US3465193A - Incandescent lamp containing a getter for binding water vapor - Google Patents

Incandescent lamp containing a getter for binding water vapor Download PDF

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Publication number
US3465193A
US3465193A US667189A US3465193DA US3465193A US 3465193 A US3465193 A US 3465193A US 667189 A US667189 A US 667189A US 3465193D A US3465193D A US 3465193DA US 3465193 A US3465193 A US 3465193A
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United States
Prior art keywords
lamp
getter
incandescent lamp
phosphorus
phosphide
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US667189A
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English (en)
Inventor
Herman Joseph Hendrik Beuvens
Jan Jacob Schuitemaker
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US Philips Corp
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US Philips Corp
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Application filed by US Philips Corp filed Critical US Philips Corp
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Publication of US3465193A publication Critical patent/US3465193A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/52—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H01K1/54—Means for absorbing or absorbing gas, or for preventing or removing efflorescence, e.g. by gettering
    • H01K1/56—Means for absorbing or absorbing gas, or for preventing or removing efflorescence, e.g. by gettering characterised by the material of the getter

Definitions

  • Getters are used either for binding residual gases in order to improve or to maintain the vacuum in the lamp (known materials for this purpose are especially phosphorus and also zirconium and barium), or for binding residual gases adversely affecting the life of the lamp, such as oxygen and water-vapor.
  • Known getter materials for this purpose are zirconium, barium and sodium. These getters can be used both in gas-filled and in exhausted lamps, in the latter case, if desired, in conjunction with phosphorus.
  • Phosphorus is very frequently used in incandescent lamps. It is applied in the form of the red modification in the lamp to an area which, during operation of the lamp, assumes a temperature exceeding the evaporation temperature of red phosphorus. In general, the filament wire is chosen for this purpose.
  • the evaporated phosphorus reacts with residual gases still present in the incandescent lamp, such as oxygen and is deposited on the wall of the bulb in the form of the yellow modification.
  • a yellow lamp bulb which is colored by phosphorus is commercially aesthetically not acceptable. Therefore, it is customary to introduce only such quantity of phosphorus into the lamp that substantially no phosphorus can deposit on the wall of the bulb.
  • the bulb does not, or substantially does not contain any residual gases, such as oxygen, immediately after the evaporation of the red phosphorus, the water-vapor released during the life of the lamp from, for example, the bulb wall is not, or is insufficiently bound.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an incandescent lamp in which, beside containing any other getters for binding residual gases such as oxygen, contains a getter whichnaturally depending upon the quantity used and upon the quantity of water-vapor which is released from the bulb wall during the life of the lamp and which is present at the beginning of this life-is capable of binding water-vapor during the whole life of the lamp.
  • an incandescent lamp which contains as a getter a metal phospide which reacts with water-vapor already at room temperature and which is applied to an area in the lamp at which the temperature does not increase either during the manufacture or during the operation of the lamp 3,465,193 Patented Sept. 2, 1969 to or above a temperature at which the metal phosphide dissociates into metal and phosphorus.
  • Phosphide suitable for this purpose are the phosphides of aluminum, arsenic, barium, beryllium, calcium, lithium, magnesium, sodium and strontium.
  • This method has the same disadvantage as a method in which phosphorus itself is used, i.e., the use of an unduly large amount results in yellow-colored lamps being obtained.
  • phosphides such as copper phosphide are applied which do not react with water at room temperature.
  • the phosphides used in the incandescent lamp according to the invention are preferably the phosphides of aluminum, .arsenic or magnesium. These phosphides react less strongly with water-vapor at room temperature than the other aforesaid phosphides of the alkali and alkaline earth metals, but their reaction is sufficiently rapidly for the intended purpose. It has been found in practice that aluminum phosphide can be most readily manufactured and handled.
  • the metal phosphide reactive with water vapor is introduced into the lamp in the form of grains surrounded by a film of synthetic resin which can be removed thermally without the formation of carbon. These grains are applied to an area which during the exhaustion of the lamp assumes, or is heated, to a temperature such that the film of synthetic resin evaporates completely, if desired, while it is depolymerized. The vapors then developed are evacuated from the lamp. The temperature at which the vapors are removed is naturally not allowed to exceed the temeprature at which the metal phosphide starts dissociating.
  • a synthetic resin suitable for this purpose is polymethylmethacrylate, the evaporation temperature of which is approximately 350 C.
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a mount of an incandescent lamp according to the invention to which a getter is applied, and
  • FIG. 2 is .a sectional view of an incandescent lamp after mount and bulb have been fused together.
  • the mount of FIGURE 1 comprises inter alia a stem tube 1 and a flange 2.
  • the stem tube 1 accommodates an exhaust tube 3 which emerges at the pinch 4.
  • the mount is further provided in the usual manner with a with a filament wire 5 and with current-supply conductors 6 and 7.
  • a small quantity of a metal phosphide suspension consisting, for example, of 20 gms. of aluminum phosphide, mls. of xylene and 8 gms. of polymethacrylate is applied at 8 by means of a brush or by other suitable means.
  • the mount is sealed into a bulb 9 which is exhausted through the exhaust tube 3.
  • the temperature then increases at 8 to approximately 400 C. and the polymethacryate dissociates.
  • a getter of metal phosphide according to the invention results in a life which, in the case of 25 watt exhausted lamps, may be approximately 200 hours longer than that of lamps in which such a getter is not used.
  • a getter consisting of a metal phosphide which reacts with water-vapor at room temperature, said getter being applied to an area in the lamp at which the temperature does not increase during the manufacture and operation of the lamp to a temperature at which the metal phosphide dissociates into metal and phosphorus.
  • a getter for an elecetrie incandescent lamp as claimed in claim 1 consisting of a phosphide of a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, arsenic, and magnesium.

