US3476180A - Studded heat exchanger tubes - Google Patents

Studded heat exchanger tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3476180A
US3476180A US650474A US3476180DA US3476180A US 3476180 A US3476180 A US 3476180A US 650474 A US650474 A US 650474A US 3476180D A US3476180D A US 3476180DA US 3476180 A US3476180 A US 3476180A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
studs
tubes
studded
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US650474A
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English (en)
Inventor
Harry E Straight Jr
John A Kivlen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
Original Assignee
Exxon Research and Engineering Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Exxon Research and Engineering Co filed Critical Exxon Research and Engineering Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3476180A publication Critical patent/US3476180A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/124—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and being formed of pins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/106—Studding of tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element

Definitions

  • This invention relates in general to furnaces, and in particular to improvements in extended surface tubes therefore permitting the contruction of a furnace heat exchanger which is smaller in size and lower in cost than conventional furnace heat exchangers employing prior art extended surface tubes.
  • substantially fifty percent of the studs may be eliminated from the portion of the tube periphery furthest most from the source of heat or on the downstream side of the flow of hot gases without substantially reducing the heat transfer capacity of the studded tube.
  • the omission of the studs from the, so to speak, backside of each tube periphery permits the placement of the tube centers closer together, with the result that a smaller furnace enclosure may be constructed having the same number of heat exchange tubes running therethrough to thereby produce a substantial cost saving.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a tube studding arrangement wherein overlapping and a highly compacted tube arrangement is possible.
  • ice- Another object of the invention is to provide a low cost high efficiency convection section for a furnace.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a typical cabin type process furnace
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of several heat exchange tubes in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevation view of a single tube of the invention.
  • a conventional cabin heater 10 is diagrammatically shown having a plurality of up-firing burners 24 located along a bottom wall thereof.
  • the burners 24 discharge combustion products upwardly to heat a plurality of primary heat transfer tubes 16 in the lower radiant heat section 12 of the furnace. Thereafter, the hot products of combustion continue their upward travel into a conventional convection or economizer section 14 thereabove which includes a plurality of transversely extending secondary heat transfer tubes 18 and outwardly through an uppermost flue 26.
  • Each of the tubes 18 includes a plurality of headed studs 20 which are attached in rows in staggered fashion typically by welding at their base directly to the outer surface of the tube 18.
  • the studs 20 include enlarged base portions and are preferably located relatively close together over approximately of the tube pheriphery.
  • the tube centers are located and positioned by suitable mounting structure not shown located in the side walls of convection section 14 in such a manner as to place the tips of the studs on one tube within the stud-free zone of an adjacent tube.
  • This relationship of adjacent tubes on one horizontal layer to the stud-free zone on the tubes below it on the next horizontal layer permits closer horizontal spacing of adjacent layers as well as closer side-by-side spacing of tubes on the same layer due to the fact that clearance need not beprovided between stud tips but only between a tube periphery which is stud-free and the adjacent stud tips. This relationship may best be seen at the spacing gap 22 of FIG.
  • a flue for heating gases for heating gases; and a plurality of heat exchanged tubes arranged transversely of the flow of heating gases, each of said heat exchange tubes including a plurality of individual extended surface metallic studs welded thereto and positioned in staggered rows about approximately 190 of the tube periphery leaving the remaining tube periphery free of studs, and means for mounting adjacent tubes in said flue in compacted relationship wherein the tips of the studs on one tube lie within the stud-free zone of an adjacent tube.
  • a flue for heating gases in a heat transfer section of a furnace, a flue for heating gases; and a plurality of horizontal layers of heat exchange tubes arranged transversely of the flow of heating gases, each of said heat exchange tubes in each layer including a plurality of individual extended surface metallic studs welded thereto and positioned in staggered rows about approximately 190 of the tube periphery leaving the remaining tube periphery free of studs, and means for mounting tubes in one layer partially in the fiow shadow of the tubes in the adjacent layer in compacted relationship therewith wherein the tips of the studs on one tube lie within the stud-free zone of an adjacent tube on the adjacent layer.
  • Apparatus comprising, in combination, a fiue for the passage of heated flowing gases therethrough, a plurality of metallic tubes, each tube including a plurality of individual extended surface circular metallic studs welded thereto and positioned in staggered rows about approximately 190 of the tube periphery leaving the remaining tube periphery free of studs, means mounting each of said tubes in said flue with its studs oriented to face upstream of said flowing gases in a plurality of layers with the tubes in one layer partially in the flow shadow of the tubes in the adjacent layer and in compacted relationship therewith, wherein the tips of the studs on one tube lie within the stud-free zone of an adjacent tube on the adjacent layer.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US650474A 1967-06-30 1967-06-30 Studded heat exchanger tubes Expired - Lifetime US3476180A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US65047467A 1967-06-30 1967-06-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3476180A true US3476180A (en) 1969-11-04

Family

ID=24609067

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US650474A Expired - Lifetime US3476180A (en) 1967-06-30 1967-06-30 Studded heat exchanger tubes

