US3455810A - Fastening means for an electrode in a so-called horizontal electrolytic cell - Google Patents

Fastening means for an electrode in a so-called horizontal electrolytic cell Download PDF

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Publication number
US3455810A
US3455810A US522437A US3455810DA US3455810A US 3455810 A US3455810 A US 3455810A US 522437 A US522437 A US 522437A US 3455810D A US3455810D A US 3455810DA US 3455810 A US3455810 A US 3455810A
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United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
suspension
rod
anode
suspension rod
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Expired - Lifetime
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US522437A
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English (en)
Inventor
Per Tore Holm
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Uddeholms AB
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Uddeholms AB
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrolytic cell, and more particularly to fastening means for an electrode in a socalled horizontal electrolytic cell, which means a cell in which the active surfaces of the electrodes are horizontally situated.
  • a socalled horizontal electrolytic cell which means a cell in which the active surfaces of the electrodes are horizontally situated.
  • the invention relates to cells for the electrolysis of a sodium chloride solution, in which the upper electrode, the anode, consists of a graphite plate, and the lower electrode, the cathode, consists of mercury flowing on the bottom of the cell.
  • the following specification is concerned with such a mercury cell, but the invention is useful also for other horizontal cells.
  • the anode In a horizontal cell containing flowing mercury it is important that the anode is situated exactly horizontally, i.e. parallel with the surface of the mercury, and exactly on the desired distance from the surface of the mercury. This can be achieved by supporting the anode on the bottom of the cell by means of insulating spacers. Such spacers, however, disturb the flow of the mercury and also collect impurities, involving a risk for a short circuit between anode and cathode. Therefore, it is preferred to suspend the anode in the cell.
  • a medium size plant for the electrolysis of a sodium chloride solution contains approximately 15,000 anode plates under operation, and it is therefore easily understood that said factors have a large economic importance.
  • the electrolytic cell of the invention comprises a lower electrode having a substantially horizontal upper surface, an upper electrode having a substantially horizontal lower surface, an electrode vessel having a lid above said upper electrode, a suspension rod extending through an opening in said lid and having its lower end fastened to said upper electrode, an elastic seal ring to close the space between said lid and said suspension rod, suspension means engaging said suspension rod and resiliently supporting on said elastic seal ring, set screws for adjusting the position of said suspension means, against the resilience of said elastic seal ring, and means in said suspension means for vertically moving said suspension rod.
  • the suspension means comprise a base resiliently supporting on said elastic seal ring, and above said base a support for a vertical screw-threaded rod the lower end of which carries said suspension rod, said support carrying a rotatable nut for raising and lowering said screw-threaded rod.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a vertical cross-section of a device of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the device of FIG. 1 in a perspective view.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of the plate of the suspension means, having three screws.
  • the electrolytic cell illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 contains an electrode vessel having a bottom 18, a lid 13, and side walls which are not illustrated.
  • the electrode vessel contains a known graphite anode 1.
  • the anode may consist of titanium or another suitable material.
  • the width of the anode is illustrated in the figure, and the length of the anode is usually three or four times the width.
  • the upper portion of the anode has an opening in which a cylindrical graphite rod 2 is fastened by means of screw threads.
  • the rod 2 will be referred to hereinbelow as suspension rod, as it carries the anode 1.
  • the suspension rod extends vertically through an opening in the lid 13.
  • a layer of ebonite covers the lower side of the lid 13, and extends around the edge of the opening to form an annular member 14 which prevents an electric contact between the suspension rod and the lid.
  • the wall 3 of the suspension rod is exactly perpendicular to the bottom surface 4 of the anode.
  • a bolt 5 is screwed into an opening in the upper portion of the suspension rod.
  • a copper plate 7 is fastened between the head 6 of the bolt and the suspension rod 2, to supply electric power to the anode. The copper plate also prevents the suspension rod from rotating around its axis.
  • the head 6 of the bolt 5 shall be comparatively large, so as to press the copper plate 7 hard against the entire upper surface of the suspension rod 2, for reducing the electric resistance.
  • the electric resistance is further reduced by the fact that part of the current flows from the copper plate 7 through the portions 6 and 5 of the bolt and into the suspension rod 2.
  • a screw-threaded rod 8 is fastened by welding to be co-axial with the bolt 5.
  • Said rod 8 supports a not 9 having a circumferential groove 10 engaging the edge of an opening in a supporting arm 11.
  • the ends of the supporting arm 11 are fastened to a substantially horizontal plate 12.
  • Said plate 12 supports on an O-ring 15 being situated in a recessed portion of the insulating ring 14.
  • the O- ring 15 constitutes seal means between the lid 13 and the rod 2, and the plate 12 constitutes a gland for said O- ring.
  • mercury flows in a thin layer on the bottom 18 of the cell, and is connected as cathode to a direct current source.
  • the graphite electrode 1 is the anode.
  • a sodium chloride solution is fed to flow in the space between the anode and the cathode. Chlorine is formed on the anode surface, and the sodium formed on the cathode surface reacts with the mercury surface.
  • the anode surface 4 is adjusted to be parallel with the mercury surface in the following way.
  • a level is placed on the cylindrical wall 3 of the suspension rod 2, and the nuts 17 are adjusted to make the rod 2 absolutely vertical, resulting in the lower anode surface 4 being absolutely horizontal.
  • the anode is now lowered by the nut 9 being rotated, until the anode comes into contact with the mercury on the bottom of the cell. This is checked in a known way by measuring the current or the voltage of the cell. Now the nut 9 is rotated until the anode has been lifted into the desired position.
  • both screws 16 with their nuts 17 are situated in the longitudinal direction of the anode, since the adjustment is most important in this direction.
  • An adjustment in the transverse direction of the anode can be made if the plate is made with three adjusting nuts, for instance as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • An electrolytic cell comprising a lower electrode having a substantially horizontal upper surface
  • an upper electrode having a substantially horizontal lower surface, said upper electrode being formed of graphite
  • suspension means engaging said suspension rod and resiliently supported on said elastic ring, said suspension means comprises a base resiliently supported on said elastic seal ring and, above said base, a support for a vertical screw-threaded rod, said screw-threaded rod carrying at its lower end said suspension rod, said support also carrying a rotatable nut for raising and lowering said screw-threaded rod;
  • An electrolytic cell comprising a lower electrode having a substantially horizontal upper surface
  • suspension means engaging said suspension rod and resiliently supported on said elastic seal ring, said suspension means comprising a base resiliently supported on said elastic seal ring, and above said base 4 a support for a vertical screw-threaded rod the lower end of which carries said suspension rod, said support also carrying a rotatable nut for raising and lowering said screw-threaded rod;
  • An electrolytic cell comprising a lower electrode having a substantially horizontal upper surface
  • suspension means engaging said suspension rod and resiliently supported on said elastic seal ring, said suspension means comprising a base resiliently supported on said elastic seal ring, and above said base a support for a vertical screw-threaded rod the lower end of which carries said suspension rod, said support also carrying a rotatable nut for raising and lowering said screw-threaded rod;

