US3467178A - Transformer cooling apparatus - Google Patents

Transformer cooling apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3467178A
US3467178A US604989A US3467178DA US3467178A US 3467178 A US3467178 A US 3467178A US 604989 A US604989 A US 604989A US 3467178D A US3467178D A US 3467178DA US 3467178 A US3467178 A US 3467178A
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Prior art keywords
fluid
motor
conduit
transformer
cooling
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US604989A
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Chester D Ware
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Trane US Inc
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Trane Co
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Assigned to TRANE COMPANY, THE reassignment TRANE COMPANY, THE MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). DELAWARE, EFFECTIVE FEB. 24, 1984 Assignors: A-S CAPITAL INC. A CORP OF DE
Assigned to AMERICAN STANDARD INC., A CORP OF DE reassignment AMERICAN STANDARD INC., A CORP OF DE MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE 12/28/84 DELAWARE Assignors: A-S SALEM INC., A CORP. OF DE (MERGED INTO), TRANE COMPANY, THE
Assigned to TRANE COMPANY THE reassignment TRANE COMPANY THE MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE 12/1/83 WISCONSIN Assignors: A-S CAPITAL INC., A CORP OF DE (CHANGED TO), TRANE COMPANY THE, A CORP OF WI (INTO)
Assigned to A-S CAPITAL INC., A CORP OF DE reassignment A-S CAPITAL INC., A CORP OF DE MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: TRANE COMPANY THE A WI CORP
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
    • H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices
    • F28D2021/0031—Radiators for recooling a coolant of cooling systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D7/082—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration
    • F28D7/085—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration in the form of parallel conduits coupled by bent portions
    • F28D7/087—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration in the form of parallel conduits coupled by bent portions assembled in arrays, each array being arranged in the same plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/1615—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits being inside a casing and extending at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the casing; the conduits crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium
    • F28D7/1623—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits being inside a casing and extending at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the casing; the conduits crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements

