US3454500A - Soap compositions having improved curd-dispersing properties - Google Patents

Soap compositions having improved curd-dispersing properties Download PDF

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US3454500A
US3454500A US525862A US3454500DA US3454500A US 3454500 A US3454500 A US 3454500A US 525862 A US525862 A US 525862A US 3454500D A US3454500D A US 3454500DA US 3454500 A US3454500 A US 3454500A
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soap
sodium
weight
water
acid
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Frank Lancashire
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Procter and Gamble Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37—Polymers
    • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
    • C11D1/10—Amino carboxylic acids; Imino carboxylic acids; Fatty acid condensates thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/18—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from amino alcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/75—Amino oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/755—Sulfoxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/79—Phosphine oxides

Definitions

  • compositions At least about by weight of said soap of a synergistic curd-dispersing mixture of (A) at least one synthetic detergent selected from the group consisting of (1) a detergent which contains in its molecular structure a zwitterion or a semi-polar bond; and (2) an amphoteric synthetic detergent; and (B) at least one watersoluble salt of compounds selected from the group consisting of (1) linear polymeric phosphoric acid containing more than 2 phosphorus atoms in the molecule; (2) linear polymeric carboxylic acid which in the acid form has a molecular weight of at least 350 and an equivalent weight of from 50 to 80 an which is derived from a monomeric carboxylic acid containing at least two carboxyl groups in its molecule; and (3) nitrilotriacetic acid; the ratio by weight of (A) to (B) being from about 1:4 to about 4:1.
  • synthetic detergent selected from the group consisting of (1) a detergent which contains in its molecular structure a zwitterion or a semi-polar bond;
  • This invention relates to improved soap compositions particularly suitable for use in hard water.
  • Soap is an excellent detergent but it has a serious disadvantage.
  • This disadvantage is its tendency to react with the metallic ions which are responsible for the hardness of water, notably calcium and magnesium ions.
  • This reaction forms an insoluble curd known as lime soap.
  • This insoluble lime soap forms undesirable deposits on the inside surfaces of washing posited on fabrics which are washed in hard water when soap is used as the detergent. These deposits give rise to poor odor and color of the washed fabrics. These deposits also tend to reduce the water-absorbency of fabrics, e.g., towels, which have been washed in hard water using soap.
  • a soap composition having outstanding curd dispersing characteristics and thereby especially suitable for use in hard water comprises from about 10% to about higher fatty acid soap, and at least about 5%, by weight of the soap, being a curd-dispersing, synergistic mixture consisting essentially of (A) at least one water-soluble amphoteric synthetic detergent; or at least one water-soluble non-soap organic synthetic detergent which contains in its molecular structure a zwitterion or a semipolar bond; or a mixture thereof and (B) at least one water-soluble salt of a linear polymeric carboxylic acid which in the acid form has a molecular weight of at least 3-50 and an equivalent weight of from 50 to 80 and which is derived from a monomeric carboxylic acid containing at least two carboxyl groups in its molecule; or a water-soluble salt of a linear polymeric phosphoric acid which contains more than 2 phosphorus atoms in the molecule; or a water-soluble salt of nitrilotri
  • the synergistic mixture should constitute at least about 5% by weight of the fatty acid soap. It can range up to about by weight of the soap ingredient. Preferably it should be present at a level of from about 20% to about 80% by weight of the fatty acid soap.
  • compositions of the invention may also contain up to 20% by weight of the soap, of a low foaming nonionic synthetic detergent.
  • the higher fatty acid soaps suitable for use as the present invention are the sodium, potassium, and alkylolammonium salts of higher fatty acids (C -C Particularly useful are the sodium and potassium salts of the mixtures of fatty acids derived from coconut oil and tallow, i.e., sodium or potassium tallow and coconut soap. Similarly palm and palm kernel oil are useful starting materials, as are synthetic fats simulating, for instance, tallow.
  • amphoteric synthetic detergents which are suitable for use in the compositions of the invention are synthetic detergents which contain both an acidic and a basic function in their structure.
  • the acidic group is a carboxylic, sulfuric, sulfonic or phosphoric acid group and the basic group contains a non-quaternary nitrogen atom.
  • suitable amphoteric synthetic detergents include:
  • R--NH--CH,-CI-l,--SO H a specific example is a N-methyl taurine sodium salt
  • a specific example is an N-methyl-N'-sulfophenyl ethylene diamine sodium salt.
