US3476504A - Treatment of textiles - Google Patents

Treatment of textiles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3476504A
US3476504A US549498A US3476504DA US3476504A US 3476504 A US3476504 A US 3476504A US 549498 A US549498 A US 549498A US 3476504D A US3476504D A US 3476504DA US 3476504 A US3476504 A US 3476504A
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United States
Prior art keywords
textile
solvent
materials
weaving
scouring
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US549498A
Inventor
John William Case
Norman Frederic Crowder
Wilfred Arthur Stephen White
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/02—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using organic solvents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F43/00—Dry-cleaning apparatus or methods using volatile solvents
    • D06F43/007—Dry cleaning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/02—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using organic solvents
    • D06L1/06—De-sizing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/22—Processes involving successive treatments with aqueous and organic agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/10—Processes in which the treating agent is dissolved or dispersed in organic solvents; Processes for the recovery of organic solvents thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/90—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using dyes dissolved in organic solvents or aqueous emulsions thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/93—Pretreatment before dyeing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
    • Y10S8/93—Pretreatment before dyeing
    • Y10S8/931—Washing or bleaching

Definitions

  • the textile material After weaving, the textile material is immersed in a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent which dissolves and removes the textile assistant from the woven textile. Thereafter, any halogenated hydrocarbon solvent adhering to the woven textile is removed by contacting the textile with hot wafer or steam.
  • the solvent is removed by immersion of the textile in a hot water bath which also contains a dyestutf for the textile material.
  • This invention relates to a process for the treatment of textile materials and more particularly to process improvements or modifications which can be used in conjunction with the securing of textile materials with organic solvents.
  • textile assistants for example sizes, lubricants, spin finishes or other materials
  • Such textile assistants may be applied in the form of a solution or dispersion or a melt as may be appropriate.
  • Suitable textile assistants for application to the textile material before weaving or during weaving include any of the conventional materials which are soluble or dispersible in organic solvents, for example, oils, fats and waxes, and also polymeric materials of various types, for example, polyvinyl acetate types, polyvinyl acetals, polymethyl methacrylate and chlorinated rubber. These may be applied to textiles materials in the form of yarns, fibres, filaments, and the like before weaving. Many materials which have valuable properties as textile aslsrstants, particularly in connection with some or the newer synthetic textile materials, are seldom used at the present time because it is so difiicult to remove them by aqueous scouring after the weaving operation is complete. In the process of our present invention, we find that removal after weaving present no difficulty when the solvent scouring technique is used. Parafiin waxes may be mentioned in particular as an example of a lubricant of this type.
  • the textile assistants e.g. sizes
  • the textile assistants will be removed as part of the solvent scourmg operation, thus eliminating the need for a separate scouring step. If desired, they may be recovered from the organic solvent solutions produced in the scouring operation.
  • the solvents and techniques which can be used for the solvent scouring stage may be particular any of those described more fully in UK. specifications Nos. 812,894; 916,338; 747,481; 749,705; 812,893; 844,943; 825,402 and patent applications Nos. 38,216/ 64 and 9,975/65.
  • the solvent may be in particular trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, 1,1,2-trichloro 1,2,2 trifluoroethane or mixtures thereof.
  • the choice of solvent to be used depends very much upon the particular textile material concerned and the solvent is best chosen so that its solvent properties and boiling point are such that its use will not adversely elfect the textile material.
  • a low-boiling solvent for example 1,1,2 trichloro 1,2,2 trifluoroethane, in the case of textile materials which are particularly sensitive to heat or solvent action.
  • the dyeing stage may involve the use of any of the conventional dyestuffs and dyeing assistants known in the art, and these may be selected appropriately to the frabic blend concerned.
  • the temperature of the flash-off bath, and the time for which the textile materials are immersed in it may be varied within wide limits as may be appropriate to the particular materials involved.
  • the textile materials containing the dyestuff may be subjected to any of the known procedures appropriate to the dyeing operation concerned.
  • Textile materials which may be treated by the process of our present invention includes those made of cotton, and other cellulosic materials, wool, linen, regenerated cellulose and a variety of other natural and artificial materials including nylons, polyester, polypropylene, esterified cellulosic materials such as acetate rayon, and acrylic fibres, and mixtures of natural and/or artificial materials.
  • the textile materials may be in the form of Webs or sheets, either woven or non-woven as may be desired.
  • a process for the production of a woven textile material consisting essentially of applying to the textile material, either prior to or during weaving thereof, a textile assistant chosen from the group which is soluble in a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent, weaving the textile, immersing the Woven textile in a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent which dissolves and removes the said textile assistant from said woven textile and removing any halogenated hydrocarbon solvent adhering to said woven textile by contacting the woven textile with hot water or steam.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)

