US3481514A - Combustion devices - Google Patents

Combustion devices Download PDF

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Publication number
US3481514A
US3481514A US613807A US3481514DA US3481514A US 3481514 A US3481514 A US 3481514A US 613807 A US613807 A US 613807A US 3481514D A US3481514D A US 3481514DA US 3481514 A US3481514 A US 3481514A
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United States
Prior art keywords
valve
substance
pyrophoric
cavity
igniter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US613807A
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English (en)
Inventor
Arthur Trevor Theobald
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of US3481514A publication Critical patent/US3481514A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q2/00—Lighters containing fuel, e.g. for cigarettes
    • F23Q2/30—Lighters characterised by catalytic ignition of fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q1/00—Mechanical igniters
    • F23Q1/02—Mechanical igniters using friction or shock effects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q2/00—Lighters containing fuel, e.g. for cigarettes
    • F23Q2/16—Lighters with gaseous fuel, e.g. the gas being stored in liquid phase
    • F23Q2/162—Lighters with gaseous fuel, e.g. the gas being stored in liquid phase with non-adjustable gas flame

Definitions

  • This invention relates to combustion devi-ces and particularly to combustion devices for domestic use such as heat producing devices, light producing devices, gas wands, flame welding torches and cigarette lighters, in which the ignition ⁇ of fuel escaping from a burner is effected by the spontaneous combustion of a substa-nce which is pyrophoric when brought into contact with air or combustion fuel.
  • the metering device for a pyrophoric igniter substance pursuant to the present invention comprises a valve housing provided with a cavity opening into one surface portion of the housing, a flexible diaphragm positioned to close the opening into said cavity, and an anvil member mounted centrally of the diaphragm and extending outwardly therefrom.
  • the valve housing is further provided with a valve stem passage extending from said cavity to another surface portion of the housing, and a valve stem is positioned within said passage with one end of the stem communicating with the anvil member and the other end communicating with a valve member which is operatively associated with a valve seat.
  • a source of pyrophoric igniter substance communicates with the valve housing cavity and the valve stem passage, and a hammer member is operatively positioned with respect to the valve housing so as to be movable toward and away from the anvil member.
  • a hammer member operating means is further providing for causing the hammer member to strike the anvil member with a sharp impulse and thus inwardly deflect the diaphragm and unseat the valve member to discharge therefrom a discrete amount of the pyrophoric igniter substance.
  • FIG. l is a cross-sectional side elevation of a metering device embodying the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional side elevation of another form of metering device embodying the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side elevation of still another form of metering device of the invention embodying a delayed action valve
  • FIG. 4 is a front elevation, partly in section, of a lighter- "ice operating mechanism adapted to provide the impulse action to a metering device of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional end view, partly broken away, of the mechanism shown in FIG. 4.
  • the metering device comprises a valve housing 1 in which is formed a cavity 2 closed by a movable wall portion advantageously in the form of a flexible diaphragm 3 which may be made, for example, of a suitable plastic such as a polytetrauoethylene polymer, and which can be held in place by a conventional thread retaining ring B.
  • a movable wall portion advantageously in the form of a flexible diaphragm 3 which may be made, for example, of a suitable plastic such as a polytetrauoethylene polymer, and which can be held in place by a conventional thread retaining ring B.
  • One wall of the cavity 2 is also formed with an orifice A which is constituted by the end of a valve stem bore 4. This orifice is normally closedby a valve member 5 which is mounted on one end of a valve stem 6.
  • valve stem 6 is appropriately secured to the diaphragm 3, for example, by means of two nuts 7 and 8 threadedly mounted on the valve stem 6 and between which the diaphragm is clamped.
  • the valve member 5 is held in closed position by a compression coil spring 9 which extends between an inner wall of the cavity 2 and the inner diaphragm clamping nut 8.
  • the outer surface C of the outer diaphragm clamping nut 7 forms an anvil member by which the metering device is actuated.
  • the housing 1 is formed with a threaded supply bore 10 within which extends a hollow needle 11 communicating with the cavity 2.
  • the pyrophoric substance can be under pressure such as its own vapor pressure, or an inert gas such as nitrogen can be used to pressurize the pyrophoric substance.
