US3450561A - Finishing textile material with polyamide dispersions - Google Patents

Finishing textile material with polyamide dispersions Download PDF

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Publication number
US3450561A
US3450561A US3450561DA US3450561A US 3450561 A US3450561 A US 3450561A US 3450561D A US3450561D A US 3450561DA US 3450561 A US3450561 A US 3450561A
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United States
Prior art keywords
parts
polyamide
weight
water
acid
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Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
Inventor
Hans Wilhelm
Heinz Bille
Ernst Wilhelm Hann
Karl Dachs
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
    • C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
    • C08J3/07—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media from polymer solutions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/59—Polyamides; Polyimides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
    • Y10T428/31739—Nylon type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
    • Y10T428/31779—Next to cellulosic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
    • Y10T442/2402—Coating or impregnation specified as a size

Definitions

  • aqueous polyamide dispersions which contain protective colloids may be used to finish textile material.
  • dispersions have been described for this purpose which contain, as polyamides, those which contain condensed units of dicarboxylic acids having aliphatic side chains containing at least six carbon atoms and, as protective colloids, copolymers of methacrylamide, vinyl-pyrrolidone and if desired N-vinylimidazole.
  • These dispersions give very good effects but they have the disadvantage that coatings obtained therefrom have a very small moisture absorptivity. Impregnated textile materials therefore do not soften enough in Water; during washing they retain stiff edges which can easily cause damage to the material.
  • Another object of the invention is to produce textile material impregnated with polyamides which in the dry condition is stifi but on being wetted with water becomes soft and flexible and recovers its original stiffness when dried again.
  • lacta-ms or omega-aminocarboxylic acids having six to twelve carbon atoms examples include caprolactam, oenantholactam, capryllactam, capric lactam, laurolactam, the related omega-aminocarboxylic .acids and also omega-aminoundecanoic acid.
  • Caprolactam is preferred because of its easy availability.
  • Linear dicarboxylic acids having six to twelve carbon atoms are adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecane dicarboxylic acid and dodecane dicarboxylic acid. Particularly good results are obtained by using adipic acid.
  • polyamides used according to this invention up to 10% by weight (on the Whole polyamide) of other polyamide-for-ming substances may be present.
  • these are dicarboxylic acids, omega-aminocarboxylic acids or diamines which are branched or contain a hetero atom in the chain, and C-substituted lactams.
  • the copolymers serving as protective colloids may contain, in addition to the abovementioned monomers, up to 7.5% (on the total weight of the monomers used) of units of other polyamerizable monomers.
  • these are other unsaturated carboxylic acids, such ,as a-ChlOI'OaCIYIiC acid, phenylacrylic acid and crotonic acid, unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, such as maleic acid,
  • esters such as anhydrides, salts and esters, the esters of acrylic.
  • Particularly preferred protective colloids contain 0.005 to 1% (on the weight of all the monomers) of copolymerizable monomers containing N-methylol groups, such as derivatives of urea, melamine, dicyandiamide and guanidine containing N-methylol groups and polymerizable groups, and particularly N-methylolmethacrylamide or N-methylolacrylamide.
  • N-methylol groups such as derivatives of urea, melamine, dicyandiamide and guanidine containing N-methylol groups and polymerizable groups, and particularly N-methylolmethacrylamide or N-methylolacrylamide.
  • the copolymers serving as protective colloids should have a K value of at least 90, measured according to Fikentscher, Cellulosechemie 13 (1932) 60.
  • the K values of the copolymers serving as protective I colloids are advantageously from to 170, and copolymers having K values of from to are particularly suitable.
  • the protective colloid a water-soluble copolymer which has been prepared from: 20 to 22% by Weight of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid; 53 to 60% by weight of acrylamide; 25 to 18% by weight of methacrylamide and, optionally, 0.01 to 1% by weight of N-methylolmethacrylamide.
  • These preferred protective colloids may also contain up to 3% by weight of units of other monomers, particularly esters of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid with ethanol or preferably methanol.
  • the copolymers serving as protective colloids may be present in the dispersions in amounts of 0.5 to 5%, preferably 1 to 2.5% (on the weight of the polyamides).
  • the protective colloids may also be made by conventional methods, for example by polym erization of a mixture of the abovementioned monomers in the presence of a mixture of the abovementioned monomers in the presence of water-soluble peroxides, such as potassium persulfate or ammonium persulfate as catalysts and triethanolamine, sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfoxylate or ascorbic acid as activators.