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  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US667189A 1966-09-15 1967-09-12 Incandescent lamp containing a getter for binding water vapor Expired - Lifetime US3465193A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6613009A NL6613009A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-09-15 1966-09-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3465193A true US3465193A (en) 1969-09-02

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US667189A Expired - Lifetime US3465193A (en) 1966-09-15 1967-09-12 Incandescent lamp containing a getter for binding water vapor

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3465193A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT272450B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE703848A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1589261A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES345012A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1130439A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6613009A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO121220B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE314435B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3712701A (en) * 1971-08-27 1973-01-23 British Lighting Ind Ltd Electric incandescent lamps
US3809942A (en) * 1971-06-21 1974-05-07 Philips Corp Closed reflector provided with incandescent lamp
US3898500A (en) * 1970-01-08 1975-08-05 Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd Halogen type filament lamp containing phosphorus and nitrogen
US4415833A (en) * 1981-09-29 1983-11-15 Gte Products Corporation Tungsten halogen lamp with coiled getter
US4727286A (en) * 1981-11-16 1988-02-23 Gte Products Corporation Electric lamp including oxygen getter
EP0206351A3 (en) * 1985-06-27 1989-05-03 Gte Products Corporation Halogen lamp fill mixture which reduces lower operating temperature of halogen cycle

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1249978A (en) * 1913-09-08 1917-12-11 Gen Electric Incandescent lamp.
US1989790A (en) * 1929-11-27 1935-02-05 Westinghouse Lamp Co Getter for incandescent lamps
US2393584A (en) * 1943-05-31 1946-01-29 Gen Electric Protective device
US2491880A (en) * 1943-03-04 1949-12-20 Gen Electric Method of gettering incandescent lamps or discharge tubes

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1249978A (en) * 1913-09-08 1917-12-11 Gen Electric Incandescent lamp.
US1989790A (en) * 1929-11-27 1935-02-05 Westinghouse Lamp Co Getter for incandescent lamps
US2491880A (en) * 1943-03-04 1949-12-20 Gen Electric Method of gettering incandescent lamps or discharge tubes
US2393584A (en) * 1943-05-31 1946-01-29 Gen Electric Protective device

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3898500A (en) * 1970-01-08 1975-08-05 Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd Halogen type filament lamp containing phosphorus and nitrogen
US3809942A (en) * 1971-06-21 1974-05-07 Philips Corp Closed reflector provided with incandescent lamp
US3712701A (en) * 1971-08-27 1973-01-23 British Lighting Ind Ltd Electric incandescent lamps
US4415833A (en) * 1981-09-29 1983-11-15 Gte Products Corporation Tungsten halogen lamp with coiled getter
US4727286A (en) * 1981-11-16 1988-02-23 Gte Products Corporation Electric lamp including oxygen getter
EP0206351A3 (en) * 1985-06-27 1989-05-03 Gte Products Corporation Halogen lamp fill mixture which reduces lower operating temperature of halogen cycle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1589261A1 (de) 1970-03-26
BE703848A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-03-13
NO121220B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-02-01
SE314435B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-09-08
AT272450B (de) 1969-07-10
ES345012A1 (es) 1968-10-16
NL6613009A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1968-03-18
GB1130439A (en) 1968-10-16

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