Definitions

  • Transformers require a relatively large flow of cooling fluid through the transformer in order to prevent certain areas from reaching an excessive temperature. If all of the cooling fluid is circulated through the heat exchanger, the total cross-sectional flow area of the tubes must be large and the size of the headers must also be large. These requirements make the heat exchanger generally large and expensive.
  • the pump With a construction in which some of the cooling fluid is bypassed around the heat exchanger, the pump operates against a lower head with respect to the bypassed fluid.
  • FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view of a transformer and cooling apparatus connected thereto;
  • FIGURE 2 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 22 of FIGURE 1 with the pump shown in section;
  • FIGURE 3 is a sectional view of a modification of the invention taken substantially on line 22 of FIGURE 1.
  • a transformer 10 has a conduit 12 for conducting cooling fluid to the inlet header 14 of a heat exchanger 16.
  • Heat exchanger tubes 18 conduct cooling fluid from inlet header 14 to outlet header 20.
  • Fins 22 are secured to tubes 16 to increase the heat transfer.
  • a motor 24 drives a fan 26 which moves air through the casing 28 and over the coil 16 to cool the cooling fluid flowing in the coil.
  • a pump 30 is driven by a motor 32.
  • the shaft 33 of the motor 32 extends through the end wall 34 of the motor and into the housing 36 of the pump 30.
  • An impeller 38 is secured on the shaft 33 to rotate therewith.
  • Impeller 3-8 has a first annular passageway 40 with blades therein and a second annular passageway 42 with blades therein. Passageway is in fluid communication with header 20 to receive cooling fluid therefrom and passageway 42 is in fluid communication with conduit 44 which receives cooling fluid from conduit 12.
  • Housing 36 has a volute discharge chamber 46 in which the cooled fluid from header 20 and the bypassed cooling fluid from conduit 44 are partially mixed. Volute chamber 46 is connected to discharge the cooling fluid into a conduit 48 which conducts it to the transformer 10.
  • the motor 32 is cooled with the cooling fluid of the system as will now be described.
  • a conduit 50 is in fluid communication with volute discharge chamber at a location to intercept fluid from passageway 40 which conducts the cooled fluid from the heat exchanger. This cooled fluid flows from conduit 50 into the motor 32 to cool the motor 32. This fluid then passes from the motor to annular passageway 52 in impeller 38 and then through one or more holes 54 to the suction inlet side of' impeller 38.
  • the cooled cooling fluid for motor cooling, it should be understood that a mixture of the cooled cooling fluid and the bypassed cooling fluid could be used and the motor could even be cooled by using all bypassed cooling fluid provided that the motor is designed for high temperature operations.
  • FIGURE 3 it can be seen that the construction is quite similar to that of FIGURES 1 and 2 except that in this case the pump impeller has the passageways in back to back relationship.
  • the pump 56 of FIGURE 3 has a casing 58 and is driven by a motor 60 which has a shaft 62 extending into the pump casing 58 and supporting an impeller 64.
  • Impeller 64 has a first annular passageway 66 with blades therein and a second annular passageway 68 with blades therein.
  • Passageway 66 is in fluid communication with header 20 to receive cooled cooling fluid therefrom, and passageway 68 is in fluid communication with bypass conduit 70 to receive cooling fluid therefrom.
  • Bypass conduit 70 is connected to receive cooling fluid from conduit 12.
  • Pump 56 has a volute discharge chamber 72 which receives fluid from both passageways in impeller 64 and discharges the fluid into conduit 48 for flow to transformer 10.
  • Motor 60 receives cooling fluid from conduit 74 which is connected to volute discharge chamber 72 in the plane of the outlet of passageway 66 in order that the fluid entering conduit 74 may be substantially all cooled cooling fluid. Cooling fluid leaves the motor and enters the pump through opening 76. As explained with reference to FIGURE 2, it is preferred that the fluid conducted to the motor for motor cooling be substantially all cooled cooling fluid, however it is possible to use a mixture of cooled and bypassed cooling fluid or even all bypass fluid under certain conditions.
  • Apparatus for cooling a transformer comprising a first conduit for conducting fluid from and to a transformer in a closed circuit, a heat exchanger in said first conduit, means for forcing a heat exchange fluid over the outside of said heat exchanger to cool said heat exchanger, a second conduit in fluid communication with said first conduit and bypassing said heat exchanger, a pump, a motor for driving said pump, said pump being connected in fluid communication with said first and second conduit to move fluid through said first and second conduits, said pump having a centrifugal impeller with a first passageway in suction fluid communication with said heat exchanger and a second passageway in suction fluid communication with said bypass conduit.
  • Apparatus of claim 1 including a third conduit extending from the discharge side of said centrifugal impeller to said motor for conducting fluid to said motor to cool said motor, means for conducting fluid from said motor to said conduit at a point upstream from the discharge side of said pump.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Description