Description

United States Patent 3,476,504 TREATMENT OF TEXTILES John William Case, Norman Frederic Crowder, and Wilfred Arthur Stephen White, Weston Point, Runcorn, England, assignors to Imperial Chemical Industries Limited, London, England, a corporation of Great Britain No Drawing. Filed May 12, 1966, Ser. No. 549,498 Int. Cl. D061 1/04; D06p /02 US. Cl. 8-138 6 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE There is provided a process for the production of a woven textile material. To the textile material is applied a textile assistant which is soluble in halogenated hydrocarbon solvents. The textile assistant is applied either during or prior to the weaving of the textile material. After weaving, the textile material is immersed in a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent which dissolves and removes the textile assistant from the woven textile. Thereafter, any halogenated hydrocarbon solvent adhering to the woven textile is removed by contacting the textile with hot wafer or steam. As a preferred feature, the solvent is removed by immersion of the textile in a hot water bath which also contains a dyestutf for the textile material.
This invention relates to a process for the treatment of textile materials and more particularly to process improvements or modifications which can be used in conjunction with the securing of textile materials with organic solvents.
It is known, for example in UK. specification Nos. 812,984 and 916,338 to treat textile materials with an organic solvent, particularly a chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent, in order to clean them. This procedure is sometimes termed a solvent scouring treatment. In such a process the textile material is passed through a bath of organic solvent, under conditions which eluable contamination to be removed from the textile materials, and then the treated textile material laden with solvent is passed through an apparatus in which the solvent is evaporated and recovered. This final stage, commonly termed the flash-off stage, may be carried out using hot water or steam.
We have now found that this procedure is especially useful when carried out in conjunction with either or both of the following features:
(1) Use of textile assistants (for example sizes, lubricants, spin finishes or other materials) which can be applied, prior to or during the weaving of the textile materials, from an organic solvent medium. Such textile assistants may be applied in the form of a solution or dispersion or a melt as may be appropriate.
(2) Dyeing the material while it is in an open and absorbent condition by including a dyestutf in the water used in the flash-off system.
Either of these features can be used with advantage, but it is especially advantageous to combine a solvent scour with both the features mentioned so as to produce a composite process. It may be of course that the weaving is carried out by one operator and the sub sequent treatments (scouring, etc.) are carried out by another; accordingly it is most likely that the composite machine will include only the stages of solvent scouring, flash-ofi solvent and dyeing.
By using textile assistants which are entirely removable by means of the organic solvent we find that the solvent scouring stage can remove practically all contamination from the textile material and leave it in such ice a conditions that, after the adherent organic solvent is removed, it is throughly clean and in an excellent condition for dyeing.
When the textile assistants used in the weaving of the textile material are not entirely solvent-soluble, there may be a tendency for any residues remaining on the cloth after the solvent scouring stage to interfere slightly with the efficiency of the dyeing stage, though in many cases this may not be of more importance than slightly decreasing the efficiency of dyestuff usage.
Suitable textile assistants for application to the textile material before weaving or during weaving include any of the conventional materials which are soluble or dispersible in organic solvents, for example, oils, fats and waxes, and also polymeric materials of various types, for example, polyvinyl acetate types, polyvinyl acetals, polymethyl methacrylate and chlorinated rubber. These may be applied to textiles materials in the form of yarns, fibres, filaments, and the like before weaving. Many materials which have valuable properties as textile aslsrstants, particularly in connection with some or the newer synthetic textile materials, are seldom used at the present time because it is so difiicult to remove them by aqueous scouring after the weaving operation is complete. In the process of our present invention, we find that removal after weaving present no difficulty when the solvent scouring technique is used. Parafiin waxes may be mentioned in particular as an example of a lubricant of this type.
