US3489966A - Cathode ray tube with stainless steel grid sealed into glass envelope - Google Patents

Cathode ray tube with stainless steel grid sealed into glass envelope Download PDF

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Publication number
US3489966A
US3489966A US621695A US3489966DA US3489966A US 3489966 A US3489966 A US 3489966A US 621695 A US621695 A US 621695A US 3489966D A US3489966D A US 3489966DA US 3489966 A US3489966 A US 3489966A
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United States
Prior art keywords
glass
wires
tube
grid
envelope
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Expired - Lifetime
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US621695A
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English (en)
Inventor
Georges Bradu
Jean Pierre Driffort
Pierre Bonvalot
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/16—Picture reproducers using cathode ray tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/025—Mounting or supporting arrangements for grids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/10—Screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted or stored
    • H01J29/18—Luminescent screens
    • H01J29/28—Luminescent screens with protective, conductive or reflective layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/86—Vessels; Containers; Vacuum locks
    • H01J29/861—Vessels or containers characterised by the form or the structure thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
    • H01J31/20—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes for displaying images or patterns in two or more colours
    • H01J31/201—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes for displaying images or patterns in two or more colours using a colour-selection electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
    • H01J31/20—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes for displaying images or patterns in two or more colours
    • H01J31/201—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes for displaying images or patterns in two or more colours using a colour-selection electrode
    • H01J31/203—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes for displaying images or patterns in two or more colours using a colour-selection electrode with more than one electron beam

