US3474485A - Automatic universal door closer - Google Patents

Automatic universal door closer Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3474485A
US3474485A US666153A US3474485DA US3474485A US 3474485 A US3474485 A US 3474485A US 666153 A US666153 A US 666153A US 3474485D A US3474485D A US 3474485DA US 3474485 A US3474485 A US 3474485A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
piston
door closer
cam
pistons
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US666153A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Milan Mittig
Jiri Svoboda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZAVODY UMELECKE KOVOVYROBY NARODNI PODNIK
Original Assignee
ZAVODY UMELECKE KOVOVYROBY NARODNI PODNIK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZAVODY UMELECKE KOVOVYROBY NARODNI PODNIK filed Critical ZAVODY UMELECKE KOVOVYROBY NARODNI PODNIK
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3474485A publication Critical patent/US3474485A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
    • E05F3/10—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction
    • E05F3/104—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction with cam-and-slide transmission between driving shaft and piston within the closer housing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/22—Additional arrangements for closers, e.g. for holding the wing in opened or other position
    • E05F3/225—Additional arrangements for closers, e.g. for holding the wing in opened or other position mounted at the bottom of wings, e.g. details related to seals, covers, connections to the wings, embedding in the floor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/22—Additional arrangements for closers, e.g. for holding the wing in opened or other position
    • E05F3/227—Additional arrangements for closers, e.g. for holding the wing in opened or other position mounted at the top of wings, e.g. details related to closer housings, covers, end caps or rails therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/10—Additional functions
    • E05Y2800/12—Sealing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/20—Combinations of elements
    • E05Y2800/22—Combinations of elements of not identical elements of the same category, e.g. combinations of not identical springs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/26—Form or shape
    • E05Y2800/28—Form or shape tubular, annular
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/132—Doors

