US3486994A - Process for preparing chlorine by electrolysis of aqueous hydrochloric acid - Google Patents
Process for preparing chlorine by electrolysis of aqueous hydrochloric acid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3486994A US3486994A US603143A US3486994DA US3486994A US 3486994 A US3486994 A US 3486994A US 603143 A US603143 A US 603143A US 3486994D A US3486994D A US 3486994DA US 3486994 A US3486994 A US 3486994A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- electrolysis
- hydrochloric acid
- current
- aqueous hydrochloric
- chlorine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/26—Chlorine; Compounds thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for preparing chlorine by electrolysis of aqueous hydrochloric acid in which compounds of metals occuring in several oxidation stages that are easy to convert into one another are added to the electrolyte to cut down the cell voltage.
- the present invention provides a process for the preparation of chlorine by electrolysis of aqueous hydrochloric acid in the presence of metal compounds occuring in several oxidation stages that are easy to convert into one another, wherein with considerable gain in voltage the current efliciency is over and no additional and complicated process steps or installations are required.
- the electrolysis of aqueous hydrochloric acid is carried out in cells with vertical electrode arrangement, the anode and cathode spaces of which are separated by diaphragms.
- anolyte and as catholyte solutions are used that are 4 to 8 times molar with respect to the hydrochloric acid and contain 0.5 to 2 mols of copper chloride or iron chloride per liter of solution.
- hydrogen chloride is introduced into the anolyte in the same measure as it is consumed and an oxidizing gas is introduced into the catholyte and the differential pressure between the anode space and the cathode space is maintained at zero.
- the limiting current density is determined by the speed of the re-oxidation of the metal compound reduced at the cathode. As soon as the cathodic reduction is more rapid than the reoxidation due to too high a current density, the cell voltage gradually rises to the separation voltage of hydrogen.
- nonionic, nonfoaming wetting agents Especially suitable are butyl diglycol (butyl ether of diethylene glycol) and particularly dibutyl diglycol (dibutyl ether of diethylene glycol).
- the wetting agent is added to the electrolyte in an amount of up to about 1 gram per liter.
- Air can be used as oxidizing gas.
- the re-oxidation can be considerably accelerated when oxygen is used as oxidizing gas.
- oxygen used as oxidizing gas
- an addition of about 1 g./l. of dibutyl diglycol to the electrolyte an addition of about 1 g./l. of dibutyl diglycol to the electrolyte, current densities are obtained as reached in a conventional mode of operation while simultaneously current efiiciencies of over 90% are possible with about one-half of the hitherto required cell voltage.
- the oxidizing gas is introduced into the catholyte in an amount such that at least about 40% of the metal ions present are in the higher valence stage and that the water formed in the oxidation is blown out of the cell with the gas current.
- the elec- 20 EXAMPLE 2 trode spaces can be closed for the liquid and only provided with installations for the supply of hydrogen chloride and oxygen or air and for the removal of chlorine, air or oxygen and steam.
- Table 2 indicates the results of a test carried out under the conditions of test 2 of Example 1 but without the use of a wetting agent.
- the lectrolyte EXAMPLE 3 can be circulated by means of a pump in the cathode space or in the anode space or in both electrode spaces or it can be cycled through external coolers.