Sept. 16, 1969 c. D. WARE 3,46YJ 78 TRANSFORMER COOLING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 27, 1966 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. CHESTER D. WARE BY MM 0 W ATTORNEY Sept. 16, 1969 c. D. WARE 3,457,178
TRANSFORMER COOLING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 27, 1966 2. Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG.3
l N VENTOR. CHESTER D- WARE BYM U. W
ATTORNEY United States Patent Office 3,467,178 Patented Sept. 16, 1969 3,467,178 TRANSFORMER COOLING APPARATUS Chester D. Ware, La Crosse, Wis., assignor to The Trane Company, La Crosse, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Filed Dec. 27, 1966, Ser. No. 604,989 Int. Cl. H01f 27/10; F28d /00 US. Cl. 165-107 4 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Transformer cooling apparatus including means for pumping transformer fluid from the transformer and back to the transformer through a circuit containing parallel paths one of which contains a heat exchanger in which heat is transferred to a heat sink such as air by forced convection of air through the heat exchanger.
Transformers require a relatively large flow of cooling fluid through the transformer in order to prevent certain areas from reaching an excessive temperature. If all of the cooling fluid is circulated through the heat exchanger, the total cross-sectional flow area of the tubes must be large and the size of the headers must also be large. These requirements make the heat exchanger generally large and expensive.
It is therefore an object of this invention to provide transformer cooling apparatus having a more eflicient lower cost heat exchanger by passing some of the cooling fluid around the heat exchanger and thus maintaining the flow required in the transformer.
With a construction in which some of the cooling fluid is bypassed around the heat exchanger, the pump operates against a lower head with respect to the bypassed fluid.
It is therefore one of the objects of this invention to provide apparatus which permits the use of a lower cost motor and which also results in lower power requirements.
It is another object of this invention to provide transformer cooling apparatus having a pump for proportioning the flow through the heat exchanger and the flow around the heat exchanger.
It is still another object of the invention to provide in transformer cooling apparatus a simple system in which only the cooled fluid pumped is passed through the motor to cool the same.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the specification proceeds to describe the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIGURE 1 is a side elevational view of a transformer and cooling apparatus connected thereto;
FIGURE 2 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 22 of FIGURE 1 with the pump shown in section;
FIGURE 3 is a sectional view of a modification of the invention taken substantially on line 22 of FIGURE 1.
Referring now to FIGURE 1, a transformer 10 has a conduit 12 for conducting cooling fluid to the inlet header 14 of a heat exchanger 16. Heat exchanger tubes 18 conduct cooling fluid from inlet header 14 to outlet header 20. Fins 22 are secured to tubes 16 to increase the heat transfer.
A motor 24 drives a fan 26 which moves air through the casing 28 and over the coil 16 to cool the cooling fluid flowing in the coil.
A pump 30 is driven by a motor 32. The shaft 33 of the motor 32 extends through the end wall 34 of the motor and into the housing 36 of the pump 30. An impeller 38 is secured on the shaft 33 to rotate therewith.
Impeller 3-8 has a first annular passageway 40 with blades therein and a second annular passageway 42 with blades therein. Passageway is in fluid communication with header 20 to receive cooling fluid therefrom and passageway 42 is in fluid communication with conduit 44 which receives cooling fluid from conduit 12.
Housing 36 has a volute discharge chamber 46 in which the cooled fluid from header 20 and the bypassed cooling fluid from conduit 44 are partially mixed. Volute chamber 46 is connected to discharge the cooling fluid into a conduit 48 which conducts it to the transformer 10.
The motor 32 is cooled with the cooling fluid of the system as will now be described. A conduit 50 is in fluid communication with volute discharge chamber at a location to intercept fluid from passageway 40 which conducts the cooled fluid from the heat exchanger. This cooled fluid flows from conduit 50 into the motor 32 to cool the motor 32. This fluid then passes from the motor to annular passageway 52 in impeller 38 and then through one or more holes 54 to the suction inlet side of' impeller 38. Although it is preferred to use the cooled cooling fluid for motor cooling, it should be understood that a mixture of the cooled cooling fluid and the bypassed cooling fluid could be used and the motor could even be cooled by using all bypassed cooling fluid provided that the motor is designed for high temperature operations.
Referring now to FIGURE 3 it can be seen that the construction is quite similar to that of FIGURES 1 and 2 except that in this case the pump impeller has the passageways in back to back relationship. The pump 56 of FIGURE 3 has a casing 58 and is driven by a motor 60 which has a shaft 62 extending into the pump casing 58 and supporting an impeller 64.
Impeller 64 has a first annular passageway 66 with blades therein and a second annular passageway 68 with blades therein.
Passageway 66 is in fluid communication with header 20 to receive cooled cooling fluid therefrom, and passageway 68 is in fluid communication with bypass conduit 70 to receive cooling fluid therefrom. Bypass conduit 70 is connected to receive cooling fluid from conduit 12.
Pump 56 has a volute discharge chamber 72 which receives fluid from both passageways in impeller 64 and discharges the fluid into conduit 48 for flow to transformer 10.
Motor 60 receives cooling fluid from conduit 74 which is connected to volute discharge chamber 72 in the plane of the outlet of passageway 66 in order that the fluid entering conduit 74 may be substantially all cooled cooling fluid. Cooling fluid leaves the motor and enters the pump through opening 76. As explained with reference to FIGURE 2, it is preferred that the fluid conducted to the motor for motor cooling be substantially all cooled cooling fluid, however it is possible to use a mixture of cooled and bypassed cooling fluid or even all bypass fluid under certain conditions.
While I have described the preferred embodiments of my invention, I contemplate that many changes may be made without departing from the scope or spirit of my invention and I desire to be limited only by the claims.
I claim:
1. Apparatus for cooling a transformer comprising a first conduit for conducting fluid from and to a transformer in a closed circuit, a heat exchanger in said first conduit, means for forcing a heat exchange fluid over the outside of said heat exchanger to cool said heat exchanger, a second conduit in fluid communication with said first conduit and bypassing said heat exchanger, a pump, a motor for driving said pump, said pump being connected in fluid communication with said first and second conduit to move fluid through said first and second conduits, said pump having a centrifugal impeller with a first passageway in suction fluid communication with said heat exchanger and a second passageway in suction fluid communication with said bypass conduit.
2. Apparatus of claim 1 including a third conduit extending from the discharge side of said centrifugal impeller to said motor for conducting fluid to said motor to cool said motor, means for conducting fluid from said motor to said conduit at a point upstream from the discharge side of said pump.
3. Apparatus of claim 2 in which said centrifugal impeller is arranged with said first and second passageways nested one within the other, said passageways in common discharge fluid communication.
4. Apparatus according to claim 2 in which said centrifugal impeller is arranged with said first and second passageways back to back, said passageways in common discharge fluid communication.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Schruder 165-35 Hess et a1. 103-87 X Paluer 165-107 X Peckham et al. 103-103 X Dunn et al. 103-87 X Robins-on 165-108 White 103-87 X White 103-87 X ROBERT A. OLEARY, Primary Examiner THEOPHIL W. STREULE, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.
US604989A 1966-12-27 1966-12-27 Transformer cooling apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3467178A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4232551A (en) * 1979-03-19 1980-11-11 General Electric Company Leak detector for vaporization cooled transformers
US4360849A (en) * 1981-03-04 1982-11-23 Rte-Asea Corporation Power distribution system
WO2013163400A1 (en) 2012-04-25 2013-10-31 Evapco, Inc. Double-walled dry heat exchanger coil with single-walled return bends
EP2841863A4 (en) * 2012-04-25 2016-01-20 Evapco Inc Double-walled dry heat exchanger coil with single-walled return bends