  • R represents an alkyl radical of from 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • the preferred amphoteric synthetic detergent is the sodium salt of N-lauryl beta-alanine.
  • Suitable zwitterionic detergents include aliphatic quaternary ammonium compounds in which one aliphatic substituent contains from 10 to 18 carbon atoms and another aliphatic substituent contains a water solubillzing anionic group. Examples of such compounds are watersoluble alkylated betaines and sultaines of the general formula:
  • R is an alkyl group of 10 to 18 carbon atoms
  • R is an alkyl group of 1 to 3 carbon atoms
  • R is an alkyl group of 1 to 3 carbon atoms
  • R is an alkylene or hydroxy alkylene group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms
  • X- is a carboxylic acid or sulfonic acid anion.
  • Especially preferred compounds are (N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylammonio) methane carboxylates in which the alkyl group is derived from a mixture of lauryl and myristyl alcohols.
  • Suitable compounds are 3(N-alkyl N,N dimethylammonio)-2-hydroxypropane l sulfonate and 3(N-alkyl-N,N- dimethylammonio)-propane-l-sulfonate in which the alkyl group contains from about 10 to about 18 carbon atoms and preferably 12 to 16.
  • Suitable detergents which contain a semi-polar bond include tertiary amine oxides of the general formula R5R5R1N- O and tertiary phosphine oxides of the general formula R R R P O where R is an alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl radical of from to 18 carbon atoms, R and R are each an alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl radical of from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; for example, dodecyldimethylamine oxide, dodecyldiethanolamine oxide, decyldimethylamine oxide, tetradecyldimethylamine oxide, or dodecyl bis(hydroxymethyl) phosphine oxide, tetradecyl dimethyl phosphine oxide, and sulfoxides of the general formula R,R,S O in which R, is an alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxy, or alkoxylalkyl radical of 10 to 18 carbon atoms and R is methyl or ethy
  • Mixtures of the aforementioned detergents can also be used such as admixtures of equal parts by weight of N-lauryl beta alanine, 3(N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethylammonio)2-hydroxy propane-l-sulfonate, and dodecyldimethylamine oxide.
  • Component (B) of the synergistic curd. dispersing mixture as mentioned above is a water-soluble salt of a linear polymeric carboxylic acid which in the acid form has a molecular weight of at least 350 and an equivalent weight of from 50 to 80 and which is derived from a monomeric carboxylic acid containing at least two carboxyl groups in its molecule; or a water-soluble salt of a linear polymeric phosphoric acid which contains more than 2 phosphorus atoms in the molecule; or a watersoluble salt of nitrilotriacetic acid; or a mixture thereof.
  • Suitable polymeric carboxylic acid salts are water-soluble salts of (a) Polymers of unsymmetrical polycarboxylic acids e.g., polyitaconic acid, polyaconitic acid and copolymers of itaconic/aconitic acids;
  • the polymeric carboxylic acid must have a molecular weight of at least 350 and an equivalent weight of 50 to 80.
  • the molecular weight can be as high as 1,500,000. Preferably it should be in the range of 500 to about 175,000.
  • the proportion of non-carboxylic monomer must be such that the equivalent weight of the polymeric acid is within the range of 50 to 80.
  • the polymeric carboxylic acid salt can also be a mixture of such salts.
  • Suitable polymeric carboxylic acid salts include watersoluble salts of a polymeric aliphatic po.ycarboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of (a) water-soluble salt of the homopolymer of an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid having the following empirical formuJa:
  • R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, carboxyl, carboxymethyl, and carboxyethyl; wherein only one R can be methyl; wherein m is at least 45 mole percent of the copolymer; wherein X, Y, and Z are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, carboxyl, and carboxymethyl, at least one of X, Y, and Z being selected from the group of carboxyl and carboxymethyl provided that X and Y can be carboxymethyl only when Z is selected from carboxyl and carboxymethyl, wherein only one of X, Y and Z can be methyl; and wherein n is a whole integer within a range, the lower limit of which is three and the upper limit of which is determined primarily by the solubility characteristics in an aqueous system; said material having a minimum molecular weight of 350 calculated as the acid form and an equivalent weight of about 50 to about 80, calculated as the acid form.
