin rnonofilaments (e.g. a nylon polyamide) with a filament diameter of 0.2 to about 0.6 mm., the shrinkage step reading to a decrease in a gap width of about 0.1 mm. so that the overall shrinkage of the coupling chain 0.1 N mm. where N is the number of coupling heads and the shrinkage is 0.1 mm. per coupling head.
  • N is the number of coupling heads and the shrinkage is 0.1 mm. per coupling head.
  • the present invention is based upon the fact that coupling elements of the continuous type, i.e. formed with a continuous chain of coupling heads molded by heat and pressure in the respective turns of a couplingelement coil of thermoplastic synthetic resin, is able to be subjected to elastic deformation in the longitudinal direction because the successive turns constitute in effect a coil spring.
  • the shrinkage of the fabric upon which the coils are mounted can be used directly or indirectly to condense the coils through the clearance or play originally provided between the heads, thereby bringing each pair of coupling heads into tight-fitting or hugging engagement with the coupling head of the opposing element which previously was only loosely received in the interhead space.
  • the slide-fastener elements may be fixed directly or indirectly along opposite edges of a shrinkage-fabric article (e.g. bed linen and the like composed of cotton or mixtures of cotton with other fibers) and need not interfit tightly; the resistance of the slide fastener to separation and its transverse strength are both minimum.
  • a shrinkage-fabric article e.g. bed linen and the like composed of cotton or mixtures of cotton with other fibers
  • the resistance of the slide fastener to separation and its transverse strength are both minimum.
  • the coupling element is composed of a nylon-type monofilamentary polyamide having a circular cross-section and shaped into generally flat coils whose opposite longitudinal sides run parallel to the juxtaposed edges of the fabric band or the fabric article upon which the coupling elements are mounted.
  • the coupling heads are formed by plastic deformation (i.e. underheat and pressure) of the turns of the flattened coil along the corresponding edge as has been described in application Ser. No.
  • the longitudinal extent of the deformed portions or heads of the turns may be less than the corresponding gap between the heads whereby th diameter of the receiving portions of the coupling elements is larger than the length of the coupling surfaces of the coupling head to form thereby the play mentioned earlier. It is possible to provide a structure of this nature by a one-sided deformation of the coupling elements, ie by pressing the flattened turns in the plane of their major diameters transversely to the longitudinal direction with heat and pressure. The resulting coils may be of pearshaped cross-section.
  • coupling elements which are composed of monofilamentary threads of thermoplastic synthetic resin with elliptical or sickle (crescent) shaped configuration, the turns being designed such that the individual coupling heads are inclined in the longitudinal direction and interengage, the heads being spaced such that shrinkage of the engageable slide fastener, upon the fabric-handling treatment discussed earlier, permits the interengaged heads to penetrate deeper into the interhead spaces.
  • double-chain stitches may be used with a single continuous thread row or a plurality of parallel rows, the threads for the stitching operation having a shrinkage corresponding to that of the band and the article.
  • the shrinkage of the stitching threads can be selected by proper choice of the yarn and fiber content, by adjustment of the thread tension or by selection of an appropriate spinning or twisting degree. It has also been found to be important to prevent the shrinkage force applied by the support band to the fabric articles at a value less than that developed by the fabric articles during their own shrinkage process. In other words, the shrinkage of the coils should be limited by the fabric of the article rather than the fabric of the hand.
  • I may provide syntheticresin monofilamentary warp threads in the band which limit shrinkage thereof or which are shrinkable to establish, at the temperature of the first fabric treatment subsequent to attachment of the stringer, to a point such that further shrinkage of the band is limited at about the shrinkage of the fabric article.
  • the band may be highly advantageous to provide the band as a loose Weave or knit mesh which can condense upon shrinkage of the fabric article but which is not itself shrunk by the fabric treatment so that the band, like the coils, mechanically condenses upon shrinkage of the fabric. This latter arrangement has the significant advantage that a single stringer may be used on fabric articles with a wide range of shrinkage potential and on fabric articles of widely differing materials.
  • the stringer should be provided with an ironable slider of the type described and claimed in my copending application Ser. No. 651,757 of July 7, 1967 or my application Ser. No. 698,226 (attorneys docket No. 5674) filed on or about Jan. 16, 1968 and entitled Slider with Cantilevered Guide Formations for Slide-Fastener Closures.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view, somewhat in diagrammatic form, of a slide-fastener stringer in a preliminary stage of manufacture and prior to shrinkage of the fabric article upon which it is provided;
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 showing the stringer after such shrinkage
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of another type of slide-fastener assembly showing the position of the interengaged coupling elements prior to shrinkage in solid lines and subsequent to shrinkage in dot-dash lines;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view along the lines VV of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view similar to FIG. 1 showing another embodiment of the instant invention.
