US3449812A - Method of securing tube end portions in bores of a heavy plate by pilgrim step rolling - Google Patents
Method of securing tube end portions in bores of a heavy plate by pilgrim step rolling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3449812A US3449812A US611006A US3449812DA US3449812A US 3449812 A US3449812 A US 3449812A US 611006 A US611006 A US 611006A US 3449812D A US3449812D A US 3449812DA US 3449812 A US3449812 A US 3449812A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- mandrel
- bores
- rollers
- bore
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/08—Tube expanders
- B21D39/16—Tube expanders with torque limiting devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
- B21D39/06—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes in openings, e.g. rolling-in
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
- Y10T29/49373—Tube joint and tube plate structure
- Y10T29/49375—Tube joint and tube plate structure including conduit expansion or inflation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49764—Method of mechanical manufacture with testing or indicating
- Y10T29/49771—Quantitative measuring or gauging
- Y10T29/49776—Pressure, force, or weight determining
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
- Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
- Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
- Y10T29/4994—Radially expanding internal tube
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
- Y10T29/53709—Overedge assembling means
- Y10T29/53717—Annular work
- Y10T29/53722—Annular work with radially acting tool inside annular work
Definitions
- roller means comprising a conical mandrel and rollers distributed about the mandrel and in engagement therewith and having axes inclined to the axis of the mandrel are inserted in the end portion of a tube extending through a bore in the heavy plate, whereupon the mandrel is rotated in one direction about its axis to cause thereby a rotation of the rollers and advance of the conical mandrel relative to the rollers as well as advance of the latter relative to the tube so as to press the rollers against the inner surface of the tube to gradually expand the latter, whereby the moment for rotating the mandrel increases.
- the increasing moment is measured and the direction of rotation of the mandrel is automatically reversed for a predetermined time when the measured moment reaches a predetermined maximum, whereby the mandrel and rollers are retracted for a given distance.
- the mandrel is again rotated in the first mentioned direction to advance the mandrel and rollers again and to initiate the next rolling step. The last two steps are repeated until the whole tube end located in the bore is expanded in tight engagement with the bore surface.
- the present invention relates to a method for securing tube end portions in respective bores of a heavy plate by a rolling process in which roller means, comprising a conical mandrel and rollers distributed about the axis of the mandrel in engagement with the outer surface thereof and having axes inclined to the axis of the mandrel, are inserted in the tube end portion, whereupon the mandrel is rotated to advance the roller means while its rolling diameter is increased to expand the tube end portion in tight engagement with the bore surface.
- roller means comprising a conical mandrel and rollers distributed about the axis of the mandrel in engagement with the outer surface thereof and having axes inclined to the axis of the mandrel
- Tube end portions sometimes have to be secured by rolling into bores of heavy plates, which may have a thickness of 100 to 700 mm.
- To uniformly expand the tube end portions in proper tight engagement with bores through such heavy plates is connected with considerable difficulties, since the diameter of the bores through the heavy plates sometimes are not uniform through the whole length of the bores.
- the outer ends of the bores are usually slightly conical and there are also minor differences in the bore diameter throughout the length of the bore. This may be due to slight variations in the hardness of the plate material or it may be due to a nonuniform discharge of the borings during the boring process.
- the tube to be rolled-in is manufactured to certain tolerances.
- a rolling process is known in which the rolling-in of the tube is performed in successive overlapping steps whereby of the tolerances of bore and tube is considered at each step.
- This known method has the disadvantage that it is extremely cumbersome and therefore expensive and very time-consuming.
- a method for securing tube end portions in bores of a heavy plate by rolling comprising the steps of inserting the tube end portions respectively in the bores of the plate; inserting roller means comprising a conical mandrel and rollers distributed about the mandrel and in engagement with the outer surface thereof and having axes inclined to the axis of the mandrel into the end portion of a tube; rotating the mandrel about its axis in one direction to cause thereby rotation of the rollers about their axes and advance of the conical mandrel relative to said rollers and of the latter relative to said tube so as to press the rollers against the inner surface of the tube to gradually expand the latter in tight engagement with the bore surface, whereby the necessary moment for rotating said mandrel increases; measuring the increasing moment necessary for rotating the mandrel; automatically reversing the direction of rotation of the mandrel for a predetermined time when the measured moment reaches a predetermined moment to thereby retract mandrel and rollers for a given distance
- the predetermined time during which the mandrel is rotated in the opposite direction is preferably adjustable and this time period may be adjusted to be between onetenth and ten seconds.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically illustrate apparatus which may be used for carrying out the method of the present invention and application of this apparatus for expanding end portions of tubes 3 which are loosely inserted in corresponding bores 2 of a heavy plate 1 into tight engagement with the bore surfaces so as to secure the tube end portions to the plate 1.