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
US522437A 1965-02-04 1966-01-24 Fastening means for an electrode in a so-called horizontal electrolytic cell Expired - Lifetime US3455810A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1447/65A SE307568B (xx) 1965-02-04 1965-02-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3455810A true US3455810A (en) 1969-07-15

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US522437A Expired - Lifetime US3455810A (en) 1965-02-04 1966-01-24 Fastening means for an electrode in a so-called horizontal electrolytic cell

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US3455810A (xx)
BE (1) BE676012A (xx)
DE (1) DE1571715A1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1130827A (xx)
NL (1) NL6601403A (xx)
NO (1) NO115575B (xx)
SE (1) SE307568B (xx)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3511766A (en) * 1967-10-02 1970-05-12 Dow Chemical Co Current lead-in pin
US3676325A (en) * 1969-06-27 1972-07-11 Ici Ltd Anode assembly for electrolytic cells
US3941674A (en) * 1974-05-31 1976-03-02 Monroe Belgium N.V. Plating rack
US4072595A (en) * 1977-03-07 1978-02-07 Olin Corporation Anode seal assembly for electrolytic cells
EP0017188A1 (de) * 1979-04-10 1980-10-15 Bayer Ag Anode für die Alkalichlorid-Elektrolyse und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Chlor

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2328665A (en) * 1939-10-27 1943-09-07 Mathieson Alkali Works Inc Electrolytic cell
US2346006A (en) * 1944-04-04 Surveying instrument
US2542056A (en) * 1945-09-17 1951-02-20 Ici Ltd Electrode support for electrolytic cells
US2542989A (en) * 1941-08-27 1951-02-27 Ici Ltd Electrolytic cell
US2910423A (en) * 1956-03-03 1959-10-27 Hoechst Ag Device for adjusting anodes in electrolytic cells
US2919237A (en) * 1954-07-23 1959-12-29 Amroc Inc Adjustable supports for anodes
US2986513A (en) * 1957-06-04 1961-05-30 Ornhjelm Runar Maur Rafaelsson Electrolytic cells
US3037928A (en) * 1959-02-14 1962-06-05 Feldmuhle Papier Und Zellstoff Metallic current conductor mounting for a horizontal graphite electrode in an electrolytic cell
US3347769A (en) * 1963-05-24 1967-10-17 Basf Ag Means for adjusting anodes in electrolytic cells having horizontal cathodes

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2346006A (en) * 1944-04-04 Surveying instrument
US2328665A (en) * 1939-10-27 1943-09-07 Mathieson Alkali Works Inc Electrolytic cell
US2542989A (en) * 1941-08-27 1951-02-27 Ici Ltd Electrolytic cell
US2542056A (en) * 1945-09-17 1951-02-20 Ici Ltd Electrode support for electrolytic cells
US2919237A (en) * 1954-07-23 1959-12-29 Amroc Inc Adjustable supports for anodes
US2910423A (en) * 1956-03-03 1959-10-27 Hoechst Ag Device for adjusting anodes in electrolytic cells
US2986513A (en) * 1957-06-04 1961-05-30 Ornhjelm Runar Maur Rafaelsson Electrolytic cells
US3037928A (en) * 1959-02-14 1962-06-05 Feldmuhle Papier Und Zellstoff Metallic current conductor mounting for a horizontal graphite electrode in an electrolytic cell
US3347769A (en) * 1963-05-24 1967-10-17 Basf Ag Means for adjusting anodes in electrolytic cells having horizontal cathodes

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3511766A (en) * 1967-10-02 1970-05-12 Dow Chemical Co Current lead-in pin
US3676325A (en) * 1969-06-27 1972-07-11 Ici Ltd Anode assembly for electrolytic cells
US3941674A (en) * 1974-05-31 1976-03-02 Monroe Belgium N.V. Plating rack
US4072595A (en) * 1977-03-07 1978-02-07 Olin Corporation Anode seal assembly for electrolytic cells
EP0017188A1 (de) * 1979-04-10 1980-10-15 Bayer Ag Anode für die Alkalichlorid-Elektrolyse und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Chlor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO115575B (xx) 1968-10-28
GB1130827A (en) 1968-10-16
BE676012A (xx) 1966-06-16
DE1571715A1 (de) 1971-03-25
SE307568B (xx) 1969-01-13
NL6601403A (xx) 1966-08-05

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