Definitions

  • the cam including one concave and two convex cam surfaces, and the two pistons include means which bear against the cam surfaces of the cam in order to control the movement thereof.
  • One of the two pistons defining between itself and the end of the tubular housing a damping space, which is one of the three aforementioned chambers, and which is in communication with the adjacent chambers via, at least, one suction passage and one discharge channel disposed in the walls of said housing.
  • the tubular housing being filled with hydraulic fluid. Biasing means are mounted in the tubular housing for urging the two pistons towards each other.
  • the present invention relates to an automatic universal door closer.
  • the door closer of this invention is very compactly constructed and also provides a remarkable reduction in the transmissoin ratio between the door wing and the working members of the door closer.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an automatic door closer which can perform the same functions as the known automatic door closers but has substantially reduced dimensions when compared with the latter.
  • the automatic door closer of this invention thus can be used for left and right hand doors, and swinging and sliding doors when the latter are provided with the necessary connecting levers.
  • the automatic door closer of the present invention may be mounted below the floor level, or above the ceiling levels, or, when provided with the necessary connecting levers, in any other position without affecting the proper operation of the device.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an automatic door closer in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view along line AA of FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is illustrated therein the tubular housing 1 of the door closer, which has preferably a square cross section.
  • This housing 1 may conveniently be mounted below the floor, or near the upper end of the door wing, or on the door frame, or any other place from where it can be suitably connected to the door.
  • the elongated tubular housing 1 has an axial interior space 2 and is closed in a fluid-tight manner at its axial ends, respectively, with the covers 3 and 4.
  • the housing is filled with a suitable hydraulic fluid, such as oil.
  • Two pistons 5 and 6 are axially reciprocally mounted in the housing 1 and divide the housing 1 effectively into three separate chambers. The latter are in communication with each other via the channel 7 in piston 5 and the channels 8 and 9, which longitudinally extend through the walls of the housing 1.
  • the channel 8 provides a passage for sucking the oil from the chamber between the two pistons 5 and 6 into the chamber behind the piston 6.
  • the passage 8 is provided with a suitable ball 10 and spring 11 and therefore acts as a nonreturn valve permitting only unidirectional flow in the afore-described direction.
  • a hollow screw 12 is threaded into one end of the channel 8 and serves to adjust the compression on the spring 11.
  • a regulating needle 13 is adjustably mounted in the wall of housing 1 and extends transversely across the channel 9, thereby serving to regulate the flow of the oil therethrough.
  • a pin 20 is transversely and pivotally mounted between the pistons 5 and 6.
  • a plate 16 is mounted in the wall of the housing 1.
  • the lower end of the pin 20 is supported on a ball race in a cavity of the plate 16.
  • the upper square end of the pin 20 extendsthrough an opening in an upper plate 17, which is sealed by means of a seal ring 18.
  • the upper plate 17 is mounted in a fluid tight manner in the housing 1.
  • a second ball race 19 is mounted in a suitable cavity of the upper plate 17 and serves to guide the pin 20. The latter is thus axially and radially guided by the ball races 15 and 19.
  • the cam member 14 is preferably heartshaped and the periphery, which extends transversely to the axis of the housing, includes one slightly concave and two symmetrical convex surfaces.
  • a pair of rollers 21 and 22 is secured to the pins 24, which are rotatably mounted in a pair of projections of the piston 5.
  • a roller 23 is secured to the pin 25, which is rotatably mounted on a pair of projections to the piston 6.
  • the rollers 21 and 22 bear against the concave surface of the cam member 14, whereas the roller' 23 bears against the point of the cam member 14 when the pin 20 is in its neutral position.
  • the oil pressure, which forms in the chamber adjacent to the cover 4 also urges the piston 6 and the roller 23 against the cam member 14.
  • a screw 29 is threadably mounted in a fluid-tight manner in the upper wall of the housing 1 and protrudes inwardly so as to abut against a complementary oblique surface 31 of the piston 6, thereby limiting the stroke of the piston 6.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the pin 20 and cam member 14 in their neutral positions.
  • the door wing is indirectly or directly mechanically connected to the pin 20 so that when the door wing is swung in either direction from its closed condition, the pin 20 and cam member 14 are also rotated. Due to the rotational movement of the latter, the piston 5 is urged, via the rollers 21, 22 and the pins 29, towards the cover 3, thereby slightly compressing the system of springs 26, 27. Similarly, the spring 28 causes an axial movement of the piston 6 in the same direction as the movement of the piston 5.
  • the velocity of the closing motion can be adjusted by adjusting the needle 13 in the channel 9.
  • a damping action is generally only required during the end phase of the closing motion of a door wing. Therefore, the stroke of the piston 6 is limited by the screw 29 so that the roller 23 can only follow the cam surface of cam member 14 during a portion of the opening or closing cycle of the pin 20.
  • Notches or cutouts which are of complementary shape with respect to the rollers 21, 22, may be provided on the cam surfaces for stopping the door wing at preselected points as, for examples, in a preselected open position.
  • An automatic universal door closer comprising, in combination, a tubular housing, closed at both of its ends, and being filled with a hydraulic fluid;
  • a pair of pistons axially reciprocally mounted in said housing and effectively dividing the latter into three axially aligned chambers, each one of said three chambers being in communication with the adjacent chambers, and the middle chamber being disposed between said pair of pistons;
  • cam means rotatably mounted in said housing within the confines of the middle one of said three axially aligned chambers, the axis of rotation of said cam means being normal to the axis of said housing, said cam means transversely projecting from said housbiasing means, operatively connected to said pair of pistons for urging the latter towards said cam means, and
  • roller means operatively mounted on said pair of pistons for contacting said cam means.
  • cam means is substantially heartshaped and includes a pair of symmetrically disposed convex surfaces and one concave surface.
  • roller means mounted on said pair of pistons, are adapted to follow along said concave and convex surfaces of said cam means.
  • said passage means includes at least one suction passage and at least one discharge passage.