  • the minimum molecular weight of 350 mentioned above was arrived at empirically and, to a great extent, is based on the knowledge and experience acquired from working with these polyelectrolytic polycarboxylic polymers.
  • Viscosity is a property more frequently used by polymer chemists as characterizing polymeric compounds than are molecular weights. This is no doubt due to the comparatively easier and less complicated methods for obtaining viscosity data. To make such data meaningful, it is necessary to also give the test conditions under which the measurements were run. Since there is a recognized correlation between the viscosity of polymeric compounds and their relative molecular weights and since such figures can be more meaningful and can frequently be more available than molecular weights, the polymeric builder compounds used in the examples of this invention are characterized in terms of specific viscosity. In all cases the viscosity characterization corresponds to a molecular weight substantially above 350.
  • Suitable salts of linear polymeric phosphoric acids are the alkali metal salts of linear polymeric phosphoric acids having more than two phosphorus atoms in the molecule, e.g., triphosphoric acid, H P O tetraphosphoric acid, H P O or hexametaphosphoric acid, H P O Salts of pyrophosphoric acid which is linear but has only two phosphorus atoms in the molecule and salts of cyclic polymeric phosphoric acids such as trimetaphosphoric acid are not suitable.
  • the preferred polymeric phosphoric acid salts are sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate. In all cases the alkali metal cation can be sodium or potassium or lithium.
  • the linear polymeric phosphoric acid salt may be a mixture of such salts.
  • water-soluble salts of nitrilotriacetic acid also exhibit synergism of lime soap dispersing effect with the organic non-soap detergents described above.
  • examples include trisodium nitrilotriacetate, and tripotassium nitrilotriacetate.
  • Salts of other amino polycarboxylic acids, for example, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, although having a high sequestering power for calcium ions do not exhibit synergism of lime soap dispersing effect in the context of the present invention.
  • Salts of such aminopolycarboxylic acids can, however, be included in the compositions of the invention in for example, to stabilize peroxy bleaching agents such as sodium perthe soap against oxidative deteriora- It is also contemplated that the synergistic curd-dispering mixture can contain mixtures of carboxylic acid salts, phosphoric acid salts and nitrilotriacetic acid salts. Such mixtures can include mixtures within each broad class as well as binary and ternary mixtures selected from all three classes.
  • mixtures of carboxylic acid salts and phosphoric acid salts can be used, mixtures of carboxylie acid salts and nitrilotriacetates, as well as mixtures of phosphoric acid salts and nitrilotriacetates.
  • the latter binary mixtures are especially valuable; specifically a mixture, on a 4:1 to 1:4 molar basis of sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium nitrilotriacetate.
  • the water-soluble salts of Component B ingredients can be sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium or substituted ammonium compounds such as triethanolammonium, and the like.
  • the sodium salt of polyitaconic acid employed in Test Series I (Table I) and Test Series III (Tables V and VI) has an equivalent weight of 65. It has a specific viscosity at 1% by weight in dimethylformamide of .29 and at .06% in water of .07. (Both the dimethylformamide and the water were at room temperature.)
  • Test series I A series of solutions was prepared by dissolving 1 gram of a mixture of the sodium salt of N-lauryl beta alanine (LBA) and a sodium salt of polyitaconic acid (PIA) in 14.4 gr./U.S. gal. hard water at 130 F.
  • the various mixtures used contained 100%, 60%, 40%, 20% and 0% of LBA with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and PIA respectively.
  • the pH of each solution was adjusted to 10.0
  • Test series 11 A series of solutions was prepared by dissolving 2 grams of a mixture of the sodium salt of N-lauryl betaalanine (LBA) and a linear polymeric phosphoric acid salt or nitrilotriacetic acid salt in 400 ml. of 14.4 gr./U.S. gal. hard water at F.
  • the polymeric phosphoric acid salts tested were sodium tripolyphosphate (ST PP) and sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP).
  • the nitrilotriacetic acid salt tested was trisodium-nitrilotriacetate (NTA).
  • the various mixtures used contained 100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, 20%, and 0% of the LEA with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of the polymeric phosphate or nitrilotriacetate respectively.
  • the pH of each solution was adjusted to 10.0.