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to cathode ray tubes in which a grid of tensioned wires is provided for postacceleration, post-focusing, or as a barrier against secondary emission from adjacent electrodes.
  • the invention is of special interest, although not exclusively, in the case of television picture tubes having a focusing grid and a screen with luminescent strips, such as used in color television.
  • the electron beam or beams emitted from one or more electron guns, reach the luminescent strips of the screen after passage through one or more grids made up of stretched Wires and intended to focus correctly the electrons at the desired place by introducing both a post-acceleration and a post-focusing effect.
  • the grid or grids of these tubes must meet certain strict conditions for obtaining correct color pictures, which conditions generally complicate the manufacture of the tubes. These conditions are:
  • the grid must be a plane array of parallel metal wires, wherein the planeness of the assembly and the parallelism of the wires must be observed with high accuracy.
  • the tension of the wires must be as high as possible in order to reduce or suppress the wire vibration which would adversely affect the picture quality.
  • the mechanical tension which permits to fulfill both of the above conditions is fairly high and may be estimated at 700-800 grs. Since, on the other hand, the number of wires may be from. 250 to 600, or even more, depending on the size of the tube, the support in which the wire ends are inserted is submitted to a considerable stress and must therefore have a high degree of mechanical rigidity so as to resist deformation.
  • a glass envelope for the tube presents, owing to its thickness, the required mechanical resistance, and it is theoretically possible to utilize the envelope as a frame for tensioning the wires, provided that each wire is sealed at its ends to a sufficient portion of the thickness of the envelope wall.
  • metal-to-glass welds are very diflicult to make whenever complete air-tightness is required and because such welds require the use of special metal alloys compatible with glass in regard of the thermal expansion coefficient. Moreover, wires, made from these alloys often are unable to withstand the high tension required for the aforementioned conditions.
  • the present invention has as object to eliminate these drawbacks and to obtain cathode ray tubes provided with large size grids, made up of stretched wire arrays, that satisfy the conditions mentioned above, while considerably simplifying the manufacturing.
  • a cathode ray tube comprising an air-tight glass envelope, consisting of two parts tightly sealed to each other, a fluorescent screen disposed in one of said portions, one or more electron guns disposed in the other portion for emitting electrons toward the screen, and a grid parallel to the screen, sealed between the two envelope portions and made up of metal wires extending to the outer surface of the envelope.
  • the envelope surface zone which comprises the wire ends is coated with a layer of an electrically conducting substance, and the conducting layer itself is covered with a layer of sealing material adapted to ensure the air-tightness between the two portions of the envelope.
  • FIG. 1 represents schematically and in partial crosssection a color television picture tube of conventional shape, comprising a focusing grid made up of stretched, parallel metal wires;
  • FIG. 2 shows, in a partial, axial cross-section and on a large scale, an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 represents the assembly of FIG. 2 in a stripped view
  • FIG. 4 shows in cross-section a plane face tube.
  • a color television picture tube having a focusing and post-acceleration grid.
  • the tube comprises an evacuated envelope composed of a flared or conically terminated rear portion 1 and a frontal portion or face 2 welded to each other along a sealing line 3 which may be of any form depending on the geometry of the front face, for example, circular or substantially rectangular.
  • the surface of the front face may be spherical, cylindrical or of any other suitable form. Adjacent the front face 2 are arranged, on the one hand, a luminescent screen 5, maintained in position by supports 5', and on the other hand, a plane array of parallel wires 4, forming a focusing grid. Screen 5 comprises triads of strips of luminescent substances of the fundamental colors chosen, for example, red, green and blue. The color strips and the grid wires are arranged perpendicularly to the plane of FIG. 1. It is known that the luminescent strips may also be deposited directly on the inner surface of the front face 2 of the tube.
  • the grid and the screen are set at potentials Vg and Ve, respectively, by means of lead-in conduc tors provided in the envelope (not shown).
  • FIG. 2 shows in detail the way in which the wires of grid 4 are fixed by sealing between the front portion 2 and the cone 1 of the tube. It may be seen in this figure that each wire 4 is pinched between the rectified annular edges 1a and 2a of the cone and the front face, respectively, the sealing being made in the entire thickness of the wall by means of a ceramised glass cement. A portion of the seal is shown stripped in order to indicate the position of the wires 4 between the cone and the front face 2 of the tube. The wires are cut at 4a, that is flush with the seal, and a conducting layer 7 is applied on the entire periphery of the welding line and consequently on the cross-sections of the cut wires.
  • the conducting layer 7 may be, for example, a conducting paint or a mixture of colloidal silver and ceramisable glass.
  • ceramisable glass is meant a kind of glass, such as the one known under the trade-mark Pyroceram, which becomes crystalline and acquires properties of ceramics after heating at a certain temperature for a determined time.
  • An extension 7a of the conducting layer is connected to a contact or terminal 8, provided on the wall of the frontal tube portion.
  • the air tightness of the seal is achieved, in accordance with the invention, by an annular layer 9 of ceramisable glass, deposited over the conducting layer 7; this sealing layer is itself locked at the moment of application by a ribbon .10 made, for example, from woven glass fibres, which may without any inconvenience be left permanently on the tube.
  • FIG. 3 clearly shows the reciprocal positions of the different elements specified above, and particularly: the wires 4, seen here in cross-section, between the edges of cone 1 and the front face 2; the ceramisable glass material of seal 6; the conducting layer 7 with its extension 7a, connected to the contact or terminal 8; the sealing layer 9 of ceramisable glass which covers externally the conducting layer 7 and ensures the air-tightness of the seal, and finally, the loop of glass fibres 10.