  • water-soluble peroxides such as potassium persulfate or ammonium persulfate as catalysts and triethanolamine, sodium thiosulfate, sodium sulfoxylate or ascorbic acid as activators.
  • the dispersions to be used according to the invention may be obtained for example by mixing a solution of the polyamide in an organic solvent with water which contains the protective colloid and if desired distilling off all or part of the solvent.
  • An advantageous procedure is to dissolve the polyamide in a solvent, preferably a watersoluble alcohol or mixture of alcohols, such as ethanol, isopropanol, butanol or mixtures thereof with each other and/or with Water, heating the solution to the boiling point of the solvent and distilling off the solvent, while at the same time the aqueous solution of the protective colloid and the amount of water or organic solvent for setting up the desired concentration are slowly added to the reaction mixture.
  • a solvent preferably a watersoluble alcohol or mixture of alcohols, such as ethanol, isopropanol, butanol or mixtures thereof with each other and/or with Water, heating the solution to the boiling point of the solvent and distilling off the solvent, while at the same time the aqueous solution of the protective colloid and the amount of water or organic solvent for setting
  • Polyamide dispersions of the abovementioned type may be used for numerous finishing methods for textile mate rial, particularly for coating fibers, filaments and threads, for finishing, coating, laminating and bonding textile sheet material and for bonding non-woven fabrics.
  • the dispersion may contain additional constituents depending on the purpose for which they are to be used; examples of such constituents are dispersions of polyolefins or polyacrylates or other polymer dispersions or solutions, water repellents, dyes, pigments and emulsion thickening agents and particularly organic solvents and aminoplast-forming substances, as for example reaction products, optionally etherified with alcohols containing up to four carbon atoms, of formaldehyde with urea, melamine or cyclic urea derivatives, as for example with ethylenurea, trimethylenurea, 4,5 dihydroxyimidazolidone (2), triazinone-(2) and its S-alkyl and S-hydroxyalkyl derivatives having up to four carbon atoms
  • the polyamide dispersions to be used according to this invention are applied to the material to be finished in the conventional way, for example by dipping, spraying, pouring or brushing.
  • concentration and rate of application of the dispersions is chosen in the conventional way so that the amount of polyamide applies to the textile material conforms to the desired purpose.
  • the amount of polyamide applied is in general 2 to 5% by weight (on the weight of the dry textile material) for stiff finishes; it may be higher, for example 8 to by weight, for the production of laminations.
  • the material thus treated is dried and heated to at least 100 C., preferably to 100 to 150 C. Finishes of unusual resistance to the stresses encountered in use and extremely high resistance to water are obtained in this way.
  • This dispersion which contains about 40% of the polyamide and about 0.5% of the protective colloid is diluted to a polyamide content of 20 to 25% by stirring in butanol.
  • the protective colloid used is a copolymer which contains, in addition to the abovementioned components, 0.01% by weight (on the whole of the monomers) of units of N-methylolmethacrylamide.
  • EXAMPLE 2 A dispersion prepared as described in the first two paragraphs of Example 1 is applied by means of a floating knife to a cotton cloth having a shrinkproof finish, so that the amount applied (reckoned as dry material) is about 10% of the weight of the cloth. While the coating is moist, a second strip of cloth is applied and the doubled material is pressed onto a steel calender whose rolls are heated to 100 C.
  • 1775 parts of polyamide (prepared by a conventional polycondensation from a mixture of 30 parts of caprolactam, 40 parts of hexarnethylene diamine adipic acid salt and 30 parts of 4,4'-diaminodicyclohexylmethane adipic acid salt) is dissolved in a mixture of 1050 parts of n-butyl alcohol, 1250 parts of isopropyl alcohol and 500 parts of water while stirring intensely at 75 to 85 C. Then at about 70 to 75 C.
  • Cloth treated with this dispersion has a highly waterresistant boilproof stifi finish which is not lost even after repeated Washing in a washing machine followed by drying.
  • 300 parts of a polyamide (prepared by conventional polycondensation of a mixture of 28% of caprolactam, 32% of hexamethylene diamine adipic acid salt and 40% of 4,4-diaminodicyclohexylmethane adipic acid salt) is dissolved in a mixture of 150 parts of isopropyl alcohol, 90 parts of n-butyl alcohol and 60 parts of water.
  • Cloth treated with this dispersion has a good stifi finish with good resistance to washing.
  • a protective colloid 0.5 to 5% by weight, with reference to the weight of the polyamide of a watersoluble copolyrner having a K value of at least and derived from:
  • a process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the protective colloid used has a K value of 90 to 170.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
US3450561D 1965-06-01 1966-05-24 Finishing textile material with polyamide dispersions Expired - Lifetime US3450561A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEB82205A DE1259284B (de) 1965-06-01 1965-06-01 Veredeln von Textilgut mit Polyamiddispersionen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3450561A true US3450561A (en) 1969-06-17

