US3472990A - Inductor arrangement for surface-hardening flanged shafts - Google Patents

Inductor arrangement for surface-hardening flanged shafts Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3472990A
US3472990A US698340A US3472990DA US3472990A US 3472990 A US3472990 A US 3472990A US 698340 A US698340 A US 698340A US 3472990D A US3472990D A US 3472990DA US 3472990 A US3472990 A US 3472990A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
hardening
conductor
heating
inductor
flange
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US698340A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Seulen
Friedhelm Reinke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Elotherm GmbH
Original Assignee
AEG Elotherm GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AEG Elotherm GmbH filed Critical AEG Elotherm GmbH
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3472990A publication Critical patent/US3472990A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06—Surface hardening
    • C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
    • C21D1/10—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation by electric induction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the inductive surface hardening of workpieces having an end portion of greater diameter, for instance a plate-shaped flange.
  • Workpieces of this configuration are used to provide for instance rear' axle shafts, half shafts and propeller shafts of motor vehicles, and it is increasingly desirable if not'necessary to submit practically the entire surface of such workpieces, i.e. the area comprising the surface of the shaft, highly stressed regions of the flange and the angle between shaft and flange, to inductive surface hardening.
  • the invention is based on the fact that for inductively surface-hardening workpieces of the type described, the manner in which the inductive treatmentfor achieving the required hardening of the shaft portion of the workpiece is not so critical as that which must be applied to the portion of increased diameter, e.g. a flange, and the transition angle between the shaft and the said portion of increased diameter.
  • the conductor loop of an inductor which had been designed for treating a shaft of 60 mm. diameter still gave satisfactory results on a shaft which had a 30% smaller diameter, i.e. shaft of 40 mm. diameter.
  • the invention consists of an inductor arrangement for surface-hardening rotating workpieces having an elon-- gate cylindrical shaft and an end flange of greater diam: eter than the shaft, comprising at least two heating conductor loops comprising a principal conductor loop for heating a portion of the said shaft, disposed parallel to the surface of the shaft in the axial direction and a secondary conductor loop for treating at least a portion of the said flange including the angle between the root of the flange and the shaft, a portion of the said secondary loop disposed parallel to the surface of the shaft in the longitudinal axial direction, and the said principal and secondary conductor loops abut each other, and wherein at least one of the said loops is replaceable.
  • the division between the two heating conductors should be as close as possible to the root of the flange, firstly to permit the secondary conductor to be given an optimum geometrical shape and secondly to reduce the portion of the shaft heated by the secondary conductor to a minimum.
  • the principal heating conductor need not be exchanged; only the secondary heating conductor requiring replacement. This results not only in a considerable saving in investment cost but also in time otherwise lost in retooling the inductor.
  • conductors applying the current to the said principal and secondary heating conductor loops are juxtaposed so that one shields the other. Moreover, it is desirable axially to stagger, i.e. to axially effect adjacent, e.g. abutting ends of conductor loops.
  • the inductor arrangement according to the invention is capable of generating a hardened layer in workpieces which is not affected by the presence of the abutting conductor ends if the inductor is operated by a method which comprises connecting a principal conductor heating loop and a secondary conductor heating p arranged according to the invention, for unequal lengths of time to current sources of different frequencies and'different power.
  • a current source should be used which can supply alternating current at frequencies between 500 and 500,000'c./s.
  • FIGURES 1a and 1b are longitudinal sections of two examples of flanged shafts of different dimensions, which.
  • FIGURE 2 is a schematic perspective representation of the disposition of a principal and secondary conductor heating loop arranged according to the invention
  • FIGURES 3 and 4 illustrate the manner in which the heating conductors may be supplied with current at abut in FIGURE 1b with a hardened layer 4 that differs at the flange 2 from that shown in FIGURE 1a.
  • the hardening problem in both workpieces is identical, namely the provision of a hardened layer on the entire length of the shaft including the angle 5 at the root of the flange as well as the splines 3.
  • hardening must be effected from a uniform temperature, Le. a zone conforming with the desired hardened layer must be heated uniformly and continuously throughout the surface of the workpiece.
  • FIGURE 2 This may be eflected by using an inductor according to the invention such as that shown in FIGURE 2, which consists of a principal conductor heating loop comprising conductor portions 6 and 6' and a secondary conductor heating loop comprising conductor portions 7 and 7.
  • Cross members 6" and 7" and supply conductors 8, 8' and 9, 9 respectively complete the circuits through 6, 6' and 7, 7' to form heating loops extending over the workpiece surface.
  • the two associated parallel conductor portions in each loop are separated by an angular distance not exceeding 180 degrees.
  • the uniformity of the heated surface layer may be further improved by relatively staggering, lengthwise of the workpiece, the joints where the heating conductor portions 6', 7' and 6, 7 abut, so that the point of abutment between 6' and 7' may be slightly closer to the end of the workpiece than that between 6 and 7.
  • the current supply conductor 8 associated with the principal conductor is preferably so contrived that it will incidentally locate the secondary conductor when this is inserted from above during an exchange in the direction indicated by arrow 11.
  • FIGURE 5 illustrates a circuit arrangement which permits the surface heating of flanged shafts to be further improved in order to comply with practical requirements.
  • the principal conductor 6 and the secondary conductor 7 of the inductor are connected via separate transformers 12 and 13 to a source of medium or high frequency current.
  • Capacitors 14 and 15 in association with the transformers provide the required frequencies.
  • the current is applied by switches 18 and 19 which are operable at different times and at different intervals under the control of timing devices 16 and 17.
  • the proposed arrangement and the proposed method permit not only workpieces with a 4 plate-shaped flange, but also workpieces formed at one or both ends of the shaft with bell-shaped or convex or concave flanges, to be inductively hardened.
  • said means for supplying current comprises first and second supply conductors for conducting current to said principal and secondary loops, respectively, said supply conductors being placed in a side-by-side relationship in such a manner that one of said supply conductors shields the other.
  • said means for supplying current includes means for connecting said principal and secondary loops for unequal periods to current sources for supplying different frequencies and power to each of said loops.
  • a method of heat treating a rotating workpiece having an elongated cylindrical member with an end flange member of greater diameter being joined thereto comprising the steps of placing a first conductor loop in a parallel relationship to the surface of said cylindrical member, placing a second conductor loop in a parallel relationship to the surface of said cylindrical member adjacent said flange member, and supplying for unequal periods current from sources operating at different frequencies and power to said first and second loops, respectively.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
US698340A 1967-11-14 1968-01-16 Inductor arrangement for surface-hardening flanged shafts Expired - Lifetime US3472990A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEA0057366 1967-11-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3472990A true US3472990A (en) 1969-10-14