  • the pressurized substance is provided in a conventional supply container which is formed with a threaded neck closed by a frangible seal such that, when the neck of the container is screwed into the threaded supply bore 10, the needle 11 pierces the seal and provides communication between the supply container and the valve housing cavity.
  • a sealing washer 12 At the end of the supply bore 10 is a sealing washer 12 to insure a fluid-tight connection Ibetween the container neck and the housing 1.
  • the valve housing 1 is provided with a cavity 2 of sufficient size to receive a spool 13 on which is wound a number of layers 14 of porous sheet material such as fiber glass fabric or ne wire mesh whose interstices carry the igniter substance supply.
  • a spool 13 on which is wound a number of layers 14 of porous sheet material such as fiber glass fabric or ne wire mesh whose interstices carry the igniter substance supply.
  • One end of the spool body 15 is provided with an axially aligned spindle 16 having a central bore 17 communicating with an axial bore 18 in the spool body 15 and thus forming a single valve stem bore.
  • the head 19 of the spool adjacent the spindle 16 is mounted in one end of the valve housing 1 by crimping or the like.
  • the other head 20 of the spool fits within the interior surface of the valve housing and is provided with apertures 21.
  • the spool body 15 is provided with radial apertures 22.
  • the outer face of the spool head is contacted by the face of a pliable flanged grommet 23 having a stem portion 24 which is provided with a central bore communicating with the valve stem bore.
  • a valve stem 6 is mounted within the resulting valve stem bore 4 and is provided with a head portion 25 at its end proximate the grommet stern portion 24 and with a valve member 26 at its other end adapted to engage a valve seat 27 at the outboard end of the spindle bore 17.
  • a fiexible diaphragm 28 is mounted so as to close the valve housing cavity and is held in place 4by a peripheral retaining ring 29 and an inner double-flanged sleeve 30 surrounding the flanged grommet 23.
  • the outboard fiange of the sleeve 30 is urged outwardly by a compression coil spring 31, and the head of the sleeve is provided with an anvil surface 32 overlying the head end 25 of the valve stem.
  • a sharp blow on the anvil surface 32 causes deflection of the diaphragm 28 and movement of the valve member 26 away from its valve seat 27. Deflection of the diaphragm creates a shock wave which is transmitted through the mass of igniter substance via the spool head apertures 21 and the spool body apertures 22 and causes a small amount of the igniter substance to be ejected from the valve.
  • valve stem 6 is not secured to the diaphragm but terminates adjacent thereto so that when the diaphragm is moved inwardly it hits the end of the valve stem and thus displaces the valve member from the orifice.
  • FIG. 3 wherein the valve housing 1 is in the form of a cylindrical can one end of which is closed except for a central valve stem bore 4 through which the valve stem 6 extends.
  • the valve housing cavity 2 contains a spool 33 both heads of which slidably fit within the cavity and the main body portion of which surrounds the valve stem 6 with sufiicient clearance to accommodate a compression spring 34, but which is secured at one end to the stem 6.
  • the spool is Wound with igniter substance-impregnated sheet material 14 as in FIG. 2, and the body portion of the spool is provided with apertures 35 so that the igniter substance can be caused to flow from the body of impregnated sheet material into the space surrounding the valve stem 6.
  • the open end of the valve housing 1 is closed with a flexible diaphragm 36 locked in place by a suitable retainer ring 37.
  • An anvil-shaped member 38 having a stern portion 39 is mounted on the central portion of the diaphragm with the stern portion of the anvil member penetrating through the diaphragm.
  • the inboard end of the stern portion 39 ⁇ of the anvil member is secured to the inside surface of the diaphragm -by a retaining ring 40.
  • the body of the anvil member 38 is provided with an axial bore 41 to accommodate the end of the valve stem 6 but deeper than the extension of the valve stern into the anvil member.
  • the anvil member when struck a sharp blow, it first defiects the diaphragm 36 to cause axial movement of the spool 33 and then, when the bottom of the anvil member bore 41 reaches the end of the valve stem, the anvil moves the valve stern to open the valve 42.
  • This action causes a small metered amount of the igniter substance to be ejected from the valve only after a substantially increased internal pressure has been developed, and the coil spring 34 causes the valve 42 to close first on the return stroke.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 A particularly effective impulse-producing mechanism is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • This mechanism comprises a two-piece case: one piece comprises a bottom plate 50, front and back plates 51 and a side plate 52; the other piece comprises a top plate 53, front and back plates 54 and a side plate S5.