  • the grid is maintained in the form of a flat array of parallel wires, stretched to the desired tension.
  • a paste of ceramisable glass is applied to the sealing surfaces 1a and 2a, suitably rectified, of the cone and the front face, respectively.
  • the cone and the front face are then brought together on either side of the wire array so that their edges clamp the wire array with a certain pressure to ensure good contact.
  • the whole assembly is placed in an oven at a temperature and for a duration according to the type of ceramisable glass used, for example, one hour at 440 C.
  • This thermal treatment removes the binder and carrier of the ceramisable glass paste: the ceramisable glass then acquires a solid vitrocrystalline state and forms a cement which firmly retains the wires and at the same time ensures the mutual seal of the cone and the front part of the tube.
  • the wires are cut flush with the outer wall, and the sealing line and wire extremities are coated with a paste mlade from a mixture of ceramisable glass and colloidal s1 ver.
  • This paste is also used for making the junction 7a to the terminal 8.
  • the sealing layer 9, which may consist of the same ceramisable glass as the seal 6, is applied so as to cover completely the conducting layer 7.
  • a glass fiber loop 10 is applied thereto.
  • the whole assembly may then be submitted directly to the pumping process required for any electron tube to be evacuated.
  • the heating, to which the tube is always submitted during the pumping process, may be utilized for baking-out the ceramisable glass of the layers 7 and 9. The heating may last, for example, 2 hours at a temperature of 420 C.
  • Another advantage of the invention lies in the fact that, owing to its special properties, the ceramisable glass is capable to clamp the metal grid wires without resorting to the bonds which characterize a glass-metal weld.
  • FIG. 4 shows in cross-section a picture tube in accordance with the invention, wherein the face plate has a plane inner surface.
  • a plane face plate increases the risk of implosion so that for avoiding prohibitive glass thicknesses tubes with a convex face plate (cylindrical or spherical) have generally been adopted.
  • the tube shown in FIG. 4 is a color television picture tube having three electron guns, a focusing grid, parallel luminescent strips, and a plane face plate. Shown in the figure are only those elements of the tube which are necessary for the understanding of the invention.
  • the front portion 11 of the tube comprises a plane face plate 14 and a rim or skirt 15.
  • the grid 13 is directly welded between the skirt 15 and the cone 12.
  • the fluorescent screen 16 consisting of parallel luminescent strips reproducing the three primary colors (red, blue, green), deposited on the inner surface of face plate 14, is first coated with an aluminium film 17 and then with a layer 18 of porous graphite.
  • the screen is connected, through a conducting paint layer 111, to a terminal 19 intended to receive the screen potential Ve.
  • a groove 110 which utility will be seen later, follows the inner profile of the screen.
  • An electrode 112 is connected internally to the grid 13 which is set at a potential Vg by means of the output connection 113.
  • Three electron guns 114, 115 and 116 are used to produce three electron beams, associated respectively with the three color luminescent strips.
  • Grid 13 is a part of the electron-optical system whose other elements have not been shown, except electrode 112, referred to as potential equalization electrode, which improves the operation of the grid.
  • the layer 16 of the luminescent strips forming the screen is deposited directly on the plane inner surface of face plate 14, which surface has previously been rectified, for example, by grinding so as to achieve a planeness with in less than one tenth of a millimeter over the whole of this surface.
  • the layer 16 is formed by parallel, vertical, contiguous strips, for example, 0.27 mm. wide, ensuring an adequate definition of the tube. Three consecutive strips form a triad, each strip corresponding to one of the three primary colors.
  • the luminescent strips may be deposited by any process suitable for a plane screen, in particular the known process of printing by contact a plane line array, utilizing sun exposure of a bichromatic colloid.
  • the groove 110 permits to shift the line array for successively obtaining the strips of the three colors.
  • the grid 13 has the shape of a flat array of wires about 0.1 mm. in diameter (for example, of non-magnetic stainless steel), parallel to each other and to the layer 16, the
  • a thin glass bulb able to withstand only a pressure of the order of 2 kg./cm. without a wire grid, can withstand a pressure of 3 kg./cm. when provided with such a grid.
  • the invention permits of course to reduce the thickness of bulbs having convex as well as plane face plates.
  • the thickness may be as low as of the diameter.
  • cathode ray tubes manufactured with plane, substantially rectangular face plates have the required strength with the following dimen- Thickness of glass Diagonal of face plate: mm. 30 cm. 11 49 cm. 17 59 cm. 20
  • a cathode ray tube comprising, in combination:
  • tension-maintaining means for maintaining said wires under tension and for transmiting the tension of the same to said envelope, said tension-maintaining means including a first annular body of vitreous sealing material interposed between said edges to connect the same, each of said wires having two end portions, each end portion being embedded in said body, extending through the same outward of said cavity, and having a transverse end face free from said body;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Vessels, Lead-In Wires, Accessory Apparatuses For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
US621695A 1966-03-10 1967-03-08 Cathode ray tube with stainless steel grid sealed into glass envelope Expired - Lifetime US3489966A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR52829A FR1506293A (fr) 1966-03-10 1966-03-10 Perfectionnement à la fabrication de tubes à rayons cathodiques
FR91994A FR91726E (fr) 1966-03-10 1967-01-20 Perfectionnement à la fabrication des tubes à rayons cathodiques
FR94650A FR91909E (fr) 1966-03-10 1967-02-13 Perfectionnement à la fabrication des tubes à rayons cathodiques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3489966A true US3489966A (en) 1970-01-13