- the apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention may include roller means comprising a sleeve 4 provided in the front end portion with a plurality of cutouts in which rollers 14, for instance three, are respectively located to be turnable about their axes and movable in radial direction toward and away from the axis of the tube 4.
- roller means comprising a sleeve 4 provided in the front end portion with a plurality of cutouts in which rollers 14, for instance three, are respectively located to be turnable about their axes and movable in radial direction toward and away from the axis of the tube 4.
- each roller 14 extends inclined at a slight angle to the axis of the sleeve 4.
- Coaxially arranged in the tube 4 is a conical mandrel 11 turnable about its axis relative to the tube 4 and movable relative thereto also in axial direction.
- the rollers 14 are arranged to engage the outer surface of the conical mandrel 11.
- the right end of the sleeve 4, as viewed in FIG. 2, is inserted in a cylindrical portion of a housing of a drive motor 6 (FIG.
- roller means 4, 11 and 14 When the roller means 4, 11 and 14 are inserted, for instance in the right end, as viewed in FIG. 2,'of a tube 3 [and the mandrel 11 is rotated about its axis in counterclockwise direction, the rollers 14 engaging the peripheral surface of the mandrel will be rotated in clockwise direction and due to the inclination of the axes of the rollers 14 to the axis of the mandrel 11 and to the axis of the tube 3, the roller means will be automatically advanced relative to the tube 3 toward the left, as viewed in FIG.
- the mandrel 11 will be advanced likewise to the left relative to the rollers 14 so that the latter are continuously pushed in radially outward direction to expand thereby the inner diameter of the tube 3 as indicated at 15 and to press the outer surface thereof in tight engagement with the bore surface.
- the force necessary for expanding the tube will produce a counter moment on the drive motor 6 which will rise with increasing diameter of the roller means.
- the electromotor 6 When an increasing moment is applied to the electromotor 6 the latter will draw an increased current.
- Current' is supplied to the electric motor 6 from a source not shown in the drawing via a control apparatus 8 and conductor 7 connecting the control apparatus with the motor.
- the control apparatus 8 is constructed in a known manner to measure the current drawn by the electromotor 6 and to automatically reverse the direction of rotation of the motor when the drawn current reaches a predetermined maximum, that is when the moment exerted on the motor reaches a predetermined limit.
- the current at which the rotation of the motor is automatically reversed may be adjusted in a known manner by turning the knob 9 on the control apparatus 8 to a predetermined position indicated on the scale surrounding the knob and this adjustment will be made depending on the wall thickness of the tube and the material thereof.
- the roller means will be automatically retracted toward the right, as viewed in FIG. 2, and at the same time the mandrel 11 will be retracted relative to the rollers 14 so that the latter can move inwardly toward the axis of the mandrel.
- the rolling process and expanding of the tube 3 is thereby interrupted.
- the reverse rotation of the mandrel 11 is maintained for a predetermined time period and after the latter has expired a timer, not shown in the drawing and which may be incorporated in the control apparatus 8, automatically reverses again the rotation of the mandrel 11 so that the latter is rotated again in counterclockwise direction whereby the mandrel 11'is advanced relative to the rollers 14 again towards the left, as viewed in FIG.
- the aforementioned timer may be set for a period of one-tenth to 10 seconds during which time period the roller means are withdrawn.
- each forward rolling step will depend on when the desired expansion of the tube necessary to bring the same into tight engagement with the bore surface is reached. Since each forward step is automatically interrupted when the force for expanding the tube exerts a predetermined counter moment on the drive motor, the process of the present invention will assure that exertion of excessive expansion forces onto the tube is definitely prevented. Evidently, the portions of the inner surface of the tube which are rolled during each rolling step will overlap so that an entirely smooth inner surface of the tube will be obtained at the end of the rolling process.
