US3457439A - Device for the cooling of rotating electrical machines of completely closed design - Google Patents

Device for the cooling of rotating electrical machines of completely closed design Download PDF

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Publication number
US3457439A
US3457439A US619412A US3457439DA US3457439A US 3457439 A US3457439 A US 3457439A US 619412 A US619412 A US 619412A US 3457439D A US3457439D A US 3457439DA US 3457439 A US3457439 A US 3457439A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cooling
machines
electrical machines
completely closed
sectors
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Expired - Lifetime
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US619412A
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English (en)
Inventor
Tibor Gering
Gyorgy Kloiber
Zoltan Lengyel
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Ganz Villamossagi Muevek
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Ganz Villamossagi Muevek
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/14—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating wherein gaseous cooling medium circulates between the machine casing and a surrounding mantle
    • H02K9/18—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating wherein gaseous cooling medium circulates between the machine casing and a surrounding mantle wherein the external part of the closed circuit comprises a heat exchanger structurally associated with the machine casing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to solutions for the problem of cooling electrical machines of completely closed design.
  • the coolant is in direct contact with the part of the machine to be cooled, i.e. a cooling can be efiected only if a heat exchanger is provided.
  • direct cooling is generally worthwhile only in the case of machines having a very high output or in the case of machines intended for special purposes, owing to the fact that it is extremely costly, the use of direct cooling is also advantageous with closed-type machines of average or high capacity since in the case of the latter machines the active parts thereof (the iron elements and the winding) may be of a design which is very similar to those in machines of conventional open type.
  • the invention relates to a system for the cooling of this kind of completely closed electrical machines, wherein the coolant heated by the electric-energy losses of the machine is re-cooled in a heat exchanger extending along the periphery of the machine.
  • two species are known, i.e. those involving unidirectional inner cooling and those having split internal circulation.
  • the entire quantity of inner coolant flows in the longitudinal direction over all the cross-sections of the heat exchanger, whereas in machines with split inner circulation of aeration the direction of flow is opposite in the two halves of the heat exchanger and only half of the complete quantity of coolant flows in each case over one crosssection of the heat exchanger.
  • the essence of the invention is the utilisation of guide plates of special design in two end compartments or chambers of the closed electrical machine, by means of which the flow of the coolant is directed on both sides in the "ice active parts of the machine, flowing unidirectionally along the periphery of the heat exchanger which is divided into sectors the flows in alternate sectors passing in opposite directions.
  • the main advantage of the system according to the invention consists in that the two ends of the laminated stator core and the coil-winding heads receive re-cooled coolant directly from the heat exchanger, so that the cooling of the active parts becomes much more uniform and much more effective than in machines of the uniflow type wherein only the coil winding heads on one side and only one end of the laminated stator core are supplied with fresh coolant.
  • the cooling of the coil-winding heads is also improved in consequence of the fact that the cooling agent is blown onto the coil-Winding heads by the fans disposed beneath these heads.
  • the axial extent of the machine is considerably shortened by reason of the fact that the space otherwise required for the inner fan is no longer needed as the fans can be disposed below the stator winding heads. It is true that this arrangement decreases the diameter of the fans, but in the case of high-capacity machines of large diameter this diminution is relatively small and it is amply compensated by the fact that instead of one fan, as in the case of machines having unidirectional circulation, two fans are provided.
  • a further advantage of the design according to the invention, as compared with unidirectional internal circulation is that, since only half the quantity of cooling agent enters the active part of the machine from one side, it becomes possible to construct machines with a substantially longer lamianted stator core and a substantially smaller diameter so that the ratio of specific weight to unit capacity becomes more advantageous.
  • the advantage of the arrangement according to the invention shows itself in the fact that the complete quantity of inner cooling agent flows through the entire heat exchanger, whereby it becomes possible to achieve higher flow velocities and better thermal transmission conditions than would be possible with bilateral circulation.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-section through a machine manufactured in accordance with the teachings of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial longitudinal section taken on the line 11-11 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a section similar to that of FIG. 2, taken on the line IIIIII of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail in the area IV of FIG. 2.
  • the outer cooling agent flows via a fan a into a heat exchanger b, and, after traversing the latter, leaves the machine.
  • the outer coolant is not air but a liquid.
  • the circuit of the inner cooling agent is as follows:
  • a part of the cooling agent combines, after flowing through slots 0 in the rotor and d in the stator, with the cooling agent of the coil-winding heads and is re-cooled after flowing through the heat exchanger.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show clearly the flow directions of the inner coolant, which are mutually opposite to each other in adjoining sectors x and y.
  • the flow in opposite directions in the juxtaposed sectors of the heat exchanger is established by deflecting plates e and 2" best seen in FIG. 4.
  • the cylindrical housing 10 of the machine forms a pair of AND compartments 11, 12 which communicates with the axially extending ducts 13 of heat exchanger b whereby the primary'cooling fluid f aspirated into compartment 11 by thetan a, axially traverses the dots 13 before escaping, from the housing via compartment 12.
  • the aforementioned sectors x and y are formed by radial partitions 14 and communicate with a central chamber 15', 15, 15" of the housing, accommodating the stator 16 and the rotor 17, via generally radial passages 17', 18 and 17", 18 respectively formed by the deflect- .ing plates e and e". As shown in FIG.
  • passages 17 connect the right-hand ends of alternate sectors x with a space 15 of the central chamber adjacent its end wall 19' while the passages 18" connect the left-hand ends of these sectors with the intermediate portion 15 of this chamber containing the stator and rotor members 16, 17; conversely as illustrated in FIG. 3, passages 18' lead from this intermediate region 15 to the right-hand ends of the intervening sectors y while the passages 17" connect the left-hand ends of the latter compartments with a space 15" of the central chamber adjacent its other end wall 19".
  • fan blades 2-0, 20 carried on its opposite ends circulate the secondary cooling fluid f in a closed path between chamber 15', 15, 15" and the sectors x, y of the heat exchanger 11, this path extending from the radial rotor and stator slots 0, d, through passages 18 via sectors x and passages 17 back to the central region 15 of the housing and thence via passages 18 (FIG. 3), sectors y and passages 17 back toward the same central region.
  • FIG. 3 shows one of the passages 17, formed by plate e, on a larger scale, together with an adjoining outlet port x of one of the heatexchanger sectors x; the corresponding inlet port registers at the same time with an identically shaped passage 18 (FIG. 2 )of plate e".
  • a heat exchanger comprising an annular array of aX- ially extending ducts disposed adjacent the inner wall surface of said housing, said array having radial partition means peripherally subdividing same into a plurality of sectors, said housing being providedwith a pair of end compartments communicating with said ducts at opposite ends of the array, said rotor and stator being disposed in a central chamber between said end compartments;
  • first circulating means for passing primary cooling-fluid from one of said end compartments through said ducts to the other end compartment;
  • second circulating means in said central chamber for moving a secondary cooling fluid past said rotor and stator and radially outwardly into contact with said ducts along a closed circulation path;
  • bafile means in said closed circulation path for guiding said secondary cooling fluid in opposite axial directions in adjacent sectors of said array.
  • baffie means comprises a pair of deflecting plates respectively disposed adjacent said end compartments, each of said plates defining a set of generally outwardly directed passages connecting said central chamber with alternate sectors of said array, the sets of passages formed by said plates being relatively staggered by the width of a sector.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
US619412A 1966-03-08 1967-02-28 Device for the cooling of rotating electrical machines of completely closed design Expired - Lifetime US3457439A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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HUGE000587 1966-03-08