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US621695A Expired - Lifetime US3489966A (en) 1966-03-10 1967-03-08 Cathode ray tube with stainless steel grid sealed into glass envelope

Country Status (12)

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US (1) US3489966A (en:Method)
BE (1) BE695035A (en:Method)
CH (1) CH471462A (en:Method)
DE (1) DE1589577B2 (en:Method)
DK (1) DK123270B (en:Method)
ES (1) ES337777A1 (en:Method)
FR (3) FR1506293A (en:Method)
GB (1) GB1142407A (en:Method)
LU (1) LU53147A1 (en:Method)
NL (1) NL154614B (en:Method)
SE (1) SE325051B (en:Method)
SU (1) SU486519A3 (en:Method)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3600778A (en) * 1968-02-01 1971-08-24 Thomson Csf Method of manufacturing the focusing grids of color television tubes
US3746904A (en) * 1971-05-07 1973-07-17 Rca Corp Cathode-ray tube including a glass envelope with two spaced external conductive coating and a connecting strip of a third external conductive coating thereon
US3837829A (en) * 1969-05-20 1974-09-24 Couleur F Method of manufacture for cathode-ray tubes for color television receivers
US4158419A (en) * 1977-12-27 1979-06-19 Rca Corporation Implosion protected CRT
US4295073A (en) * 1978-03-28 1981-10-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Microchannel plate-in-wall structure
US4593225A (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-06-03 Zenith Electronics Corporation Tension mask colar cathode ray tube
US4593224A (en) * 1983-09-30 1986-06-03 Zenith Electronics Corporation Tension mask cathode ray tube
US4614892A (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-09-30 Zenith Electronics Corporation Tension mask mounting structure
US4638213A (en) * 1980-10-08 1987-01-20 Rca Corporation CRT with internal contact stripe or patch and method of making said stripe or patch
US4710670A (en) * 1986-02-21 1987-12-01 Zenith Electronics Corporation Front assembly system for a tension mask color cathode ray tube
US4712041A (en) * 1985-08-20 1987-12-08 Zenith Electronics Corporation Color CRT tension mask support assembly with a glass frame
US4721488A (en) * 1986-02-21 1988-01-26 Zenith Electronics Corporation Apparatus for tensing a shadow mask foil
US4721879A (en) * 1983-09-30 1988-01-26 Zenith Electronics Corporation Tensed mask cathode ray tube
US5030154A (en) * 1983-09-30 1991-07-09 Zenith Electronics Corporation Method of mounting tensed CRT mask

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8304181A (nl) * 1983-12-06 1985-07-01 Philips Nv Kleurenbeeldbuis.

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2813213A (en) * 1954-11-03 1957-11-12 Avco Mfg Corp Color cathode-ray tube and assembly process
US2864032A (en) * 1954-07-30 1958-12-09 Zenith Radio Corp Method and apparatus for color television
US2875363A (en) * 1955-12-12 1959-02-24 Chromatic Television Lab Inc Color-control grid structure for cathode-ray tubes
US2899575A (en) * 1959-08-11 Glass-to-metal seals in cathode-ray tubes
US3102212A (en) * 1959-04-24 1963-08-27 Motorola Inc Cathode ray tube with low velocity deflection and post deflection beam acceleration
US3260397A (en) * 1961-02-24 1966-07-12 Philips Corp Cathode ray tube and method of making same
US3271093A (en) * 1960-06-10 1966-09-06 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method for making incandescent lamps
US3284655A (en) * 1963-06-10 1966-11-08 Hughes Aircraft Co Cathode ray tube mesh assembly supported between envelope sections
US3284653A (en) * 1962-04-18 1966-11-08 Cft Comp Fse Television Cathode ray tube with a grid of single continuous wire

