US3463957A - Arc plasma torch with same liquid cooling means for electrodes - Google Patents

Arc plasma torch with same liquid cooling means for electrodes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3463957A
US3463957A US540750A US3463957DA US3463957A US 3463957 A US3463957 A US 3463957A US 540750 A US540750 A US 540750A US 3463957D A US3463957D A US 3463957DA US 3463957 A US3463957 A US 3463957A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
housing
torch
electrodes
stem
plasma torch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US540750A
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English (en)
Inventor
Edmund Fuksiewicz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Instytut Badan Jadrowych
Original Assignee
Instytut Badan Jadrowych
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PL108328A external-priority patent/PL52185B1/pl
Application filed by Instytut Badan Jadrowych filed Critical Instytut Badan Jadrowych
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3463957A publication Critical patent/US3463957A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3436—Hollow cathodes with internal coolant flow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3442—Cathodes with inserted tip

Definitions

  • My present invention relates to a direct-current-arc plasma torch, a so-called plasmatron, destined especially for cutting various materials, particularly metals, by means of a plasma jet from any gas.
  • hitherto used plasma torches essentially consist of two electrodes, i.e. a cathode and an anode which are fixed in a special body constituting the housing of the torch.
  • the torches operate in such a manner that into the electric arc, produced between the said electrodes, gas is introduced under pressure which under the action of the high temperature of the arc is converted into a plasma jet constituting the cutting agent.
  • the cathode is xed in a special housing which in turn is fastened to an elongate stem.
  • the anode is constituted by a metal nozzle.
  • the component parts of the torch On account of the high temperature of the plasma, the component parts of the torch, especially the cathode together with its holder and the anode, require intensive cooling.
  • the cooling has heretofore been effected by the circulation of a cooling medium by way of outer liquid conduits made of insulating material.
  • Such a cooling system exhibits, however, the disadvantage that it requires special connector pipes for feeding and carrying off the cooling medium which complicates the construction of the torch and its operation.
  • the object of my present invention is to provide a torch of this type which is free from the above-mentioned inconveniences and which affords the required insulation of its electrodes and iluidtightness of its cooling system.
  • This object is realized by the torch according to the invention. It comprises, like known torches, a body in which all the component parts are fixed, more specifically a tubular stem, having a cathode indirectly seice cured thereto through a holder, and a confronting anode in the form of a nozzle.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of the torch, the cooling system being exposed;
  • FIG. 2 is another longitudinal, section showing the way of the gas flow
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are enlarged sectional views showing alternate joints between the cathode holder and the tubular stem.
  • the torch according to the invention has a tubular stern 1 fastened in a generally cylindrical housing 5 by a tight joint including a layer 15 of cast synthetic resin, a replaceable holder 3 for a cathode 14 being axially pressed onto the core 1 by an insulating spacer 11 overlying a ring 9 and a replaceable nozzle 6 which constitutes the anode.
