Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
  • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
  • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
  • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
  • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
  • F17C13/001—Thermal insulation specially adapted for cryogenic vessels
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
  • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
  • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
  • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
  • F17C3/04—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers
  • F17C3/06—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by insulating layers on the inner surface, i.e. in contact with the stored fluid
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
  • F17C2203/0607—Coatings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
  • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
  • F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
  • F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
  • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
  • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
  • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2270/00—Applications
  • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
  • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
  • F17C2270/0105—Ships
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
  • Y10S220/33—Gasoline tank cap
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S220/00—Receptacles
  • Y10S220/902—Foam
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a tank for low-boiling liquefied gas which is provided with a layer of insulating material consisting of a foam of poly-(2,6-dimethylparaphenylene-oxide) having elongated cells which are directed substantially perpendicular to the tank wall.
• the present invention lies in the field of a new construction for a tank for the storage of liquefied gases such as methane or nitrogen which brings about new and unexpected results.
• a tank according to the present invention is characterized in that the insulating material substantially consists of a foam of poly-(2,6-dimethyl-paraphenyleneoxide) having elongated cells which are directed substantially perpendicular to the tank wall.
• a foam of this type, as well as methods for the manufacture thereof are described and claimed in the copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 494,782 of S. Pezarro and B. L. Boogaard, filed Oct. 11, 1965, and assigned to the same assignee as the present invention, the con tents of which are included herein by reference.
• the foam disclosed in said application is characterized by a highly anisotropic structure. That is, the majority of the pores or cells in the foam are elongated, as distinguished from spherical, and are substantially parallel to each other along a given axis. In a preferred embodiment, the majority of the cells of the foam have a length which is at least five times the largest width. Details regarding the structure of the foam and the manner of making the same can be found in the above referenced patent application.
• anisotropic PPO foam For the sake of brevity a foam of poly-(2,6-dimethylparaphenyleneoxide) having elongated cells will hereinafter be referred to as anisotropic PPO foam.
• a foam of this type need not purely consist of poly-(2,6-dimethylparaphenyleneoxide). It may contain various additives such as pigments, fibres, fire-retarding substances, and also other polymers such as polystyrene.
• anisotropic PPO foam for the lining of tanks according to the invention has considerable advantages over the use for this purpose of previously proposed insulating materials.
• anisotropic PPO foam according to the invention has great advantages over the known use of balsa wood in that it is a far more uniform product than the natural product balsa wood. Moreover, balsa wood is, naturally, only available in pieces of limited dimensions.
• Anisotropic 'PPO foam can be manufactured in slabs of very large dimensions, which not only simplifies mounting them in the tanks, but also makes it possible to obtain an insulating layer which shows a considerably smaller number of seams. It is the seams in the insulating material that form the weak spots in tanks of the abovedescribed type, because they may burst upon shrinkage of the material. With tanks lined with the anisotropic PPO foam the number of seams need be very small. Moreover, the foam may be given such a structure that there is no longer any risk of the seams bursting.
• Anisotropic foam may be manufactured in the foam of slabs in such a way that the longitudinal axis of the cells is not quite perpendicular, but at a slight tilt to the surface of the foam.
• the provision of such a foam on vertical walls in such a way that the cells extend at a slight downward tilt from the tank wall inwards, has the additional advantage that gas present in the cells cannot escape therefrom. Therefore, if in this connection mention is made of cells that are directed substantially perpendicular to the tank wall, this includes cells that are positioned in some direction at an angle to the tank wall which deviates from In the German patent specification No.