- the roller means can be easily retracted from the interior of the tube when the drive motor is switched off at the end of a retracting step.
- the tubes 3 are respectively inserted into the bores 2 of the plate 1.
- the knob 9 of the control apparatus is then adjusted to a desired position corresponding to the diameter, the wall thickness and the material of the tube to be rolled in, the timer is adjusted for the desired retraction period, and then the roller means 4, 11 .and 14 are inserted in a respective tube end portion.
- the motor 6 is then started by means of the switch 10 and from there on the method according to the present invention of expanding the tube end portion into the desired tight engagement with the surface of the respective bore will proceed automatically in the manner as described above.
- the motor is switched off during the last retracting step and the roller means are retracted manually from the properly expanded tube end portion and then inserted into the next tube.
- roller means While the method has been described above as being carried out by advancing the roller means from the free end, or the right end of the tube ,as shown in FIG. 2, it is also possible to stepwise expand the tube by starting expansion thereof distant from the free end of the tube, that is from the left side of the plate, as viewed in FIG. 2.
- the roller means have to be constructed slightly diflerently than shown in FIG. 2, especially the mandrel has to taper toward the right side, as viewed in FIG. 2.
- a method for securing tube end portions in bores of a heavy plate by rolling comprising the steps of inserting the tube end portions respectively in the bores of the plate; inserting roller means comprising a conical mandrel and rollers distributed about the mandrel in engagement with the outer surface thereof and having axes inclined to the axis of the mandrel into the end portion of a tube; rotating the mandrel about its axis in a direction so as to cause thereby rotation of the rollers about their axes and advance of the conical mandrel relative to the rollers and advance of the latter relative to said tube so as to press the rollers against the inner surface of the tube to gradually expand the latter in tight engagement with the bore surface, whereby the moment to rotate the mandrel increases; measuring the increasing moment necessary for rotating the mandrel; automatically reversing the direction of rotation of said mandrel for a predetermined time when said measured moment reaches a predetermined moment, thereby retracting m'andrel and rollers for a given
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEK58225A DE1289018B (de) | 1966-01-24 | 1966-01-24 | Rohreinwalzverfahren im Pilgerschritt |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3449812A true US3449812A (en) | 1969-06-17 |
Family
ID=7228591
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US611006A Expired - Lifetime US3449812A (en) | 1966-01-24 | 1967-01-23 | Method of securing tube end portions in bores of a heavy plate by pilgrim step rolling |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3449812A (el) |
BE (1) | BE677984A (el) |
CH (1) | CH466323A (el) |
DE (1) | DE1289018B (el) |
ES (1) | ES335833A1 (el) |
FR (1) | FR1506983A (el) |
GB (1) | GB1126142A (el) |
NL (1) | NL6603791A (el) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3643485A (en) * | 1966-05-05 | 1972-02-22 | Rotary Profile Anstalt | High-pressure rolling of workpieces |
US3956818A (en) * | 1973-01-15 | 1976-05-18 | Kotthaus & Busch | Method for securing a tube in a passage of a support |
US3979810A (en) * | 1974-11-30 | 1976-09-14 | Balcke-Durr Aktiengesellschaft | Method of hermetically swaging tubes into tube plates |
US4007699A (en) * | 1972-02-04 | 1977-02-15 | L. & C. Steinmuller Gmbh | Method and apparatus for a differential rolling-in of tubes |
US4134286A (en) * | 1977-09-13 | 1979-01-16 | Dresser Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for expanding tubes |
FR2431884A1 (fr) * | 1978-07-28 | 1980-02-22 | Inst T Khim | Procede de fixation par mandrinage de tubes dans une plaque tubulaire et machine pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procede |
EP0326886A2 (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1989-08-09 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Control system for a rotation station for remotely installing a mechanical tube plug |
US20070089376A1 (en) * | 2005-10-12 | 2007-04-26 | National Tsing Hua University | Connection of Fill Tube to a Two-Phase Heat Dissipation Device |
US20110126411A1 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2011-06-02 | Aldo Crisi | Heat exchanger fabrication with improved thermal exchange efficiency |