Family

ID=6941039

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US698340A Expired - Lifetime US3472990A (en) 1967-11-14 1968-01-16 Inductor arrangement for surface-hardening flanged shafts

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3472990A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4814215B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1583333B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1554383A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1153962A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1798427A4 (en) * 2004-08-02 2008-05-28 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd HOLLOWED POWER TRANSMISSION SHAFT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF
US20250027530A1 (en) * 2020-09-17 2025-01-23 Hitachi Astemo, Ltd. Stub shaft, power transmission shaft, and method for manufacturing a stub shaft

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3843457C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1988-12-23 1989-07-20 Aeg-Elotherm Gmbh, 5630 Remscheid, De
DE4021025C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1990-07-02 1991-09-19 Aeg-Elotherm Gmbh, 5630 Remscheid, De
CN104315123A (zh) * 2014-11-04 2015-01-28 李步全 一种变速箱通孔法兰轴

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2444259A (en) * 1944-09-21 1948-06-29 Gen Electric Method of high-frequency induction heating
US2643325A (en) * 1950-10-06 1953-06-23 Ohio Crankshaft Co Progressive high-frequency heating of variable-dimension shafts

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1228645B (de) * 1965-07-23 1966-11-17 Alfing Kessler Kommanditgesell Verfahren zum induktiven Haerten von rotationssymmetrischen Werkstuecken, insbesondere von rotationssymmetrischen Wellenteilen oder Lagerstellen von Kurbelwellen

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2444259A (en) * 1944-09-21 1948-06-29 Gen Electric Method of high-frequency induction heating
US2643325A (en) * 1950-10-06 1953-06-23 Ohio Crankshaft Co Progressive high-frequency heating of variable-dimension shafts

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1798427A4 (en) * 2004-08-02 2008-05-28 Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd HOLLOWED POWER TRANSMISSION SHAFT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THEREOF
US20090082117A1 (en) * 2004-08-02 2009-03-26 Katsuhiro Sakurai Hollow power transmission shaft and method of manufacturing the same
US8101031B2 (en) 2004-08-02 2012-01-24 Ntn Corporation Hollow power transmission shaft and method of manufacturing the same
US20250027530A1 (en) * 2020-09-17 2025-01-23 Hitachi Astemo, Ltd. Stub shaft, power transmission shaft, and method for manufacturing a stub shaft

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4814215B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-05-04
FR1554383A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-01-17
DE1583333B1 (de) 1971-01-14
GB1153962A (en) 1969-06-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3531612A (en) Means for heating by induction
US3659069A (en) Inductor for heating an elongated workpiece having a varied profile
US4855556A (en) Method and apparatus for hardening gears and similar workpieces
US3737613A (en) Inductor for heating an elongated workpiece having different cross-sections
US2556243A (en) Means and method of simultaneous hardening of opposite surfaces of thin metallic members
US3846609A (en) Inductor for inductively heating elongated rotating workpiece
US3472990A (en) Inductor arrangement for surface-hardening flanged shafts
EP0097408A3 (en) Induction heating method and apparatus for elongated workpieces
US3592703A (en) Method for treating circular saw blades and product produced thereby
US2477029A (en) Means for inductively heating flanged articles
US3196244A (en) Inductor for the surface heating of gear wheels
US3684851A (en) Apparatus and a process for inductively heating workpieces
ES482517A1 (es) Procedimiento para la fabricacion de un producto abrasivo.
US2419619A (en) Method of heat-treating flanges and the like
US3784780A (en) Apparatus and method of inductively heating spaced surfaces on an elongated workpiece
US2479934A (en) Heat treating
US1791934A (en) Induction heating
US2428303A (en) Induction heating means for gear teeth
US2428705A (en) Inductor for induction heating of objects of various sizes and shapes
US3522405A (en) Apparatus for inductively heating metal workpieces
US3272954A (en) Method of heating by induction
GB1233633A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
US3174884A (en) Method of surface hardening steel rolls and apparatus for carrying out the same
JP2004315851A (ja) ラックバーの高周波焼入方法及び装置
US3598665A (en) Method of hot straightening elongated metal workpieces