  • Test series III A series of solutions were prepared by dissolving one gram of a mixture of an organic detergent and a sodium salt of polyitaconic acid (PIA) in 14.4 gr./U.S. gal. hard water at 130 F.
  • the various mixtures used contained 100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, 20%, and 0% of organic detergent and 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% PIA respectively.
  • the pH of each solution was adjusted to 10.0.
  • Two surface active agents were tested, namely (N-lauryl/ myristyl-N,N-dirnethylammonio) methane carboxylate (AMC) and N dodecyl N,N dimethylamine oxide (DDMA).
  • Test series IV A series of solutions was prepared by dissolving 2 grams of a mixture of organic detergent and sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) in 400 ml. of 14.4 gr./U.S. gal. hard water at 130 F. and the pH was adjusted to 10.0.
  • the various solutions used contained 100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, 20% and 0% of the organic surface active agent with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of the STPP, respectively.
  • the organic detergents tested were dodecyldimethylamine oxide (DDMA); 3-(N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethylammonio) 2-hydroxy l propane sulfonate (DAHPS) 2-(N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylammonio)-l-ethane carboxylate in which the alkyl radical is a mixture of lauryl and myristyl radicals (LAEC); beta-hydroxy undecylmethyl sulfoxide (HUMS).
  • DDMA dodecyldimethylamine oxide
  • DHPS 3-(N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethylammonio) 2-hydroxy l propane sulfonate
  • LAEC lauryl and myristyl radicals
  • HUMS beta-hydroxy undecylmethyl sulfoxide
  • compositions of the invention may be produced in any conventional form such as bars, powders, liquids or pastes.
  • a liquid soap composition can contain from about to about 30% of soap together with from about .5 to about 30% 0f the novel synergistic curddispersing mixture described herein; the balance to 100% being essentially liquid vehicle, e.g., water.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention is a toilet bar comprising essentially of from about 80% to about 95% fatty acid soap (e.g., 80% tallow-20% coconut) and from about 5% to about 20% of a synergistic curd-dispersmg mixture of the present invention.
  • fatty acid soap e.g., 80% tallow-20% coconut
  • the invention is particularly suitable for granular detergent compositions such as are used in domesticlaundry operations.
  • Such compositions preferably comprise from about 40% to about 80% of soap, by weight of the composition, and can contain the usual ingredients of washing compositions such as alkaline builder salts, e.g., sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium sulfate, carboxymethylcellulose, bleaching agents, e.g., peroxy compounds such as sodium perborate, optical whitening agents, color, perfume and the like.
  • Such granular detergent compositions should contain from about 2% to about 50% by weight of the composition of the synergistic curd-dispersing mixture of the present invention.
  • compositions of the invention may readily be formulated so that solutions of the compositions in hard water do not foam appreciably until all the hardness of the water has been destroyed and the solution contains sufficient free soap to have effective washing power. This avoids under usage of the composition.
  • high foaming synthetic detergents are added to soap to inhibit deposition of lime soap, foaming is produced at low concentrations of the product when there is insufficient free soap present for efiective washing.
  • foaming is produced at low concentrations of the product when there is insufficient free soap present for efiective washing.
  • compositions of the invention give effective lime soap dispersion during the washing stage. If the washed goods are rinsed in hard water, the washing solution remaining in the fabric is diluted by a large proportion of the added hard water. Under these conditions, some lime soap in undispersed form may be formed. According to a further feature of the invention, the tendency for this to happen can be reduced or entirely eliminated by including in the soap composition a low-sudsing alkylene oxide-containing nonionic detergent of the type described below. Moreover, low-sudsing nonionic detergents are used to avoid the appearance of suds in the rinse water.
  • the polyethylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols and dialkyl phenols, e.g., the condensation products of alkyl phenols having an alkyl group containing from about 6 to 12 carbon atoms in either a straight chain or branched chain configuration, with ethylene oxide, the said ethylene oxide being present in amounts equal to about 5 to 30 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of alkyl phenol.
  • the alkyl substituent in such compounds may be derived from polymerized propylene, diisobutylene, octene, nonene, for example.
  • Alkylene oxide-containing nonionic detergents derived from the condensation of ethylene oxide with the product resulting from the reaction of propylene oxide and ethylene diamine are contemplated whose characteristics can be controlled by achieving a desired balance between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic elements.