• the elongated cells of the foam will, when the tank is being charged, fill up partly with liquid and partly, namely in the cell parts nearest to the metal tank wall, with gas formed by evaporation of the liquid. In each cell this gas forms a kind of cushion, which has an insulating effect.
• the cross-sectional area of the cells is so small that there is hardly any heat transmission by means of convection.
• the liquid present in the cells may readily emerge, which will prevent bursting of the cells by abrupt evaporation.
• no gas or liquid can pass from one cell to another.
• anisotropic PPO foam so particularly suitable for the purpose of lining tanks is that it has a low specific weight as well as a high compressive strength in longitudinal direction of the cells.
• the anisotropic PPO foam excells any other hitherto known foam of equal density.
• a preferred embodiment according to the invention is therefore characterized in that at least at its free surface the foam is at room temperature under pressure in directions lying in said surface.
• Anisotropic PPO foam may be manufactured in the form of slightly bent slabs. If these slightly bent slabs are so applied that their concave sides are in contact with a flat tank wall, then the free sides of the slabs will be somewhat compressed, so that in said free sides stresses are produced, Since the cooling of the foam slabs is strongest there, the insulating layer will in the cold state be subject to only slight stresses.
• a preferred tank according to the invention in which this is the case, is characterized in that in the foam the pressure in directions parallel to the free surface decreases with the distance to the tank wall.
• the anisotropic PPO foam may be applied to the walls of a tank in a known manner, for instance by gluing.
• slabs of anisotropic PPO foam are on both sides provided with a thin PPO skin.
• this skin is preferably left intact.
• the skin may be removed, for instance, by cutting or grinding. But this is not necessary.
• impermeable sheets For safety purposes it has advantages to incorporate in the foam layer one or more impermeable sheets.
• These sheets which are hereinafter referred to as barriers may consist of any material which will withstand the conditions prevailing in the tank, such as metal foil, plastic foil or sheet, plywood etc.
• FPO-sheet or foil For this purpose use is preferably made of FPO-sheet or foil, which may be coated with metal foil such as aluminum or copper foil.
• the FPO-sheet has a high elongation at low temperatures and is easy to connect to the PPO foam.
• PPO foam slabs in such a way that they are provided with an impermeable FPO-skin which may act as a barrier. If use is made of these slabs, the insulation layer is composed of at least twoof these. slabs.
• the parts of the insulation layer which form the outside may be composed of an insulating material other than PPO foam, provided that the insulating layer is so composed that the liquid gas does not contact these parts.
• the PPO foam may be advantageous to cover with a material which protects it against mechanical damage. Such damage may occur when the empty tank is to be inspected and people are to go inside the tank.
• This protecting material may form a continuous lining of metal or plastic.
• this protecting material forms a continuous wall it is to be regarded as an inner tank.
• Tanks of the above-indicated type may be used on their own or form part of a plant.
• the invention relates not only to a tank of the aboveindicated type, but also to means of conveyance, more particularly a ship equipped with such a tank.
• Tanks according to the present invention may also find application in space and aircraft.
• a tank for the storage of low boiling liquefied gas having its inner surface lined with a layer of cellular insulating anisotropic foam of poly-(2,6- 'methylparaphenylene oxide), said anisotropic foam havin elongated cells having a length which is at least five times the largest width of a cell, said cells directed substantially perpendicular to the tank wall.
• a tank according to claim 1 in which in the insulating material there is incorporated at least one impermeable sheet parallel to the surface of the material.
• a tank according to claim 1 in which at room temperature the foam, at least at its inner surface, is under pressure in directions parallel to said surface.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=26644036

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (3)

• 1966
  • 1966-05-12 NL NL6606478A patent/NL146926B/xx unknown
• 1967
  • 1967-03-03 NL NL6703445A patent/NL6703445A/xx unknown
  • 1967-03-24 BE BE696082D patent/BE696082A/xx unknown
  • 1967-05-08 SE SE639067A patent/SE321690B/xx unknown
  • 1967-05-08 US US3484277D patent/US3484277A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1967-05-09 NO NO168067A patent/NO125646B/no unknown
  • 1967-05-11 GB GB2201567A patent/GB1138125A/en not_active Expired
  • 1967-05-12 FR FR106256A patent/FR1522832A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1967-05-12 DE DE19671551560 patent/DE1551560A1/de active Pending

Patent Citations (3)

Also Published As

Similar Documents