  • FIG. 1 of the present case I show a fabric support comprising a pair of bands la and 1b which represent a shrinkage fabric to which a pair of continuous coupling elements 2 and 3 are attached by parallel rows of doublechain stitches 9 whose paths are shown in broken lines in FIG. 1.
  • the stitches are represented in structural terms in FIG. 3.
  • the support 1a, 1b may represent the fabric article (e.g. bed linen, pillow slips, etc.) or support tapes which are to be secured to the fabric article subsequently as described above.
  • the interengageable coupling heads 6a and 6b are formed on respective turns of a pear-shaped cross-section monofilarnentary synthetic-resin thread by deforming these turns in the direction of arrow A and A under heat and pressure to create lateral protuberances 6a and 61;, respectively.
  • the heads are each located along the outer longitudinal side of the shanks 7a and 7b forming the turns, the shanks being attached to the bands 1a and 112 by the row of double-chain stitches 9 (FIG. 3).
  • the spacing D between the turns of the coupling elements 2 and 3 exceeds the diameter d of the monofilamentary material by amounts represented at 5 which correspond to the play between each pair of heads of one coupling element and the head of the other coupling element received between them.
  • the gaps 4 are designed to amount to up to of the overall length of the coupling element and preferably about 5% thereof with about 0.1 mm. per interhead space. Consequently, the interengaged coupling elements of FIG. 1, prior to shrink age, fit with considerable looseness. It is desirable, moreover, that the protuberances 6a and 6b project outwardly from the respective heads in the longitudinal direction by approximately 0.1 mm.
  • the cross-section of the coupling-element threads is substantially similar while each turn is deformed into a pear-shaped cross-section (FIG. 3) such that the diameter of the socket 8 of the coupling members at 4 is greater than the length of the coupling protuberances 6a and 6b.
  • the one-side pressures upon the coupling turns in the direction of arrows A and A causes an inward bowing of the shanks 7a and 7b of each turn toward one another, thereby permitting the diameter of the receptacle 8 to be larger than that possible when the shanks will bend away from one another.
  • the fabric support 10, 1b is subjected to its first washing after the attachment of the coupling elements to the fabric article, the fabric shrinks substantially (FIG. 2), (preferably about 5%) to mechanically condense the couplingelement coils 2 and 3 and thereby provide the tight fit shown in FIG. 2.
  • the coupling elements 12 and 13 are constituted of a monofilamentary resin with generally elliptical or sickle-shaped cross section (see especially FIG. 5).
  • the coupling elements may be attached to a shrinkable fabric support 11a or 11b or to a loosely woven tape or band which is secured to the shrinkable bed linen.
  • the individual turns or coupling heads 14 here interfit and are inclined toward the longitudinal direction B.
  • the spacing between the coupling heads 14 is so chosen that, with shrinkage of the bands 11a and 11b, the coupling heads penetrate deeper into the gaps between the coupling heads of the opposing elements by the foreshortening play represented at 15.
  • the preshrinkage position of the coupling elements 12 and 13 is represented in solid lines while the postshrinkage position is shown by dotdash lines.
  • FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of this invention wherein the shrinkage of the band 21a and 21b which are to be stitched to the fabric article, is limited by thermally shrinkable warp threads diagrammatically illustrated at but constituting the entire warp array.
  • the bands 21a and 21b are formed with a ladderlike array of openings 21b through which the coupling heads 24 of the coils 22 and 23 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) extend.
  • the coupling elements are retained in place upon shrinkage of the fabric bands as described in my copending applications Ser. Nos. 619,833 and 624,647.
  • the dot-dash position of the coupling elements is assumed and the foreshortening play is represented at 25.
  • one or more rows of double-chain stitches 9 may be provided to retain the coupling elements upon the band or fabric article as illustrated in FIGS. 15.
  • the thread tension of these stitches is selected such that they permit shrinkage in step with the fabric.
  • the bands 1a, 1b, 11a, 11b and 21a, 21b may be loosely woven or knitted condensable fabric tabs which allow shrinkage of the fabric and the coupling chains of the bed linen during the initial washing process.
  • synthetic-resin monofilament threads 10 are provided to limit the total shrinkage of the band approximately to the shrinkage of the fabric.
  • a slide-fastener assembly adapted to be mounted upon a shrinkable fabric article and having a shrinkable fabric support and a pair of interchangeable continuous coupling elements with a multiplicity of turns each forming a coupling head receivable between coupling heads of the other coup-ling element and compose of a synthetic resin, the coupling heads of each element being spaced apart to receive the coupling heads of the other element with a play reducible by shrinkage of said support up to 10% of the length of the coupling elements.
  • a method of making a slide-fastener assembly for a fabric article up to 10% in at least one direction comprising the steps of forming a pair of coupling-element coils of thermoplastic monofilamentary synthetic resin with respective coupling heads on each turn of the coils receivable between the coupling heads of the other coil and with an interhead spacing forming with the heads of the opposing coil clearances of about 0.1 mm.; mounting said coils upon respective support bands of a fabric shrinkable in the longitudinal direction by an amount of about 10% over the length of the respective coil; securing the respective bands to the fabric article with the bands and said elements extending in said direction; and subjecting said article to a fabric treatment with said bands secured thereto to shrink the article, said bands and said coils, thereby condensing the heads of each coil by said clearance.