  • the coconut alcohol fraction which is preferred is a distilled coconut alcohol having from 10 to 16 carbon atoms, with the approximate chain length distribution being 2% C 66% C12, 23% C and 9% C
  • Another preferred compound is the condensation product of tallow derived alcohol and from about 3 to about 15 moles of ethylene oxide per mole of tallow alcohol; a specific illustration being the condensation reaction product of one mole of tallow alcohol and 4 moles of ethylene oxide (TE (4)
  • TE (4) A well known class of alkylene oxide-containing nonionic synthetic detergents of this type is made available on the market under the trade name of Pluronic. These compounds are formed by condensing ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic base formed by the condensation of propylene oxide with propylene glycol.
  • the hydrophobic portion of the molecule which, of course, exhibits water insolubility, has a molecular weight of from about 1,500 to 1,800.
  • the addition of polyoxyethylene radicals to this hydrophobic portion tends to increase the water solubility of the molecule as a whole and the liquid character of the product is retained up to the point where polyoxyethylene content is about 50% of the total weight of the condensation product.
  • the preferred nonionic detergent is the condensation product of one mole of hydrogenated tallow fatty alcohol with 4 moles of ethylene oxide.
  • the proportion of low sudsing nonionic detergent in the composition may be up to about by weight of the soap content, and preferably from at least about 2% to about 15%, by weight of the soap content, of the composition.
  • the granular product set forth in Examples I to IV above can be prepared by spray-drying an aqueous slurry of all the ingredients except the sodium perborate and perfume. Perfume is sprayed onto the spray-dried granules which are then mixed with the sodium perborate.
  • N-lauryl beta. alanine is replaced by the sodium salt of dodecylarninomethane carboxylic acid, N,N' dodecylethylenediaminediacetic acid sodium salt, N-methyltaurine sodium salt or N-methyl-N-sulfophenylethylenediamine sodium salt; if the 3- (N,N dimethyl-N-dodecyl)ammonio-Z-hydroxy-propane sulfonate is replaced by 3(N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethylam monio) propane-l-sulfonate; or if the sodium tripolyphosphate is replaced by sodium hexametaphosphate, trisodium nitrilotriacetate or a 1:1 mixture of these two compounds on a weight basis.
  • a soap composition is prepared to give the following product composition:
  • a soap composition is prepared to give the following product composition:
  • a soap composition is prepared to give the following product composition:
  • a soap composition is prepared to give the following product composition:
  • a soap composition is prepared to give the following product composition:
  • a soap composition is prepared to give the following product composition:
  • a soap composition is prepared to give the following product composition:
  • a soap composition is prepared to give the following product composition:
  • a soap bar composition is prepared to give the following product composition:
  • a soap composition is prepared to give the following product composition:
  • a soap composition is prepared to give the following product composition:
  • Germicidal agents can be added to the soap compositions of the present invention especially the bar embodiments to render the products antiseptic in quality.
  • a soap composition having improved curd-dispersing properties consisting essentially of:
  • R R R N O compounds of the formula R R R N O wherein R is alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl of 10 to 18 carbon atoms and R and R are each alkyl or monohydroxyalkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms;
  • R R S O compounds of the formula R R S O wherein R is alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl or alkoxyalkyl of 10 to 18 carbon atoms and R is methyl or ethyl;
  • water-soluble salts of polymeric aliphatic polycarboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of (a) water-soluble salt of the homopolymer of an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid having the following empirical formula wherein X, Y, and Z are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, carboxyl, and carboxymethyl, at least one of X, Y, and Z being selected from the group consisting of carboxyl and carboxymethyl, provided that X and Y can be carboxymethyl only when Z is selected from carboxyl and carboxymethyl, wherein only one of X, Y, and Z can be methyl, and wherein n is a whole integer having a value within a range, the lower limit of which is three and the upper limit of which is determined by the solubility characteristics in an aqueous system;
  • R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, carboxyl, carboxymethyl, and carboxyethyl; wherein only one R can be methyl; wherein m is at least 45 mole percent of the copolymer; wherein X, Y, and Z are each selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, carboxyl, and carboxymethyl, at least one of X, Y, and Z being selected from the group of carboxyl and carboxymethyl provided that X and Y can be carboxymethyl only when Z is selected from carboxyl and carboxymethyl, wherein only one of X, Y, and Z can be methyl; and wherein n is a whole integer within a range, the lower limit of which is three and the upper limit of which is determined primarily by the solubility characteristics in an aqueous system; said material having a minimum molecular weight of 350 calculated as the acid form and an equivalent weight of about 50 to about 80, calculated as the acid form; and
  • nitrilotriacetic acid the ratio by weight of (A) to (B) being from about 1:4 to about 41 2.