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ID=6981421

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US3450561D Expired - Lifetime US3450561A (en) 1965-06-01 1966-05-24 Finishing textile material with polyamide dispersions

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US3450561A (en, 2012)
AT (1) AT264457B (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE681942A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH449572A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE1259284B (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR1481604A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB1111076A (en, 2012)
NL (2) NL6607321A (en, 2012)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102459414A (zh) * 2009-06-19 2012-05-16 巴斯夫欧洲公司 共聚酰胺

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6861520B1 (en) 2003-04-30 2005-03-01 Dan River, Inc. Process for chemically bonding an odor-encapsulating agent to textiles and textiles formed by the process

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2808383A (en) * 1954-04-03 1957-10-01 Basf Ag Production of water-soluble methylol compounds of copolymers of an nu-vinyl lactam and an acrylic acid amide and product obtained
US3182100A (en) * 1960-07-21 1965-05-04 Berkley & Company Inc Monofilament polyamide fishline composition
US3269969A (en) * 1955-07-12 1966-08-30 Basf Ag Dispersing agents formed by the heat treatment of interpolymers containing acrylamide and methacrylamide
US3299010A (en) * 1962-11-05 1967-01-17 Kendall & Co Pressure sensitive adhesive polymers and tapes therefrom
US3322569A (en) * 1962-11-10 1967-05-30 Basf Ag Treatment of cellulosic textiles with a crease resisting finish and a copolymer of a n-methylolamide of an acrylic acid for the purpose of reducing wet soiling

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2808383A (en) * 1954-04-03 1957-10-01 Basf Ag Production of water-soluble methylol compounds of copolymers of an nu-vinyl lactam and an acrylic acid amide and product obtained
US3269969A (en) * 1955-07-12 1966-08-30 Basf Ag Dispersing agents formed by the heat treatment of interpolymers containing acrylamide and methacrylamide
US3182100A (en) * 1960-07-21 1965-05-04 Berkley & Company Inc Monofilament polyamide fishline composition
US3299010A (en) * 1962-11-05 1967-01-17 Kendall & Co Pressure sensitive adhesive polymers and tapes therefrom
US3322569A (en) * 1962-11-10 1967-05-30 Basf Ag Treatment of cellulosic textiles with a crease resisting finish and a copolymer of a n-methylolamide of an acrylic acid for the purpose of reducing wet soiling

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102459414A (zh) * 2009-06-19 2012-05-16 巴斯夫欧洲公司 共聚酰胺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL132880C (en, 2012) 1900-01-01
AT264457B (de) 1968-09-10
DE1259284B (de) 1968-01-25
CH689966A4 (en, 2012) 1967-09-30
CH449572A (de) 1968-04-11
GB1111076A (en) 1968-04-24
NL6607321A (en, 2012) 1966-12-02
BE681942A (en, 2012) 1966-12-01
FR1481604A (fr) 1967-05-19

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