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2899575A (en) * 1959-08-11 Glass-to-metal seals in cathode-ray tubes
US2864032A (en) * 1954-07-30 1958-12-09 Zenith Radio Corp Method and apparatus for color television
US2813213A (en) * 1954-11-03 1957-11-12 Avco Mfg Corp Color cathode-ray tube and assembly process
US2875363A (en) * 1955-12-12 1959-02-24 Chromatic Television Lab Inc Color-control grid structure for cathode-ray tubes
US3102212A (en) * 1959-04-24 1963-08-27 Motorola Inc Cathode ray tube with low velocity deflection and post deflection beam acceleration
US3271093A (en) * 1960-06-10 1966-09-06 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method for making incandescent lamps
US3260397A (en) * 1961-02-24 1966-07-12 Philips Corp Cathode ray tube and method of making same
US3284653A (en) * 1962-04-18 1966-11-08 Cft Comp Fse Television Cathode ray tube with a grid of single continuous wire
US3284655A (en) * 1963-06-10 1966-11-08 Hughes Aircraft Co Cathode ray tube mesh assembly supported between envelope sections

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3600778A (en) * 1968-02-01 1971-08-24 Thomson Csf Method of manufacturing the focusing grids of color television tubes
US3837829A (en) * 1969-05-20 1974-09-24 Couleur F Method of manufacture for cathode-ray tubes for color television receivers
US3746904A (en) * 1971-05-07 1973-07-17 Rca Corp Cathode-ray tube including a glass envelope with two spaced external conductive coating and a connecting strip of a third external conductive coating thereon
US4158419A (en) * 1977-12-27 1979-06-19 Rca Corporation Implosion protected CRT
US4295073A (en) * 1978-03-28 1981-10-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Microchannel plate-in-wall structure
US4638213A (en) * 1980-10-08 1987-01-20 Rca Corporation CRT with internal contact stripe or patch and method of making said stripe or patch
US4593224A (en) * 1983-09-30 1986-06-03 Zenith Electronics Corporation Tension mask cathode ray tube
US4721879A (en) * 1983-09-30 1988-01-26 Zenith Electronics Corporation Tensed mask cathode ray tube
US5030154A (en) * 1983-09-30 1991-07-09 Zenith Electronics Corporation Method of mounting tensed CRT mask
US4614892A (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-09-30 Zenith Electronics Corporation Tension mask mounting structure
US4593225A (en) * 1984-08-31 1986-06-03 Zenith Electronics Corporation Tension mask colar cathode ray tube
US4712041A (en) * 1985-08-20 1987-12-08 Zenith Electronics Corporation Color CRT tension mask support assembly with a glass frame
US4710670A (en) * 1986-02-21 1987-12-01 Zenith Electronics Corporation Front assembly system for a tension mask color cathode ray tube
US4721488A (en) * 1986-02-21 1988-01-26 Zenith Electronics Corporation Apparatus for tensing a shadow mask foil

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK123270B (da) 1972-05-29
SU486519A3 (ru) 1975-09-30
CH471462A (fr) 1969-04-15
SE325051B (en:Method) 1970-06-22
NL154614B (nl) 1977-09-15
FR91726E (fr) 1968-08-02
FR1506293A (fr) 1967-12-22
ES337777A1 (es) 1968-03-01
FR91909E (fr) 1968-08-30
NL6703723A (en:Method) 1967-09-11
GB1142407A (en) 1969-02-05
BE695035A (en:Method) 1967-09-06
DE1589577A1 (de) 1970-04-09
DE1589577B2 (de) 1977-01-20
LU53147A1 (en:Method) 1968-12-09

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