By the process of our invention, the textile assistants (e.g. sizes) will be removed as part of the solvent scourmg operation, thus eliminating the need for a separate scouring step. If desired, they may be recovered from the organic solvent solutions produced in the scouring operation.
Moreover, in the case of textile materials which are at all sensitive to water or aqueous solutions, our process has the advantage that the only aqueous solutions used are those such as would in any event be encountered in a dyeing operation; since these can be relatively mild compared with those necessary for aqueous scouring, the textile materials benefit considerably from the use of our techniques. In addition the contaminants (oils, grease, etc.) and the textile assistants, can be dealt with and retained in concentrated form and not turned out in the form of aqueous wastes.
The solvents and techniques which can be used for the solvent scouring stage may be particular any of those described more fully in UK. specifications Nos. 812,894; 916,338; 747,481; 749,705; 812,893; 844,943; 825,402 and patent applications Nos. 38,216/ 64 and 9,975/65. Thus the solvent may be in particular trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, 1,1,2-trichloro 1,2,2 trifluoroethane or mixtures thereof. The choice of solvent to be used depends very much upon the particular textile material concerned and the solvent is best chosen so that its solvent properties and boiling point are such that its use will not adversely elfect the textile material. In particular, it may be appropriate to use a low-boiling solvent, for example 1,1,2 trichloro 1,2,2 trifluoroethane, in the case of textile materials which are particularly sensitive to heat or solvent action.
The dyeing stage may involve the use of any of the conventional dyestuffs and dyeing assistants known in the art, and these may be selected appropriately to the frabic blend concerned. The temperature of the flash-off bath, and the time for which the textile materials are immersed in it may be varied within wide limits as may be appropriate to the particular materials involved. After emerging from the aqueous flash-oil? bath, the textile materials containing the dyestuff may be subjected to any of the known procedures appropriate to the dyeing operation concerned.
Textile materials which may be treated by the process of our present invention includes those made of cotton, and other cellulosic materials, wool, linen, regenerated cellulose and a variety of other natural and artificial materials including nylons, polyester, polypropylene, esterified cellulosic materials such as acetate rayon, and acrylic fibres, and mixtures of natural and/or artificial materials. The textile materials may be in the form of Webs or sheets, either woven or non-woven as may be desired.
What we claim is:
1. A process for the production of a woven textile material consisting essentially of applying to the textile material, either prior to or during weaving thereof, a textile assistant chosen from the group which is soluble in a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent, weaving the textile, immersing the Woven textile in a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent which dissolves and removes the said textile assistant from said woven textile and removing any halogenated hydrocarbon solvent adhering to said woven textile by contacting the woven textile with hot water or steam.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the woven textile material is immersed in a hot water bath which also contains a dyestuif for said textile material.
3. Process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the solvent is trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene or 1,1,2-trichloro- 1,2,2-trifiuoroethane.
4. Process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the textile assistant is a halogenated solvent-soluble polymeric material.
5. Process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the textile assistant is an oil, fat or wax.
6. Process as claimed in claim 5 wherein the textile assistant is a paraflin wax.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,549,014 4/1951 Romeyn 8138 FOREIGN PATENTS 600,765 6/ 1960 Canada. 603,285 8/1960 Great Britain. 968,399 9/1964 Great Britain.
MAYER WEINBLATT, Primary Examiner US. Cl. XR
US549498A 1965-06-24 1966-05-12 Treatment of textiles Expired - Lifetime US3476504A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB21905/65A GB1073659A (en) 1965-06-24 1965-06-24 Treatment of textiles
US54949866A 1966-05-12 1966-05-12
BE682935 1966-06-22
NL6609072A NL6609072A (en) 1965-06-24 1966-06-29