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3476180A (enExample)
DE (1) DE1751586A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR1572752A (enExample)
GB (1) GB1176451A (enExample)
NL (1) NL6808871A (enExample)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3917062A (en) * 1974-11-01 1975-11-04 Sterndent Corp Mixing container for dental materials
US3936681A (en) * 1972-12-04 1976-02-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Cooling arrangement for electric generators of underwater power plants
US4416223A (en) * 1980-05-21 1983-11-22 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Heat exchangers
US4877087A (en) * 1984-08-16 1989-10-31 Sundstrand Heat Transfer, Inc. Segmented fin heat exchanger core
US5107798A (en) * 1991-04-08 1992-04-28 Sage Of America Co. Composite studs, pulp mill recovery boiler including composite studs and method for protecting boiler tubes
US5437247A (en) * 1994-04-08 1995-08-01 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Drop down corbelling (LAW029)
US5799724A (en) * 1997-07-22 1998-09-01 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Trapezoidal deflectors for heat exchanger tubes
US20050120780A1 (en) * 2003-12-05 2005-06-09 Marcio Gerep Studded boiler tube wall and method of measuring corrosion thereon
EP2910303A1 (en) 2014-02-21 2015-08-26 Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. Pinned furnace tubes
US10030867B2 (en) 2013-09-19 2018-07-24 PSNergy, LLC Radiant heat insert
US10167431B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2019-01-01 Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. Pinned furnace tubes

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7604220A (nl) * 1976-04-21 1977-10-25 Leer Koninklijke Emballage Houder met uitstroomkanaal en een eenmalige sluiting.
DE3139477C2 (de) * 1981-10-03 1985-08-14 Buderus Ag, 6330 Wetzlar Zentralheizungskessel für feste Brennstoffe
EP0209626B1 (en) * 1985-07-19 1990-10-31 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Erosion resistant waterwall

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1390783A (en) * 1916-07-17 1921-09-13 Hering Carl Method of and apparatus for transmitting heat
US1521864A (en) * 1922-03-13 1925-01-06 Superheater Co Ltd Device for increasing heat absorption
FR743795A (enExample) * 1933-04-06
US1942211A (en) * 1933-04-20 1934-01-02 Charles W Hartwig Combination guard and heat transfer device
FR827519A (fr) * 1937-01-12 1938-04-28 Alsthom Cgee Perfectionnement apporté aux tubes pour échangeurs de chaleur
GB545608A (en) * 1940-11-29 1942-06-04 Arthur Bland Tillotson Improvements in tubular heat exchange apparatus for fluids
US3163153A (en) * 1962-03-30 1964-12-29 Foster Wheeler Corp Waste heat recovery apparatus with integral fired heater

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR743795A (enExample) * 1933-04-06
US1390783A (en) * 1916-07-17 1921-09-13 Hering Carl Method of and apparatus for transmitting heat
US1521864A (en) * 1922-03-13 1925-01-06 Superheater Co Ltd Device for increasing heat absorption
US1942211A (en) * 1933-04-20 1934-01-02 Charles W Hartwig Combination guard and heat transfer device
FR827519A (fr) * 1937-01-12 1938-04-28 Alsthom Cgee Perfectionnement apporté aux tubes pour échangeurs de chaleur
GB545608A (en) * 1940-11-29 1942-06-04 Arthur Bland Tillotson Improvements in tubular heat exchange apparatus for fluids
US3163153A (en) * 1962-03-30 1964-12-29 Foster Wheeler Corp Waste heat recovery apparatus with integral fired heater

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3936681A (en) * 1972-12-04 1976-02-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Cooling arrangement for electric generators of underwater power plants
US3917062A (en) * 1974-11-01 1975-11-04 Sterndent Corp Mixing container for dental materials
US4416223A (en) * 1980-05-21 1983-11-22 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Heat exchangers
US4877087A (en) * 1984-08-16 1989-10-31 Sundstrand Heat Transfer, Inc. Segmented fin heat exchanger core
US5107798A (en) * 1991-04-08 1992-04-28 Sage Of America Co. Composite studs, pulp mill recovery boiler including composite studs and method for protecting boiler tubes
US5437247A (en) * 1994-04-08 1995-08-01 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Drop down corbelling (LAW029)
EP0676463A3 (en) * 1994-04-08 1996-03-27 Exxon Research Engineering Co Heater with swiveling console.
US5799724A (en) * 1997-07-22 1998-09-01 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Trapezoidal deflectors for heat exchanger tubes
US20050120780A1 (en) * 2003-12-05 2005-06-09 Marcio Gerep Studded boiler tube wall and method of measuring corrosion thereon
US7337655B2 (en) 2003-12-05 2008-03-04 Sage Of America, Inc. Studded boiler tube wall and method of measuring corrosion thereon
US10167431B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2019-01-01 Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. Pinned furnace tubes
US10030867B2 (en) 2013-09-19 2018-07-24 PSNergy, LLC Radiant heat insert
US10823396B2 (en) 2013-09-19 2020-11-03 PSNergy, LLC Radiant heat insert
EP2910303A1 (en) 2014-02-21 2015-08-26 Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. Pinned furnace tubes
US9540570B2 (en) 2014-02-21 2017-01-10 Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. Pinned furnace tubes
US10000707B2 (en) 2014-02-21 2018-06-19 Nova Chemicals (International) S.A. Pinned furnace tubes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1572752A (enExample) 1969-06-27
DE1751586A1 (de) 1971-08-05
GB1176451A (en) 1970-01-01
NL6808871A (enExample) 1968-12-31

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