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US3457439A true US3457439A (en) 1969-07-22

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US (1) US3457439A (en:Method)
BE (1) BE695048A (en:Method)
CH (1) CH458514A (en:Method)
CS (1) CS155524B1 (en:Method)
FR (1) FR1513181A (en:Method)
NL (1) NL6702954A (en:Method)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4304296A (en) * 1979-04-09 1981-12-08 Ingersoll-Rand Co. Body assembly for a fluid cooler
WO1981003585A1 (en) * 1980-05-30 1981-12-10 Kh Polt I Im V I Lenina Electric machine with superconducting inductor and with gascooled windings of normal conductivity
US4426592A (en) 1982-01-18 1984-01-17 Berzin Evgeny K Electrical machine with superconducting inductor and gas cooling of normal-conductivity windings
DE4333094A1 (de) * 1993-09-29 1995-03-30 Abb Management Ag Erregerstromleitung im Rotor einer elektrischen Maschine
EP1009090A1 (en) * 1998-12-10 2000-06-14 GENERAL ELECTRIC CANADA, Inc. Spark suppresion of induction type rotors
US20040070291A1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-15 Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation Dynamoelectric machine with arcuate heat exchanger and related methods
RU2309512C1 (ru) * 2006-05-02 2007-10-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Силовые машины-ЗТЛ, ЛМЗ, Электросила, Энергомашэкспорт" (ОАО "Силовые машины") Способ охлаждения электрической машины и электрическая машина
CN101764468A (zh) * 2010-03-04 2010-06-30 东元总合科技（杭州）有限公司 密闭式永磁同步电动机
CN101938191A (zh) * 2010-03-01 2011-01-05 邓悌康 一种干潜两用电动机系统
EP2975742A1 (de) * 2014-07-14 2016-01-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische Maschine mit verbesserter Kühlung
DE102016200423A1 (de) * 2016-01-15 2017-07-20 Continental Automotive Gmbh Elektrische Maschine
EP3709484A1 (de) * 2019-03-14 2020-09-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gekapselte elektrische maschine mit äusserem flüssigkeitskühlkreislauf
US20200295617A1 (en) * 2017-12-04 2020-09-17 Mahle International Gmbh Electric machine, in particular for a vehicle
RU2782235C1 (ru) * 2019-03-14 2022-10-25 Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт Инкапсулированная электрическая машина с жидкостным внешним охлаждающим контуром
US11777352B2 (en) * 2017-05-19 2023-10-03 Mahle Internationl GmbH Electrical machine
US12261495B2 (en) 2017-12-04 2025-03-25 Mahle International Gmbh Electrical machine, in particular for a vehicle