Landscapes

  • Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
US666153A 1966-09-24 1967-09-07 Automatic universal door closer Expired - Lifetime US3474485A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS614366 1966-09-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3474485A true US3474485A (en) 1969-10-28

Family

ID=5407785

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US666153A Expired - Lifetime US3474485A (en) 1966-09-24 1967-09-07 Automatic universal door closer

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3474485A (enExample)
AT (1) AT276998B (enExample)
DK (1) DK119755B (enExample)
GB (1) GB1174327A (enExample)
NL (1) NL6711542A (enExample)
SE (1) SE334558B (enExample)
YU (1) YU31930B (enExample)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3668737A (en) * 1968-11-07 1972-06-13 Doerken & Mankel Kg Automatic door closer
US3838477A (en) * 1972-01-06 1974-10-01 Gibbons J Ltd Door-closing mechanism
US20070033768A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2007-02-15 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door closer
US20080022490A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2008-01-31 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door Closer with a Drive
US20080127452A1 (en) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 Jackson B Stewart Floor hinge assembly
WO2009149587A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Taizhou Moer Hardware Mfg. Corp. Door closer systems and methods
US8225458B1 (en) 2001-07-13 2012-07-24 Hoffberg Steven M Intelligent door restraint
US20120233812A1 (en) * 2009-12-01 2012-09-20 Dorma Gmbh +Co. Kg Door Closer With Free-Swing Function
US20140366319A1 (en) * 2011-12-02 2014-12-18 Thomas Salutzki Door Actuator
US20150121653A1 (en) * 2012-05-18 2015-05-07 In & Tec S.R.L. System for controllable rotation of closing element
US10961759B2 (en) * 2016-02-25 2021-03-30 Cmech (Guangzhou) Ltd. Pneumatic door closer
US10961761B2 (en) * 2017-06-19 2021-03-30 Fritsjurgens Holding B.V. Pivot door hinge
US11242705B2 (en) * 2019-01-16 2022-02-08 Dormakaba Deutschland Gmbh Door actuator
WO2023213541A1 (en) 2022-05-02 2023-11-09 Fritsjurgens Holding B.V. A pivot hinge and pivotal door leaf
US20240229533A1 (en) * 2021-05-06 2024-07-11 Colcom Group S.P.A. System for the controlled rotary movement of a door, a leaf or the like
US20250207448A1 (en) * 2023-12-20 2025-06-26 Sun-Q Door Controls Limited Eccentric cam action door closer for glass door

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19922916A1 (de) * 1999-01-18 2000-07-20 Geze Gmbh Türschließer
RU2312196C1 (ru) * 2006-04-03 2007-12-10 Владимир Елифович Сидоров Устройство для закрывания двери
CN103306565B (zh) * 2013-06-25 2016-08-10 苏州市富尔达科技股份有限公司 具有密封结构的闭门器