  • said synergistic curd-dispersing mixture constitutes from about 5% up to about 100% by weight of said higher fatty acid soap.
  • a soap composition having improved curd-dispersing properties consisting essentially of from about 10% to about by weight of a fatty acid soap containing 17 from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, and from about to about 100% by weight of said soap of a synergistic curd-dispersing mixture as defined in claim 1.
  • a liquid soap composition having improved curddispersing properties consisting essentially of from about to about 30% fatty acid soap containing from about 10 to about carbon atoms, from about .5% to about of the synergistic curd-dispersing mixture described in claim 1, and the balance being water.
  • a soap bar consisting essentially of from about 80% to about 95% by weight of fatty acid soap containing from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and from about 5% to about 20% of a synergistic curd-dispersing mixture as defined in claim 1.
  • a granular detergent composition comprising from about to about 80% of a fatty acid soap containing from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms and from about 2% to about by weight of the composition of a synergistic curd-dispersing mixture defined in claim 1.
  • composition of claim 5 which also contains up to about 20% by weight of the fatty acid soap of a nonionic synthetic alkylene oxide-condensate detergent.
  • composition of claim 9 in which the nonionic synthetic alkylene oxide-condensate detergent is present at a level of from about 2% to about 15% by weight of the higher fatty acid soap;
  • composition of claim 1 wherein the detergent IIA is the sodium salt of N-lauryl beta alanine.
  • composition of claim 1 wherein the water soluble salt 11-13 is sodium tripolyphosphatei 13.
  • the composition of claim 1 wherein the watersoluble salt lI-B is trisodium nitrilotriacetate.
  • composition of claim 11 wherein the watersoluble salt Il-B is the sodium salt of polyitaconic acid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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US525862A 1966-02-08 1966-02-08 Soap compositions having improved curd-dispersing properties Expired - Lifetime US3454500A (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3846346A (en) * 1971-01-25 1974-11-05 Philadelphia Quartz Co Detergent composition with controlled alkalinity
US3956158A (en) * 1974-01-07 1976-05-11 Lever Brothers Company Pourable liquid compositions
US3965048A (en) * 1974-03-29 1976-06-22 The Drackett Company Soap curd dissolving drain cleaner
US4029607A (en) * 1974-03-29 1977-06-14 The Drackett Company Drain cleaning compositions
DE2835001A1 (de) * 1977-08-17 1979-03-01 Colgate Palmolive Co Seifenzusammensetzung
US4154694A (en) * 1973-01-19 1979-05-15 Lever Brothers Company Detergent compositions
US4324797A (en) * 1979-08-08 1982-04-13 Seiichi Ishizaka, Director General Of Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology Metal soap compositions
EP0053222A1 (en) * 1980-12-01 1982-06-09 Neutrogena Corporation Transparent soap
US6277811B1 (en) * 1997-11-21 2001-08-21 The Procter & Gamble Company Liquid dishwashing detergents having improved suds stability and duration
US6344435B1 (en) * 1998-06-10 2002-02-05 Shiseido Co., Ltd. Detergent composition
US6355608B1 (en) * 1998-06-10 2002-03-12 Shiseido Co., Ltd. Detergent composition
US20050113272A1 (en) * 1999-05-26 2005-05-26 Rhodia, Inc. Block polymers, compositions and methods of use for foams, laundry detergents, shower rinses and coagulants
US20050124738A1 (en) * 1999-05-26 2005-06-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Compositions and methods for using zwitterionic polymeric suds enhancers
US7939601B1 (en) 1999-05-26 2011-05-10 Rhodia Inc. Polymers, compositions and methods of use for foams, laundry detergents, shower rinses, and coagulants

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3617439A (en) * 1969-01-02 1971-11-02 Buckeye Cellulose Corp Process for improving comminution pulp sheets and resulting air-laid absorbent products