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  • Slide Fasteners (AREA)
US699583A 1967-01-21 1968-01-22 Slide-fastener stringers for bed linen and the like Expired - Lifetime US3490110A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEO0012245 1967-01-21

Publications (1)

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US3490110A true US3490110A (en) 1970-01-20

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US (1) US3490110A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1610381B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1554078A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1211646A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3629911A (en) * 1968-03-13 1971-12-28 Bernd Porepp Slide fastener
US3699618A (en) * 1970-04-13 1972-10-24 Financ Franciase De Licences E Row of fastener elements for a slide
US3728979A (en) * 1969-11-28 1973-04-24 Opti Holding Ag Method of producing slide-fastener stringers
US3783476A (en) * 1971-10-13 1974-01-08 Opti Holding Ag Slide fastener stringer with stitched coupling element
US3795950A (en) * 1969-02-18 1974-03-12 Sohr Hans Ulrich Concealed slide fastener
US4044431A (en) * 1975-01-09 1977-08-30 Textron Inc. Slide fastener and method and apparatus of manufacture
US4134353A (en) * 1971-11-19 1979-01-16 Textron Inc. Sliding clasp fastener and method of producing the same
US4187791A (en) * 1975-01-09 1980-02-12 Textron Inc. Method of manufacturing slide fastener stringers
US6352044B1 (en) * 2001-03-06 2002-03-05 Mu-Hsun Peng Sewing needle structure for stitching a hidden nylon zipper
US20140230197A1 (en) * 2011-09-21 2014-08-21 Ykk Corporation Slide Fastener and Method for Manufacturing Slide Fastener
US20170127770A1 (en) * 2015-11-10 2017-05-11 Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri San. Ve Tic. A.S. Method of producing elastic garments with zippers
US20180110302A1 (en) * 2016-10-24 2018-04-26 Chao-Mu Chou Continuous element slide fastener
US20220192325A1 (en) * 2019-05-09 2022-06-23 Ykk Corporation Fastener Chain and Slide Fastener