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1973070A (en) * 1930-01-08 1934-09-11 Guy L Hess Pump
US2254917A (en) * 1939-08-23 1941-09-02 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Cooling system for electric devices
US2440556A (en) * 1944-03-08 1948-04-27 Gen Electric Electrical apparatus
US2741990A (en) * 1952-11-26 1956-04-17 Howard T White Motor driven pumps
US3132493A (en) * 1961-10-10 1964-05-12 Trane Co Absorption refrigerating system
US3186513A (en) * 1962-11-09 1965-06-01 James T E Dunn Method and mechanism for lubricating the bearings of a pump rotor and motor combination for pumping an abradant-containing liquid
US3205938A (en) * 1963-05-10 1965-09-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Cooling means for electrical apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1973070A (en) * 1930-01-08 1934-09-11 Guy L Hess Pump
US2254917A (en) * 1939-08-23 1941-09-02 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Cooling system for electric devices
US2440556A (en) * 1944-03-08 1948-04-27 Gen Electric Electrical apparatus
US2741990A (en) * 1952-11-26 1956-04-17 Howard T White Motor driven pumps
US3132493A (en) * 1961-10-10 1964-05-12 Trane Co Absorption refrigerating system
US3186513A (en) * 1962-11-09 1965-06-01 James T E Dunn Method and mechanism for lubricating the bearings of a pump rotor and motor combination for pumping an abradant-containing liquid
US3205938A (en) * 1963-05-10 1965-09-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Cooling means for electrical apparatus

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4232551A (en) * 1979-03-19 1980-11-11 General Electric Company Leak detector for vaporization cooled transformers
US4360849A (en) * 1981-03-04 1982-11-23 Rte-Asea Corporation Power distribution system
WO2013163400A1 (en) 2012-04-25 2013-10-31 Evapco, Inc. Double-walled dry heat exchanger coil with single-walled return bends
EP2841863A4 (en) * 2012-04-25 2016-01-20 Evapco Inc Double-walled dry heat exchanger coil with single-walled return bends
US9945622B2 (en) 2012-04-25 2018-04-17 Evapco, Inc. Double-walled dry heat exchanger coil with single-walled return bends

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