  • the cathode 14 may be supported on an electrode body 3 forming a frustoconical seat for the beveled end of a stem 1'.
  • the holder 3 is received in a cylindrical bottom recess of stem 1 with interposition of an O-ring 17 between the holder and the peripheral well of this recess.
  • the cooling water is supplied to the torch through the stem 1 and flows then through a feed pipe 2 into the generally cup-shaped body 3 serving as a holder for the cathode.
  • the body 3 or 3 is sealed to the stern 1 or 1 by the conical joint of FIG. 3 or by the use of a selftightening rubber O-ring as shown in FIGS. l, 2 and 4.
  • the water flows through the space existing between the pipe 2 and the stem 1 to and through a discharge pipe 4, thereafter through a longitudinal channel 18 in the housing 5, closed by a plug 27, into an outer peripheral groove 25 of nozzle 6 and, after washing around said nozzle, through another longitudinal channel 19 and through a nipple 7 outwardly.
  • the nozzle 6 constituting the anode of the torch is sealed by means of two self-tightening rubber O-rings 20, 21 contacting the inner wall surface of housing 5 above and below the ring space 25.
  • the assembly is completed by a retaining cap 16 engaging a threaded flange 26 of the housing, thus holding the anode structure 6, 9, the spacer 11 and the cathode structure 3, 14 in position.
  • the stem 1 is electrically insulated from the housing 5 by the intervening layer of cast synthetic resin 15.
  • the pipe 4 is made of insulating material.
  • the gas is supplied to the torch through a nipple 10, FIG. 2, mounted like the nipple 7 on the periphery of housing 5, and through another axially extending channel 22 in the housing, whereupon the gas is conveyed to a gas chamber 23 in the ring 9 shaping the flow, this ring having entrance ports 24 which open tangentially onto its inner surface to cause a whirling of said gas which is then introduced into the space existing between the cathode holder 3 and the nozzle 6.
  • the gas may also be introduced axially if the entrance ports are inclined in relation to the axis of the torch.
  • the torch is placed in operation upon ignition of the electric arc between the electrodes 6, 14 which generally takes place after actuation of thhe systems for supplying the cooling medium and the gas.
  • a plasma torch comprising a generally cylindrical unitary housing formed in its peripheral wall with axially extending channels for the circulation of a cooling fluid; a tubular stem extending axially into said housing from one end thereof; means including a layer of nonconductive material between said housing and said stem for securing said stem to said housing in electrically insulated relationship therewith; a cathode structure having a generally cup-shaped body in fluidtight contact with said stem in said housing; a feeding tube disposed in said stem with annular clearance and extending yinto said body for admitting into same a stream of cooling uid introduced into said stem; an anode structure including a nozzle-shaped electrode disposed in said housing at the other end thereof and confronting said cathode structure, said anode structure further including a guide ring spacedly surrounding said cathode structure to form a gas chamber therewith; an insulating spacer interposed between said guide ring and said cathode structure; retaining means at said other end of said housing for holding said ano
  • conduit means includes a further axial channel in the peripheral wall of said housing.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
US540750A 1965-04-09 1966-04-06 Arc plasma torch with same liquid cooling means for electrodes Expired - Lifetime US3463957A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL108328A PL52185B1 (is") 1965-04-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3463957A true US3463957A (en) 1969-08-26