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US549469A Expired - Lifetime US3458273A (en) 1965-06-24 1966-05-12 Treatment of textiles
US549498A Expired - Lifetime US3476504A (en) 1965-06-24 1966-05-12 Treatment of textiles
US586663A Expired - Lifetime US3575686A (en) 1965-06-24 1966-10-14 Treatment of textiles

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US549469A Expired - Lifetime US3458273A (en) 1965-06-24 1966-05-12 Treatment of textiles

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US586663A Expired - Lifetime US3575686A (en) 1965-06-24 1966-10-14 Treatment of textiles

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US (3) US3458273A (en)
BE (1) BE682935A (en)
DE (1) DE1610979A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1073659A (en)
NL (1) NL6609072A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3630660A (en) * 1968-10-31 1971-12-28 Burlington Industries Inc Process for removal of moisture and/or solvents from textile materials
US3841833A (en) * 1972-08-24 1974-10-15 Gen Mills Chem Inc Recoverable warp sizing
US4076629A (en) * 1976-05-28 1978-02-28 The Dow Chemical Company Solvent soluble warp size
US4207072A (en) * 1974-02-28 1980-06-10 Bruckner Apparatebau Gmbh Processes for removing impurities from textile materials
US4253840A (en) * 1979-03-20 1981-03-03 Burlington Industries, Inc. Hot-melt size compositions and process for textiles
US4804383A (en) * 1984-09-11 1989-02-14 Pierre Rey Temporary prosthesis for tendons and ligaments, and a method of fitting same

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3991481A (en) * 1975-05-28 1976-11-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for recovering volatile organic liquids
US4234311A (en) * 1979-06-27 1980-11-18 Bruckner Apparatebau Gmbh Processes for removing impurities from textile materials
US5486211A (en) * 1994-09-26 1996-01-23 Glidden, Sr.; John L. Wool purification
CN112411212A (en) * 2020-11-12 2021-02-26 上海韬睿纺织科技有限公司 Production method of nylon super-high-elasticity fabric

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB603285A (en) * 1944-09-21 1948-06-14 Joseph Hamak Improvements in or relating to electric razors
US2549014A (en) * 1945-06-22 1951-04-17 Us Rubber Co Treatment of cellulosic fibers
CA600765A (en) * 1960-06-28 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Desizing process
GB968399A (en) * 1960-12-23 1964-09-02 Max Boehler Improvements in or relating to a method of milling, desizing and cleaning knitted and woven woollen textiles

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2176705A (en) * 1939-10-17 Method and apparatus fob continu
NL97827C (en) * 1953-01-20
US3042479A (en) * 1960-11-29 1962-07-03 Du Pont Chlorofluorohydrocarbons in dry cleaning compositions and process

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA600765A (en) * 1960-06-28 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Desizing process
GB603285A (en) * 1944-09-21 1948-06-14 Joseph Hamak Improvements in or relating to electric razors
US2549014A (en) * 1945-06-22 1951-04-17 Us Rubber Co Treatment of cellulosic fibers
GB968399A (en) * 1960-12-23 1964-09-02 Max Boehler Improvements in or relating to a method of milling, desizing and cleaning knitted and woven woollen textiles

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3630660A (en) * 1968-10-31 1971-12-28 Burlington Industries Inc Process for removal of moisture and/or solvents from textile materials
US3841833A (en) * 1972-08-24 1974-10-15 Gen Mills Chem Inc Recoverable warp sizing
US4207072A (en) * 1974-02-28 1980-06-10 Bruckner Apparatebau Gmbh Processes for removing impurities from textile materials
US4076629A (en) * 1976-05-28 1978-02-28 The Dow Chemical Company Solvent soluble warp size
US4253840A (en) * 1979-03-20 1981-03-03 Burlington Industries, Inc. Hot-melt size compositions and process for textiles
US4804383A (en) * 1984-09-11 1989-02-14 Pierre Rey Temporary prosthesis for tendons and ligaments, and a method of fitting same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1073659A (en) 1967-06-28
NL6609072A (en) 1968-01-02
US3458273A (en) 1969-07-29
DE1610979A1 (en) 1972-03-02
US3575686A (en) 1971-04-20
BE682935A (en) 1966-12-22

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