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE503424A (enExample) *

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE503424A (enExample) *

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3668737A (en) * 1968-11-07 1972-06-13 Doerken & Mankel Kg Automatic door closer
US3838477A (en) * 1972-01-06 1974-10-01 Gibbons J Ltd Door-closing mechanism
US8225458B1 (en) 2001-07-13 2012-07-24 Hoffberg Steven M Intelligent door restraint
US11187022B1 (en) 2001-07-13 2021-11-30 Steven M. Hoffberg Intelligent door restraint
US9995076B1 (en) 2001-07-13 2018-06-12 Steven M. Hoffberg Intelligent door restraint
US9121217B1 (en) 2001-07-13 2015-09-01 Steven M. Hoffberg Intelligent door restraint
US20070033768A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2007-02-15 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door closer
US20080022490A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2008-01-31 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door Closer with a Drive
US20080127452A1 (en) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 Jackson B Stewart Floor hinge assembly
WO2009149587A1 (en) * 2008-06-13 2009-12-17 Taizhou Moer Hardware Mfg. Corp. Door closer systems and methods
US8826494B2 (en) * 2009-12-01 2014-09-09 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door closer comprising cam drive
US9187942B2 (en) * 2009-12-01 2015-11-17 Dorma Deutschland Gmbh Hydraulic directional solenoid valve and door closer having a hydraulic directional solenoid valve
US8806715B2 (en) * 2009-12-01 2014-08-19 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door closer comprising device for preventing a spring-back
US8819895B2 (en) * 2009-12-01 2014-09-02 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door closer with free-swing function
US20120279013A1 (en) * 2009-12-01 2012-11-08 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Hydraulic directional solenoid valve and door closer having a hydraulic directional solenoid valve
US8875344B2 (en) * 2009-12-01 2014-11-04 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door closer
US20130000074A1 (en) * 2009-12-01 2013-01-03 Volker Bienek Door Closer Comprising Cam Drive
US20120233812A1 (en) * 2009-12-01 2012-09-20 Dorma Gmbh +Co. Kg Door Closer With Free-Swing Function
US20120240351A1 (en) * 2009-12-01 2012-09-27 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door closer comprising device for preventing a spring-back
US20120233811A1 (en) * 2009-12-01 2012-09-20 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door closer
US20140366319A1 (en) * 2011-12-02 2014-12-18 Thomas Salutzki Door Actuator
US9181744B2 (en) * 2011-12-02 2015-11-10 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door actuator
US9353565B2 (en) * 2012-05-18 2016-05-31 In & Tec S.R.L. System for controllable rotation of closing element
US20150121653A1 (en) * 2012-05-18 2015-05-07 In & Tec S.R.L. System for controllable rotation of closing element
US10961759B2 (en) * 2016-02-25 2021-03-30 Cmech (Guangzhou) Ltd. Pneumatic door closer
US10995532B2 (en) * 2016-02-25 2021-05-04 Cmech (Guangzhou) Ltd. Pneumatic door closer
US10961761B2 (en) * 2017-06-19 2021-03-30 Fritsjurgens Holding B.V. Pivot door hinge
US11242705B2 (en) * 2019-01-16 2022-02-08 Dormakaba Deutschland Gmbh Door actuator
US20240229533A1 (en) * 2021-05-06 2024-07-11 Colcom Group S.P.A. System for the controlled rotary movement of a door, a leaf or the like
WO2023213541A1 (en) 2022-05-02 2023-11-09 Fritsjurgens Holding B.V. A pivot hinge and pivotal door leaf
US20250207448A1 (en) * 2023-12-20 2025-06-26 Sun-Q Door Controls Limited Eccentric cam action door closer for glass door

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1708457A1 (de) 1972-01-27
NL6711542A (enExample) 1968-03-25
SE334558B (enExample) 1971-04-26
DK119755B (da) 1971-02-15
GB1174327A (en) 1969-12-17
AT276998B (de) 1969-12-10
YU31930B (en) 1974-02-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3474485A (en) Automatic universal door closer
US2994906A (en) Door closer with expansion chamber
US4378612A (en) Door closer delayed action speed control system
US5337448A (en) Method of swinging a pivoted door to a selected position and cam and follower mechanism for use in the method
US5291630A (en) Damper and method of controlling a door
US4376323A (en) Automatic door closer
US4349939A (en) Automatic door closer
US3246362A (en) Door closer
US4386446A (en) Door closer
US2027423A (en) Doorcheck
US3213760A (en) Fluid cushion
US7003847B2 (en) Door closer
US3156002A (en) Hold-open mechanism for door closer
US1736175A (en) Doorcheck
US2770003A (en) Hydraulic door closer
US3815361A (en) Device for operating hinged closures
US2528904A (en) Closing device for doors
US3426383A (en) Door closer mechanism
US2116185A (en) Door closer and check
US2230661A (en) Door closing device
FI52491B (enExample)
SU437871A1 (ru) Двойной клапан-пульсатор
US2133614A (en) Closure control
RU196446U1 (ru) Гидравлический доводчик двери
US2202303A (en) Hydraulic checking mechanism