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US540750A Expired - Lifetime US3463957A (en) 1965-04-09 1966-04-06 Arc plasma torch with same liquid cooling means for electrodes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3463957A (is")
BE (1) BE679280A (is")
DE (1) DE1256816B (is")
GB (1) GB1139092A (is")
NL (1) NL6604711A (is")
NO (1) NO119341B (is")
SE (1) SE336729B (is")

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4024373A (en) * 1974-06-20 1977-05-17 David Grigorievich Bykhovsky Apparatus for plasma working of electrically-conductive materials and method of operating same
US4129772A (en) * 1976-10-12 1978-12-12 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Electrode structures for high energy high temperature plasmas
DE3401777A1 (de) * 1983-01-21 1984-07-26 Plasma Energy Corp., Raleigh, N.C. Plasmagenerator und verfahren zum betreiben desselben
DE3642375A1 (de) * 1986-12-11 1988-06-23 Castolin Sa Verfahren zur aufbringung einer innenbeschichtung in rohre od. dgl. hohlraeume engen querschnittes sowie plasmaspritzbrenner dafuer
DE3840485A1 (de) * 1988-12-01 1990-06-07 Mannesmann Ag Fluessigkeitsgekuehlter plasmabrenner mit uebertragenem lichtbogen
DE4022111A1 (de) * 1990-07-11 1992-01-23 Krupp Gmbh Plasmabrenner fuer uebertragenen lichtbogen
DE4034731A1 (de) * 1990-10-30 1992-05-07 Mannesmann Ag Plasmabrenner zum schmelzen und warmhalten von in gefaessen zu behandelnden materialien
US5208441A (en) * 1991-04-29 1993-05-04 Century Manufacturing Co. Plasma arc ignition system
DE4228064A1 (de) * 1992-08-24 1994-03-03 Plasma Technik Ag Plasmaspritzgerät
AT404913B (de) * 1992-06-18 1999-03-25 Rodasky Etablissement Elektrode für einen brenner zum plasmaschneiden und brenner, der diese elektrode verwendet
WO2001043155A1 (en) * 1999-12-07 2001-06-14 Trusi Technologies, Llc Hollow electrode for plasma generation
US6621199B1 (en) * 2000-01-21 2003-09-16 Vortek Industries Ltd. High intensity electromagnetic radiation apparatus and method
US20050179354A1 (en) * 2004-02-12 2005-08-18 Camm David M. High-intensity electromagnetic radiation apparatus and methods
EP1154678A4 (en) * 1999-12-13 2006-08-30 Nippon Steel Corp PLASMA HEATING ANODE OF TRANSFER TYPE
US20130240499A1 (en) * 2012-03-15 2013-09-19 Holma Ag Plasma electrode for a plasma cutting device
US9095037B2 (en) 2010-02-04 2015-07-28 Holma Ag Nozzle for a liquid-cooled plasma cutting torch with grooves
WO2017180553A1 (en) * 2016-04-11 2017-10-19 Hypertherm, Inc. Plasma arc cutting system, including nozzles and other consumables, and related operational methods
CZ308703B6 (cs) * 2020-02-05 2021-03-03 B&Bartoni, spol. s r.o. Sestava elektrody pro plazmový obloukový hořák se zlepšeným přenosem elektrického proudu
EP3917289A1 (en) * 2020-05-28 2021-12-01 The ESAB Group, Inc. Consumables for cutting torches

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012040998A1 (zh) * 2010-09-28 2012-04-05 Zhou Kaigen 电弧等离子体喷枪及应用方法
CN103458602A (zh) * 2013-09-05 2013-12-18 南京理工大学 电极水冷一体化的超音速等离子体喷枪

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2960594A (en) * 1958-06-30 1960-11-15 Plasma Flame Corp Plasma flame generator
US3116405A (en) * 1961-03-23 1963-12-31 Thermal Dynamics Corp Electric arc torches
US3198932A (en) * 1962-03-30 1965-08-03 Union Carbide Corp Arc electrode
US3294953A (en) * 1963-12-19 1966-12-27 Air Reduction Plasma torch electrode and assembly
US3309492A (en) * 1963-12-30 1967-03-14 Lockheed Aircraft Corp High ampere machine welding torch
US3375392A (en) * 1964-03-07 1968-03-26 Brzozowski Wojciech Plasma generator utilizing a ribbonshaped stream of gas

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2960594A (en) * 1958-06-30 1960-11-15 Plasma Flame Corp Plasma flame generator
US3116405A (en) * 1961-03-23 1963-12-31 Thermal Dynamics Corp Electric arc torches
US3198932A (en) * 1962-03-30 1965-08-03 Union Carbide Corp Arc electrode
US3294953A (en) * 1963-12-19 1966-12-27 Air Reduction Plasma torch electrode and assembly
US3309492A (en) * 1963-12-30 1967-03-14 Lockheed Aircraft Corp High ampere machine welding torch
US3375392A (en) * 1964-03-07 1968-03-26 Brzozowski Wojciech Plasma generator utilizing a ribbonshaped stream of gas