- Table 5 shows the results of a test in which iron chloride 7 was used intsead of a copper salt.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Road Paving Machines (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEF48078A DE1277216B (de) | 1966-01-03 | 1966-01-03 | Verfahren zur Foerderung der Rueckoxydation von kathodisch reduzierten Metallverbindungen bei der Elektrolyse von waessriger Salzsaeure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3486994A true US3486994A (en) | 1969-12-30 |
Family
ID=7102026
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US603143A Expired - Lifetime US3486994A (en) | 1966-01-03 | 1966-12-20 | Process for preparing chlorine by electrolysis of aqueous hydrochloric acid |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3486994A (fr) |
BE (1) | BE692089A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE1277216B (fr) |
ES (1) | ES335071A1 (fr) |
FI (1) | FI45852B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR1507413A (fr) |
GB (1) | GB1140481A (fr) |
NL (1) | NL6618274A (fr) |
NO (1) | NO116757B (fr) |
SE (1) | SE324353B (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3635804A (en) * | 1969-07-24 | 1972-01-18 | Dow Chemical Co | Preparation of chlorine by electrolysis of hydrochloric acid and polyvalent metal chlorides |
US4320179A (en) * | 1978-04-03 | 1982-03-16 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Transference and purification of halogen and hydrohalic acid in an electrochemical system |
EP0785294A1 (fr) * | 1996-01-19 | 1997-07-23 | De Nora S.P.A. | Procédé d'électrolyse de solutions aqueuses d'acide chlorhydrique |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1246099A (en) * | 1916-09-15 | 1917-11-13 | Paul Leon Hulin | Process for the extraction of chlorin. |
US2468766A (en) * | 1944-04-07 | 1949-05-03 | Fmc Corp | Recovery of chlorine from hydrogen chloride |
US2666024A (en) * | 1949-04-22 | 1954-01-12 | Fmc Corp | Oxidation and chlorine recovery process |
GB834640A (en) * | 1957-06-17 | 1960-05-11 | L Von Roll Ag | Improvements in or relating to electrolytic processes |
US3119757A (en) * | 1960-06-13 | 1964-01-28 | Loda W Rogers | Process and apparatus for the conversion of hydrochloric acid to chlorine |
US3291708A (en) * | 1964-12-31 | 1966-12-13 | Ionics | Electrolytic process for producing a halogen from its respective acid and the apparatus therefor |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1746542A (en) * | 1928-10-25 | 1930-02-11 | Westvaco Chlorine Products Inc | Manufacture of chlorine |
US3117066A (en) * | 1960-11-01 | 1964-01-07 | Ionics | Electrolytic process for producing halogen gases and the apparatus therefor |
-
1966
- 1966-01-03 DE DEF48078A patent/DE1277216B/de active Pending
- 1966-12-20 US US603143A patent/US3486994A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1966-12-28 NL NL6618274A patent/NL6618274A/xx unknown
- 1966-12-29 ES ES335071A patent/ES335071A1/es not_active Expired
-
1967
- 1967-01-02 NO NO166229A patent/NO116757B/no unknown
- 1967-01-02 GB GB81/67A patent/GB1140481A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-01-03 FI FI0012/67A patent/FI45852B/fi active
- 1967-01-03 SE SE77/67A patent/SE324353B/xx unknown
- 1967-01-03 BE BE692089D patent/BE692089A/xx unknown
- 1967-01-03 FR FR89784A patent/FR1507413A/fr not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1246099A (en) * | 1916-09-15 | 1917-11-13 | Paul Leon Hulin | Process for the extraction of chlorin. |
US2468766A (en) * | 1944-04-07 | 1949-05-03 | Fmc Corp | Recovery of chlorine from hydrogen chloride |
US2666024A (en) * | 1949-04-22 | 1954-01-12 | Fmc Corp | Oxidation and chlorine recovery process |
GB834640A (en) * | 1957-06-17 | 1960-05-11 | L Von Roll Ag | Improvements in or relating to electrolytic processes |
US3119757A (en) * | 1960-06-13 | 1964-01-28 | Loda W Rogers | Process and apparatus for the conversion of hydrochloric acid to chlorine |
US3291708A (en) * | 1964-12-31 | 1966-12-13 | Ionics | Electrolytic process for producing a halogen from its respective acid and the apparatus therefor |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3635804A (en) * | 1969-07-24 | 1972-01-18 | Dow Chemical Co | Preparation of chlorine by electrolysis of hydrochloric acid and polyvalent metal chlorides |
US4320179A (en) * | 1978-04-03 | 1982-03-16 | Energy Development Associates, Inc. | Transference and purification of halogen and hydrohalic acid in an electrochemical system |
EP0785294A1 (fr) * | 1996-01-19 | 1997-07-23 | De Nora S.P.A. | Procédé d'électrolyse de solutions aqueuses d'acide chlorhydrique |
CN1084395C (zh) * | 1996-01-19 | 2002-05-08 | 德·诺拉有限公司 | 盐酸水溶液电解的方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1277216B (de) | 1968-09-12 |
FI45852B (fr) | 1972-06-30 |
NL6618274A (fr) | 1967-07-04 |
ES335071A1 (es) | 1968-05-01 |
GB1140481A (en) | 1969-01-22 |
SE324353B (fr) | 1970-06-01 |
BE692089A (fr) | 1967-08-03 |
FR1507413A (fr) | 1967-12-29 |
NO116757B (fr) | 1969-05-19 |
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