GB2214923A (en) * 1988-01-29 1989-09-13 Unilever Plc Soap compositions

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA696355A (en) * 1964-10-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Liquid detergent composition
US3159581A (en) * 1962-04-13 1964-12-01 Procter & Gamble Detergency composition
US3308067A (en) * 1963-04-01 1967-03-07 Procter & Gamble Polyelectrolyte builders and detergent compositions
US3341459A (en) * 1964-05-25 1967-09-12 Procter & Gamble Detergent compositions

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA696355A (en) * 1964-10-20 The Procter & Gamble Company Liquid detergent composition
US3159581A (en) * 1962-04-13 1964-12-01 Procter & Gamble Detergency composition
US3308067A (en) * 1963-04-01 1967-03-07 Procter & Gamble Polyelectrolyte builders and detergent compositions
US3341459A (en) * 1964-05-25 1967-09-12 Procter & Gamble Detergent compositions

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3846346A (en) * 1971-01-25 1974-11-05 Philadelphia Quartz Co Detergent composition with controlled alkalinity
US4154694A (en) * 1973-01-19 1979-05-15 Lever Brothers Company Detergent compositions
US3956158A (en) * 1974-01-07 1976-05-11 Lever Brothers Company Pourable liquid compositions
US3965048A (en) * 1974-03-29 1976-06-22 The Drackett Company Soap curd dissolving drain cleaner
US4029607A (en) * 1974-03-29 1977-06-14 The Drackett Company Drain cleaning compositions
DE2835001A1 (de) * 1977-08-17 1979-03-01 Colgate Palmolive Co Seifenzusammensetzung
US4324797A (en) * 1979-08-08 1982-04-13 Seiichi Ishizaka, Director General Of Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology Metal soap compositions
EP0053222A1 (en) * 1980-12-01 1982-06-09 Neutrogena Corporation Transparent soap
US6277811B1 (en) * 1997-11-21 2001-08-21 The Procter & Gamble Company Liquid dishwashing detergents having improved suds stability and duration
US6355608B1 (en) * 1998-06-10 2002-03-12 Shiseido Co., Ltd. Detergent composition
US6344435B1 (en) * 1998-06-10 2002-02-05 Shiseido Co., Ltd. Detergent composition
US20050113272A1 (en) * 1999-05-26 2005-05-26 Rhodia, Inc. Block polymers, compositions and methods of use for foams, laundry detergents, shower rinses and coagulants
US20050124738A1 (en) * 1999-05-26 2005-06-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Compositions and methods for using zwitterionic polymeric suds enhancers
US7335700B2 (en) 1999-05-26 2008-02-26 Rhodia Inc. Block polymers, compositions and methods of use for foams, laundry detergents, shower rinses and coagulants
US20080131393A1 (en) * 1999-05-26 2008-06-05 Rhodia Inc. Block polymers, compositions and methods of use for foams, laundry detergents, shower rinses and coagulants
US7915212B2 (en) 1999-05-26 2011-03-29 Rhodia Inc. Block polymers, compositions and methods of use for foams, laundry detergents, shower rinses and coagulants
US7939601B1 (en) 1999-05-26 2011-05-10 Rhodia Inc. Polymers, compositions and methods of use for foams, laundry detergents, shower rinses, and coagulants
US20110183852A1 (en) * 1999-05-26 2011-07-28 Rhodia Inc. Block polymers, compositions and methods for use for foams, laundry detergents, and shower rinses and coagulants
US8492481B2 (en) 1999-05-26 2013-07-23 Rhodia Inc. Block polymers, compositions and methods for use for foams, laundry detergents, and shower rinses and coagulants
US8907033B2 (en) 1999-05-26 2014-12-09 Solvay Usa Inc. Polymers, compositions and methods of use for foams, laundry detergents, shower rinses and coagulants
US9044413B2 (en) 1999-05-26 2015-06-02 Solvay Usa Inc. Block polymers, compositions and methods for use for foams, laundry detergents, and shower rinses and coagulants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE685449A (en)van) 1967-01-16
DE1617172B2 (de) 1975-07-24
NL6611712A (en)van) 1968-02-20
GB1068779A (en) 1967-05-17
DE1617172A1 (de) 1971-02-18
CA796279A (en) 1968-10-08
GB1069654A (en) 1967-05-24
GB1091143A (en) 1967-11-15

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