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4024373A (en) * 1974-06-20 1977-05-17 David Grigorievich Bykhovsky Apparatus for plasma working of electrically-conductive materials and method of operating same
US4129772A (en) * 1976-10-12 1978-12-12 Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation Electrode structures for high energy high temperature plasmas
DE3401777A1 (de) * 1983-01-21 1984-07-26 Plasma Energy Corp., Raleigh, N.C. Plasmagenerator und verfahren zum betreiben desselben
DE3642375A1 (de) * 1986-12-11 1988-06-23 Castolin Sa Verfahren zur aufbringung einer innenbeschichtung in rohre od. dgl. hohlraeume engen querschnittes sowie plasmaspritzbrenner dafuer
DE3840485A1 (de) * 1988-12-01 1990-06-07 Mannesmann Ag Fluessigkeitsgekuehlter plasmabrenner mit uebertragenem lichtbogen
DE4022111A1 (de) * 1990-07-11 1992-01-23 Krupp Gmbh Plasmabrenner fuer uebertragenen lichtbogen
US5206481A (en) * 1990-07-11 1993-04-27 Fried. Krupp Gesellschaft Mit Beschrankter Haftung Plasma burner for transferred electric arc
DE4034731A1 (de) * 1990-10-30 1992-05-07 Mannesmann Ag Plasmabrenner zum schmelzen und warmhalten von in gefaessen zu behandelnden materialien
US5208441A (en) * 1991-04-29 1993-05-04 Century Manufacturing Co. Plasma arc ignition system
AT404913B (de) * 1992-06-18 1999-03-25 Rodasky Etablissement Elektrode für einen brenner zum plasmaschneiden und brenner, der diese elektrode verwendet
DE4228064A1 (de) * 1992-08-24 1994-03-03 Plasma Technik Ag Plasmaspritzgerät
WO2001043155A1 (en) * 1999-12-07 2001-06-14 Trusi Technologies, Llc Hollow electrode for plasma generation
EP1154678A4 (en) * 1999-12-13 2006-08-30 Nippon Steel Corp PLASMA HEATING ANODE OF TRANSFER TYPE
US6621199B1 (en) * 2000-01-21 2003-09-16 Vortek Industries Ltd. High intensity electromagnetic radiation apparatus and method
US20050179354A1 (en) * 2004-02-12 2005-08-18 Camm David M. High-intensity electromagnetic radiation apparatus and methods
US7781947B2 (en) 2004-02-12 2010-08-24 Mattson Technology Canada, Inc. Apparatus and methods for producing electromagnetic radiation
US20100276611A1 (en) * 2004-02-12 2010-11-04 Mattson Technology Canada, Inc. High-intensity electromagnetic radiation apparatus and methods
US8384274B2 (en) 2004-02-12 2013-02-26 Mattson Technology, Inc. High-intensity electromagnetic radiation apparatus and methods
US9095037B2 (en) 2010-02-04 2015-07-28 Holma Ag Nozzle for a liquid-cooled plasma cutting torch with grooves
US20130240499A1 (en) * 2012-03-15 2013-09-19 Holma Ag Plasma electrode for a plasma cutting device
US9114475B2 (en) * 2012-03-15 2015-08-25 Holma Ag Plasma electrode for a plasma cutting device
WO2017180553A1 (en) * 2016-04-11 2017-10-19 Hypertherm, Inc. Plasma arc cutting system, including nozzles and other consumables, and related operational methods
US10681799B2 (en) 2016-04-11 2020-06-09 Hypertherm, Inc. Plasma arc cutting system, including nozzles and other consumables, and related operational methods
EP4294133A3 (en) * 2016-04-11 2024-03-27 Hypertherm, Inc. Plasma arc cutting system, including nozzles and other consumables, and related operational methods
CZ308703B6 (cs) * 2020-02-05 2021-03-03 B&Bartoni, spol. s r.o. Sestava elektrody pro plazmový obloukový hořák se zlepšeným přenosem elektrického proudu
EP3917289A1 (en) * 2020-05-28 2021-12-01 The ESAB Group, Inc. Consumables for cutting torches
CN113732463A (zh) * 2020-05-28 2021-12-03 依赛彼集团公司 用于割炬的耗材
CN113732463B (zh) * 2020-05-28 2024-03-26 依赛彼集团公司 用于割炬的耗材
US11974384B2 (en) 2020-05-28 2024-04-30 The Esab Group Inc. Consumables for cutting torches

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1139092A (en) 1969-01-08
BE679280A (is") 1966-09-16
NL6604711A (is") 1966-10-10
DE1256816B (de) 1967-12-21
NO119341B (is") 1970-05-04
SE336729B (is") 1971-07-12

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