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5558101A (en) * 1978-10-24 1980-04-30 Yoshida Kogyo Kk Hea setting of slide fastener chain

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1724311A (en) * 1929-08-13 Interlocking fastener construction
US1848877A (en) * 1932-03-08 of waterbury
US3354853A (en) * 1963-09-06 1967-11-28 Sohr Hans Ulrich Process of manufacturing sliding clasp fasteners

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR948044A (fr) * 1947-05-29 1949-07-20 F Calemard Ets Procédé de revêtement des joints, barres, barreaux, tubes, cadres, garnitures ou autres objets analogues
DE1088894B (de) * 1958-10-24 1960-09-15 Dr Hugo Wilcken Reissverschluss

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1724311A (en) * 1929-08-13 Interlocking fastener construction
US1848877A (en) * 1932-03-08 of waterbury
US3354853A (en) * 1963-09-06 1967-11-28 Sohr Hans Ulrich Process of manufacturing sliding clasp fasteners

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3629911A (en) * 1968-03-13 1971-12-28 Bernd Porepp Slide fastener
US3795950A (en) * 1969-02-18 1974-03-12 Sohr Hans Ulrich Concealed slide fastener
US3728979A (en) * 1969-11-28 1973-04-24 Opti Holding Ag Method of producing slide-fastener stringers
US3699618A (en) * 1970-04-13 1972-10-24 Financ Franciase De Licences E Row of fastener elements for a slide
US3783476A (en) * 1971-10-13 1974-01-08 Opti Holding Ag Slide fastener stringer with stitched coupling element
US4134353A (en) * 1971-11-19 1979-01-16 Textron Inc. Sliding clasp fastener and method of producing the same
US4044431A (en) * 1975-01-09 1977-08-30 Textron Inc. Slide fastener and method and apparatus of manufacture
US4187791A (en) * 1975-01-09 1980-02-12 Textron Inc. Method of manufacturing slide fastener stringers
US6352044B1 (en) * 2001-03-06 2002-03-05 Mu-Hsun Peng Sewing needle structure for stitching a hidden nylon zipper
US20140230197A1 (en) * 2011-09-21 2014-08-21 Ykk Corporation Slide Fastener and Method for Manufacturing Slide Fastener
US10016026B2 (en) * 2011-09-21 2018-07-10 Ykk Corporation Slide fastener and method for manufacturing slide fastener
US20170127770A1 (en) * 2015-11-10 2017-05-11 Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri San. Ve Tic. A.S. Method of producing elastic garments with zippers
JP2017106149A (ja) * 2015-11-10 2017-06-15 サンコ テキスタイル イスレットメレリ サン ベ ティク エーエスＳａｎｋｏ Ｔｅｋｓｔｉｌ Ｉｓｌｅｔｍｅｌｅｒｉ Ｓａｎ． Ｖｅ Ｔｉｃ． Ａ．Ｓ． ジッパーを有する伸縮性衣類の製法
US20180110302A1 (en) * 2016-10-24 2018-04-26 Chao-Mu Chou Continuous element slide fastener
US20220192325A1 (en) * 2019-05-09 2022-06-23 Ykk Corporation Fastener Chain and Slide Fastener
US11786016B2 (en) * 2019-05-09 2023-10-17 Ykk Corporation Fastener chain and slide fastener

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Publication number Publication date
DE1610381B1 (de) 1970-04-23
FR1554078A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-01-17
GB1211646A (en) 1970-11-11

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