US3468475A - Method and apparatus for shockless feeding of liquid to the separating chamber of a centrifuge - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for shockless feeding of liquid to the separating chamber of a centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
US3468475A
US3468475A US639203A US3468475DA US3468475A US 3468475 A US3468475 A US 3468475A US 639203 A US639203 A US 639203A US 3468475D A US3468475D A US 3468475DA US 3468475 A US3468475 A US 3468475A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
rotor
milk
pipe
centrifuge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US639203A
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English (en)
Inventor
Henric Wilhelm Thylefors
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alfa Laval AB
Original Assignee
Alfa Laval AB
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SE7003/66A external-priority patent/SE310866B/xx
Application filed by Alfa Laval AB filed Critical Alfa Laval AB
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3468475A publication Critical patent/US3468475A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/04—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls
    • B04B1/08—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles with inserted separating walls of conical shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
    • B04B11/02—Continuous feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor

Definitions

  • the liquid is fed continuously from a supply source in the form of a stationary feed pipe coaxial with the centrifugal rotor, and means rotatable with the rotor form a hollow body having an end wall closely opposing the discharge end of the feed pipe, this body also having a smooth inner surface which is a generally conical surface of revolution concentrically surrounding the feed pipe in spaced relation thereto.
  • Liquid is directed without impact from the stationary pipe to the opposing rotating end wall and thence in an annular layer flowing radially outward and generally axially of the rotor along the smooth surface of revolution, which gradually increases the rotational speed of the liquid. From the latter surface, the liquid passes to the separating chamber of the rotor, preferably by way of another generally conical and smooth surface of revolution surrounding the first one and which effects a further gradual increase in the rotational speed of the liquid.
  • the present invention relates to a method for the introduction, without impacts, of a liquid into a centrifugal separating chamber from a stationary inlet pipe, and also to a centrifuge adapted to this purpose.
  • the principal object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem, so that a liquid fed into a centrifugal rotor from a stationary inlet pipe can be brought into rotation without impacts or air admixture and Without need for the aforementioned seals.
  • the liquid flows from the discharge opening of the stationary pipe in the axial direction of the centrifugal rotor and along a smooth (vaneless) surface of revolution provided in the rotor, up to a liquid level formed in the rotor. Due to the rotation, the liquid flows in a thin layer along this smooth surface.
  • the air space around the outside of the inlet 3,468,475 Patented Sept. 23, 1969 pipe prevents friction between the liquid layer and the pipe, which friction 'would oppose entraining of the liquid layer in the rotation of the rotor by the friction between the liquid layer and the smooth surface of revolution.
  • the liquid layer is de-aerated, while flowing axially along the smooth surface of revolution, by the separating action of the centrifugal force; and this deaeration can be so effective that when separating milk, for example, the cream will be separated more completely than in a centrifuge having an hermetically sealed inlet to the rotor.
  • the invention can, of course, be used for other emulsions than milk.
  • the liquid in order to attain a good separation result, it is desired that the liquid, before the rotational speed of the rotor has been fully imparted to it, be allowed to move radially outward in the rotor along a smooth (vaneless) surface of revolution of the rotor.
  • the liquid may be allowed to flow along one or several conical surfaces of revolution. It is especially favorable to the separation result if the rotational speed of the rotor is imparted to the liquid only by allowing the liquid to flow along one or several smooth surfaces of revolution of the rotor.
  • the new centrifuge comprises a stationary inlet pipe, coaxial with the rotor, having its discharge end closely opposed by a wall rotatable with the rotor and extending transversely of the axis of rotation, this wall forming an end wall of a hollow body.
  • the inside of the hollow body forms a smooth (vaneless) surface of revolution concentrically surrounding the feed pipe and extending axially of the rotor. This surface of revolution widens conically from the discharge end of the pipe, and the liquid passes from this surface through a passage in the rotor leading to its separating chamber.
  • the air space within the annular liquid layer formed on the inside of the hollow body preferably has an open connection to the surrounding atmosphere.
  • a rotor body 1 has a cover 2 which is retained by means of a locking ring 3.
  • the rotor is supported on and driven by a shaft 4, and extending into the rotor are a stationary inlet pipe 5 and two stationary outlets pipes 6 and 7, the two outlet pipes being connected to stationary paring discs 8 and 9, respectively.
  • the paring discs 8 and 9 are located in paring chambers 10 and 11, respectively, in the rotor.