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2683227A (en) * 1952-05-16 1954-07-06 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Electrical apparatus with fluid cooled terminal bushing

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2683227A (en) * 1952-05-16 1954-07-06 Allis Chalmers Mfg Co Electrical apparatus with fluid cooled terminal bushing

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4304296A (en) * 1979-04-09 1981-12-08 Ingersoll-Rand Co. Body assembly for a fluid cooler
WO1981003585A1 (en) * 1980-05-30 1981-12-10 Kh Polt I Im V I Lenina Electric machine with superconducting inductor and with gascooled windings of normal conductivity
US4426592A (en) 1982-01-18 1984-01-17 Berzin Evgeny K Electrical machine with superconducting inductor and gas cooling of normal-conductivity windings
DE4333094A1 (de) * 1993-09-29 1995-03-30 Abb Management Ag Erregerstromleitung im Rotor einer elektrischen Maschine
EP1009090A1 (en) * 1998-12-10 2000-06-14 GENERAL ELECTRIC CANADA, Inc. Spark suppresion of induction type rotors
US20040070291A1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-15 Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation Dynamoelectric machine with arcuate heat exchanger and related methods
US7247959B2 (en) * 2002-10-11 2007-07-24 Siemens Power Generation, Inc. Dynamoelectric machine with arcuate heat exchanger and related methods
RU2309512C1 (ru) * 2006-05-02 2007-10-27 Открытое акционерное общество "Силовые машины-ЗТЛ, ЛМЗ, Электросила, Энергомашэкспорт" (ОАО "Силовые машины") Способ охлаждения электрической машины и электрическая машина
CN101938191A (zh) * 2010-03-01 2011-01-05 邓悌康 一种干潜两用电动机系统
CN101938191B (zh) * 2010-03-01 2012-11-07 邓悌康 一种干潜两用电动机系统
CN101764468A (zh) * 2010-03-04 2010-06-30 东元总合科技（杭州）有限公司 密闭式永磁同步电动机
CN101764468B (zh) * 2010-03-04 2012-05-09 东元总合科技（杭州）有限公司 密闭式永磁同步电动机
CN106489228A (zh) * 2014-07-14 2017-03-08 西门子公司 具有改善的冷却的电机
RU2643791C1 (ru) * 2014-07-14 2018-02-06 Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт Электрическая машина с улучшенным охлаждением
EP2975742A1 (de) * 2014-07-14 2016-01-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische Maschine mit verbesserter Kühlung
US20170163125A1 (en) * 2014-07-14 2017-06-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electric machine with improved cooling
WO2016008709A1 (de) * 2014-07-14 2016-01-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische maschine mit verbesserter kühlung
US9806586B2 (en) * 2014-07-14 2017-10-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Electric machine with improved cooling
CN108432093A (zh) * 2016-01-15 2018-08-21 大陆汽车有限公司 电动机器
CN108432093B (zh) * 2016-01-15 2020-01-31 大陆汽车有限公司 电动机器
DE102016200423A1 (de) * 2016-01-15 2017-07-20 Continental Automotive Gmbh Elektrische Maschine
US11018539B2 (en) 2016-01-15 2021-05-25 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Electric machine with helical cooling channels
US11777352B2 (en) * 2017-05-19 2023-10-03 Mahle Internationl GmbH Electrical machine
US20200295617A1 (en) * 2017-12-04 2020-09-17 Mahle International Gmbh Electric machine, in particular for a vehicle
US12261495B2 (en) 2017-12-04 2025-03-25 Mahle International Gmbh Electrical machine, in particular for a vehicle
US11984781B2 (en) * 2017-12-04 2024-05-14 Mahle International Gmbh Electric machine, in particular for a vehicle
EP3709484A1 (de) * 2019-03-14 2020-09-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gekapselte elektrische maschine mit äusserem flüssigkeitskühlkreislauf
RU2782235C1 (ru) * 2019-03-14 2022-10-25 Сименс Акциенгезелльшафт Инкапсулированная электрическая машина с жидкостным внешним охлаждающим контуром
CN113574777A (zh) * 2019-03-14 2021-10-29 西门子股份公司 具有外部流体冷却回路的封装电机
WO2020182415A1 (de) 2019-03-14 2020-09-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft GEKAPSELTE ELEKTRISCHE MASCHINE MIT ÄUßEREM FLÜSSIGKEITSKÜHLKREISLAUF
US12348109B2 (en) 2019-03-14 2025-07-01 Innomotics Gmbh Enclosed electric machine with external liquid cooling circuit and air cooling circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6702954A (en:Method) 1967-09-11
BE695048A (en:Method) 1967-08-14
CH458514A (de) 1968-06-30
CS155524B1 (en:Method) 1974-05-30
FR1513181A (fr) 1968-02-09

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