  • the two pieces of the case are hinged together by hinge pins 56 extending through adjacent overlapping front and back plates 51 and 52 of the two case pieces.
  • An impulse igniter device of the invention, designated as 57, is secured to the end plate 52 of one case piece with the valve end of the igniter device extending through this end plate.
  • the other case piece is urged into an open position by a leaf spring 58 secured to the top plate 53 and pressing against the igniter device 57.
  • a hammer member 59 is mounted in line with the anvil member ⁇ 60 of the igniter device and is supported by a pivot piece ⁇ 61 extending through both the front and back plates 51 and the hammer member.
  • the pivoted hammer member 59 is urged upwardly and forwardly by a leaf spring 62, and a set-screw 63 extends through the hammer member perpendicular to its pivot axis so as to adjust the point in the hammer pivotal movement where it is desired for the hammer member to impart impulse contact to the anvil member ⁇ 60 of the igniter device.
  • the side plate 55 of one of the case pieces is provided with a nger spring 64 which bears against an upstanding pin 65 in the head of the hammer member.
  • a nger spring 64 which bears against an upstanding pin 65 in the head of the hammer member.
  • igniter substance will be metered out in the form of a spurt through the valve end of the igniter device.
  • 'Ignition of the igniter substance takes place immediately and can be used to ignite a jet of fuel, such as butane, directed past the valve end of the igniter devicenf
  • the entire operating mechanism can therefore be secured by fasteners 66 to the body portion 67 of a fuel-containing device such as a cigarette lighter or the like.
  • the pyrophoric substance charged to the valve body cavity in the igniter device of the invention can be either normally gaseous or normally liquid, such, for example, as aluminum borohydride, trimethyl aluminum, lboranes such as diborane through pentaborane, silanes such as mono, di, and trisilane, dimethyl Zinc, carbonyl nickel, dimethyl boron, and the like.
  • a disadvantage of many arrangements proposed heretofore for metering a pyrophoric substance is that when the pyrophoric substance is being ejected it is possible for air to enter the space in which the pyrophoric substance is housed. The reaction of this air with the pyrophoric substance produces an ash which eventually builds up to the extent that the operation of the device is adversely affected by the valve controlling the egress of the pyrophoric substance sticking in its open position.
  • This disadvantage is minimized With the construction of the present invention in that the rapid ejection of the pyrophoric substance and the sudden movement of the valve member to open the orifice only at a time when a positive pressure wave is adjacent the orifice allows little or no air to enter behind the valve member.
  • the improved device has been found to be simple and efficient in operation and it enables a very economical quantity of pyrophoric substance to be delivered at each operation of the device.
  • a metering device for supplying a pyrophoric igniter substance to the ambient atmosphere which comprises a valve housing provided with a cavity opening into one surface portion of the valve housing, a flexible closure member positioned at and closing the opening into said cavity, an anvil member fixedly connected to the flexible closure member exteriorly of said cavity, a spring member loading the fiexible closure member against inward action of the anvil member, the valve housing being further provided with a valve stem passage extending from said cavity to another surface portion of the valve housing, a valve stem positioned within said passage with one end of the stem communicating with the anvil member and the other end communicating with a valve member, a valve seat operatively associated with the valve member, a source of pyrophoric igniter substance communicating with the valve housing cavity and with the valve stern passage, a hammer member operatively connected to the valve housing so as to be movable percussively toward and away from the anvil member, and hammer memberoperating means adapted to cause the hammer member to strike the anvil member with
  • a metering device in which the source of pyrophoric igniter substance is positioned within the valve housing cavity.
  • a metering device in which there is lost motion between the anvil member and the end of the valve stem communicating therewith.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Lighters Containing Fuel (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
US613807A 1966-02-17 1967-02-03 Combustion devices Expired - Lifetime US3481514A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB7101/66A GB1156665A (en) 1966-02-17 1966-02-17 Improvements relating to ignition devices.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3481514A true US3481514A (en) 1969-12-02