  • a distributor in the rotor is provided with an upper part 12 having a slight conicity and a lower part 13 having a more pronounced conicity; and the distributor 12-13 partly defines a passage through which liquid introduced by feed pipe 5 is conveyed to a separating chamber 14 of the rotor.
  • Chamber 14 contains a set of conical discs 15 and a conical top disc 16, the upper part of which forms the paring chamber 10. Holes 17 connect the space inside the inner edges of the disc set 15 to the paring chamber 10. An interspace 18 between the top disc 16 and the rotor cover 2 connects the outer part of the separating chamber 14 with paring chamber 11. A clearance 19 around the inlet pipe 5 and axial ports 20 and 21 in the paring discs 8 and 9, respectively, connect a central air space in the distributor part 12 to the surounding atmosphere, more exactly by way of a clearance 22 between the rotor top and the pipe 7.
  • the distributor part 13 is provided with radial entraining vanes 23.
  • An internally conical hollow body 24 with a bottom 25 is' screwed onto the top of the shaft 4.
  • the feed pipe 5 opens so close to this end wall 25 that a continuous thin conical liquid layer 26 is formed from the pipe open,- ing 27 'up to a cylindrical liquid level 28.
  • a part of the outside of the hollow body 24 forms with the inside of the distributor part 12 a conical slot 29 of uniform thickness.
  • An air space 30 is formed inside the level 28.
  • the centrifuge according to the invention is intended especially for the separation of emulsions, and in the following description it is assumed that whole-milk is to be separated.
  • This milk is supplied through the pipe 5, which is kept completely filled with milk.
  • the milk discharging from the pipe opening 27 meets the opposing end wall 25 and is deflected immediately at the pipe opening so that the milk, without air admixture, is spread into a thin layer 26 on the rotating inner surface of the body 24; and a rotary movement is imparted to this layer by friction wtih this inner surface but while allowing sliding of the liquid.
  • air is then separated from the liquid, and this air leaves the air space 30 through the connecting clearances and ports 19 through 22 and reaches the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the layer 26 is shown with the maximum possible extension, i.e., to the top of the hollow body 24.
  • the level 28 In order to avoid air admixture, the level 28 must not be kept radially outside the inside of the body 24.
  • the milk passes on its way to the separating chamber 14 through the narrow slot 29, and its speed of rotation is increased still more by its frictional contact with the inner and outer surfaces of the slot 29. Before the milk reaches the radial vanes 23, it should have obtained essentially the same speed of rotation as the rotor, so that a splitting of the fat globules of the milk is avoided when the milk meets the vanes 23.
  • Cream separated in the disc set 15 flows through the holes 17 into the paring chamber and is discharged by the paring disc 8. In a similar way, skim milk flows from the periphery of the separating chamber 14 through the slot 18 and into the paring chamber 11 and is discharged by the paring disc 9.
  • skim milk which sometimes has even a lower fat content than skim milk obtained from centrifuges provided with an hermetically sealed inlet to the rotor.
  • the rotor forms a locus of centrifugal force including the separating chamber 14 and a feeding zone within the hollow body 24 and the upper part 12 of the distributor.
  • a body of the liquid is continuously rotated about the rotor axis to maintain the liquid body in annular form having the free internal liquid surface 28.
  • Liquid is continuously fed from this annular body to separating chamber 14, by way of slot 29, and is continuously supplied from the stationary source 5 to the feeding zone at its lower and inner region located radially between the rotor axis and the free liquid surface 28.
  • a thin annular layer 26 of the liquid is directed axially of the centrifugal locus and ,7 radiallyuoutward to the free liquid surface 28 byway of the smooth surface of revolution within the hollow member 24, whereby the liquid is brought into rotation gradually, that is, without impacts.
  • the method of feeding the liquid substantially without impacts which comprises maintaining said pipe filledwith'liquid, maintaining a body of the liquid rotating in the rotor about the axis thereof to form a liquid level of said'body substantially concentric to said axis, continuously passing liquid from said body to a separating chamber ofthe rotor, and continuously passing to said liquid level directly from said pipe outlet alayer of liquid flowing axially of the rotor toward said inlet end of the pipe along a smooth surface of revolution of the rotor without overflowing said smooth surface while exposing said liquid layer to a central air space in the rotor.
  • the liquid in passing from said body to the separating chamber flows along an additional smooth surface of revolutiontsur rounding the first-mentioned surface of revolution and rotating therewith.

Landscapes

  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Dairy Products (AREA)
US639203A 1966-05-23 1967-05-17 Method and apparatus for shockless feeding of liquid to the separating chamber of a centrifuge Expired - Lifetime US3468475A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7003/66A SE310866B (en, 2012) 1966-05-23 1966-05-23
BE706905 1967-11-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3468475A true US3468475A (en) 1969-09-23

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ID=25656626

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US639203A Expired - Lifetime US3468475A (en) 1966-05-23 1967-05-17 Method and apparatus for shockless feeding of liquid to the separating chamber of a centrifuge

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3468475A (en, 2012)
BE (2) BE697037A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH451823A (en, 2012)
DK (1) DK119760B (en, 2012)
ES (1) ES339052A1 (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB1173489A (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL6705148A (en, 2012)
NO (1) NO121262B (en, 2012)
YU (1) YU31213B (en, 2012)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4325825A (en) * 1979-04-26 1982-04-20 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Separator
US4634416A (en) * 1983-06-14 1987-01-06 Alfa-Laval Ab Outlet arrangement for a centrifugal separator
US4701158A (en) * 1985-10-30 1987-10-20 Alfa-Laval Separation Ab Centrifugal separator
US4718886A (en) * 1986-02-05 1988-01-12 Westfalia Separator Ag Continuous-operation centrifuge bowl for concentrating suspended solids
US4718887A (en) * 1986-02-12 1988-01-12 Westfalia Separator Ag Centrifugal separator with a vertical axis and a skimmer
US4729759A (en) * 1986-03-12 1988-03-08 Alfa-Laval Separation Ab Centrifugal separator arranged for discharge of a separated product with a predetermined concentration
US4784635A (en) * 1986-04-19 1988-11-15 Westfalia Separator Ag Continuous-operation centrifuge drum for concentrating suspended solids
US4929227A (en) * 1987-10-16 1990-05-29 Westfalia Separator Ag Centrifuge drum for separating mixtures of liquids
US4961723A (en) * 1986-08-16 1990-10-09 Westfalia Separator Ag Centrifuge drum for clarifying or separating centrifugates
US6033356A (en) * 1996-04-02 2000-03-07 Westfalia Separator Ag Centrifugal drum with increased flow resistance
WO2006107192A3 (en) * 2005-04-04 2006-11-23 Rowe Parsons Internat B V Device and method for separation of a fluid and more in particular an emulsion
US20150175439A1 (en) * 2012-07-23 2015-06-25 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh Separator Arrangement
JP2019170327A (ja) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-10 森永乳業株式会社 フレッシュクリームならびにその製造方法および製造装置

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19519693C1 (de) * 1995-05-30 1996-08-22 Westfalia Separator Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Füllen einer selbstentleerenden Schleudertrommel
RU2368428C1 (ru) * 2008-02-29 2009-09-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Оренбургский государственный университет" Способ установки питающих каналов на границе раздела фаз
RU2537863C1 (ru) * 2013-07-04 2015-01-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Пензенская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" Сепаратор-сливкоотделитель

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US239659A (en) * 1881-04-05 Vania
US406746A (en) * 1889-07-09 Christian frederik larsen

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US239659A (en) * 1881-04-05 Vania
US406746A (en) * 1889-07-09 Christian frederik larsen

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4325825A (en) * 1979-04-26 1982-04-20 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Separator
US4634416A (en) * 1983-06-14 1987-01-06 Alfa-Laval Ab Outlet arrangement for a centrifugal separator
US4701158A (en) * 1985-10-30 1987-10-20 Alfa-Laval Separation Ab Centrifugal separator
US4718886A (en) * 1986-02-05 1988-01-12 Westfalia Separator Ag Continuous-operation centrifuge bowl for concentrating suspended solids
US4718887A (en) * 1986-02-12 1988-01-12 Westfalia Separator Ag Centrifugal separator with a vertical axis and a skimmer
US4729759A (en) * 1986-03-12 1988-03-08 Alfa-Laval Separation Ab Centrifugal separator arranged for discharge of a separated product with a predetermined concentration
US4784635A (en) * 1986-04-19 1988-11-15 Westfalia Separator Ag Continuous-operation centrifuge drum for concentrating suspended solids
US4961723A (en) * 1986-08-16 1990-10-09 Westfalia Separator Ag Centrifuge drum for clarifying or separating centrifugates
US4929227A (en) * 1987-10-16 1990-05-29 Westfalia Separator Ag Centrifuge drum for separating mixtures of liquids
US6033356A (en) * 1996-04-02 2000-03-07 Westfalia Separator Ag Centrifugal drum with increased flow resistance
WO2006107192A3 (en) * 2005-04-04 2006-11-23 Rowe Parsons Internat B V Device and method for separation of a fluid and more in particular an emulsion
US20150175439A1 (en) * 2012-07-23 2015-06-25 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh Separator Arrangement
US10029921B2 (en) * 2012-07-23 2018-07-24 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh Method for lowering the pressure inside the hood interior of a separator arrangement
JP2019170327A (ja) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-10 森永乳業株式会社 フレッシュクリームならびにその製造方法および製造装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE697037A (en, 2012) 1967-09-18
NO121262B (en, 2012) 1971-02-01
YU31213B (en) 1973-02-28
DK119760B (da) 1971-02-15
ES339052A1 (es) 1968-04-16
NL6705148A (en, 2012) 1967-11-24
DE1632266A1 (de) 1972-01-05
DE1632266B2 (de) 1972-07-27
BE706905A (en, 2012) 1968-04-01
CH451823A (de) 1968-05-15
GB1173489A (en) 1969-12-10

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