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US613807A Expired - Lifetime US3481514A (en) 1966-02-17 1967-02-03 Combustion devices

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US (1) US3481514A (pt)
AT (1) AT273548B (pt)
BE (1) BE694161A (pt)
BR (1) BR6786602D0 (pt)
CH (1) CH461407A (pt)
DE (1) DE1629926A1 (pt)
DK (1) DK133189C (pt)
FR (1) FR1511896A (pt)
GB (1) GB1156665A (pt)
NL (1) NL6702270A (pt)
NO (1) NO123082B (pt)
SE (1) SE309129B (pt)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3570721A (en) * 1969-06-11 1971-03-16 Western Electric Co Method for ejecting controllable amounts of liquid from a container

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118391705B (zh) * 2024-06-27 2024-08-30 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 燃烧加热器用火炬点火器导火管及其安装方法和试验方法

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB121076A (en) * 1918-04-27 1918-12-05 Samuel Pendleton Cowardin Improvements in or relating to Fuel Injectors for Internal Combustion Engines.
GB211407A (en) * 1923-07-12 1924-02-21 Wallace George Simmonds Fuel injection valves for high-compression internal combustion engines
US2015158A (en) * 1932-07-21 1935-09-24 Rosenberg Heyman Bottle tap
GB828160A (en) * 1955-08-11 1960-02-17 Franco Galeazzi Device for spraying liquids by means of a volatile propellant
US2980296A (en) * 1958-08-22 1961-04-18 Syncro Mist Controls Inc Valve actuating assembly for aerosol containers
US3018056A (en) * 1960-09-29 1962-01-23 Montgomery Mfg Company Inc Timed spray dispensers
US3187948A (en) * 1963-03-18 1965-06-08 William G Hunt Timed fluid dispensing device
US3200994A (en) * 1963-04-16 1965-08-17 Evelyn Levinson Positive-pressure controlled-atmosphere liquid dispenser

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB121076A (en) * 1918-04-27 1918-12-05 Samuel Pendleton Cowardin Improvements in or relating to Fuel Injectors for Internal Combustion Engines.
GB211407A (en) * 1923-07-12 1924-02-21 Wallace George Simmonds Fuel injection valves for high-compression internal combustion engines
US2015158A (en) * 1932-07-21 1935-09-24 Rosenberg Heyman Bottle tap
GB828160A (en) * 1955-08-11 1960-02-17 Franco Galeazzi Device for spraying liquids by means of a volatile propellant
US2980296A (en) * 1958-08-22 1961-04-18 Syncro Mist Controls Inc Valve actuating assembly for aerosol containers
US3018056A (en) * 1960-09-29 1962-01-23 Montgomery Mfg Company Inc Timed spray dispensers
US3187948A (en) * 1963-03-18 1965-06-08 William G Hunt Timed fluid dispensing device
US3200994A (en) * 1963-04-16 1965-08-17 Evelyn Levinson Positive-pressure controlled-atmosphere liquid dispenser

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3570721A (en) * 1969-06-11 1971-03-16 Western Electric Co Method for ejecting controllable amounts of liquid from a container

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6702270A (pt) 1967-08-18
DE1629926A1 (de) 1971-01-28
CH461407A (fr) 1968-08-31
GB1156665A (en) 1969-07-02
BR6786602D0 (pt) 1973-05-15
DK133189B (da) 1976-04-05
DK133189C (da) 1976-09-06
BE694161A (pt) 1967-07-31
NO123082B (pt) 1971-09-27
AT273548B (de) 1969-08-11
SE309129B (pt) 1969-03-10
FR1511896A (fr) 1968-02-02

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