US20160311008A1 (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2016-10-27 | Johnson Controls Gmbh | Method for connecting a first component to a second component by plastic deformation |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB302331A (el) * | 1927-12-15 | 1929-05-23 | National Refrigeration Corporation | |
US2089790A (en) * | 1935-07-24 | 1937-08-10 | Texas Co | Method of forming a rolled joint |
US2219784A (en) * | 1937-12-31 | 1940-10-29 | J Faessler Mfg Co | Rolling tool |
US2375235A (en) * | 1941-05-15 | 1945-05-08 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Apparatus for tube expanding |
US2393283A (en) * | 1942-07-29 | 1946-01-22 | Elliott Co | Method of expanding tubes |
US2409219A (en) * | 1941-05-15 | 1946-10-15 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Tube expanding |
US2737996A (en) * | 1951-07-06 | 1956-03-13 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Tube expander involving automatic roller setting and release mechanism |
-
1966
- 1966-01-24 DE DEK58225A patent/DE1289018B/de active Pending
- 1966-03-17 BE BE677984D patent/BE677984A/xx unknown
- 1966-03-23 NL NL6603791A patent/NL6603791A/xx unknown
- 1966-11-28 CH CH1700766A patent/CH466323A/de unknown
- 1966-12-30 FR FR89462A patent/FR1506983A/fr not_active Expired
-
1967
- 1967-01-19 GB GB2916/67A patent/GB1126142A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-01-19 ES ES0335833A patent/ES335833A1/es not_active Expired
- 1967-01-23 US US611006A patent/US3449812A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB302331A (el) * | 1927-12-15 | 1929-05-23 | National Refrigeration Corporation | |
US2089790A (en) * | 1935-07-24 | 1937-08-10 | Texas Co | Method of forming a rolled joint |
US2219784A (en) * | 1937-12-31 | 1940-10-29 | J Faessler Mfg Co | Rolling tool |
US2375235A (en) * | 1941-05-15 | 1945-05-08 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Apparatus for tube expanding |
US2409219A (en) * | 1941-05-15 | 1946-10-15 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Tube expanding |
US2393283A (en) * | 1942-07-29 | 1946-01-22 | Elliott Co | Method of expanding tubes |
US2737996A (en) * | 1951-07-06 | 1956-03-13 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Tube expander involving automatic roller setting and release mechanism |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3643485A (en) * | 1966-05-05 | 1972-02-22 | Rotary Profile Anstalt | High-pressure rolling of workpieces |
US4007699A (en) * | 1972-02-04 | 1977-02-15 | L. & C. Steinmuller Gmbh | Method and apparatus for a differential rolling-in of tubes |
US3956818A (en) * | 1973-01-15 | 1976-05-18 | Kotthaus & Busch | Method for securing a tube in a passage of a support |
US3979810A (en) * | 1974-11-30 | 1976-09-14 | Balcke-Durr Aktiengesellschaft | Method of hermetically swaging tubes into tube plates |
US4134286A (en) * | 1977-09-13 | 1979-01-16 | Dresser Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for expanding tubes |
FR2431884A1 (fr) * | 1978-07-28 | 1980-02-22 | Inst T Khim | Procede de fixation par mandrinage de tubes dans une plaque tubulaire et machine pour la mise en oeuvre dudit procede |
EP0326886A2 (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1989-08-09 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Control system for a rotation station for remotely installing a mechanical tube plug |
EP0326886A3 (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1989-09-06 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Control system for a rotation station for remotely installing a mechanical tube plug |
US20070089376A1 (en) * | 2005-10-12 | 2007-04-26 | National Tsing Hua University | Connection of Fill Tube to a Two-Phase Heat Dissipation Device |
US20110126411A1 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2011-06-02 | Aldo Crisi | Heat exchanger fabrication with improved thermal exchange efficiency |
US8646178B2 (en) * | 2009-12-01 | 2014-02-11 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. | Heat exchanger fabrication with improved thermal exchange efficiency |
US20160311008A1 (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2016-10-27 | Johnson Controls Gmbh | Method for connecting a first component to a second component by plastic deformation |
US10434562B2 (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2019-10-08 | Johnson Controls Gmbh | Method for connecting a first component to a second component by plastic deformation |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1289018B (de) | 1969-02-13 |
BE677984A (el) | 1966-09-19 |
CH466323A (de) | 1968-12-15 |
ES335833A1 (es) | 1967-12-01 |
NL6603791A (el) | 1967-07-25 |
GB1126142A (en) | 1968-09-05 |
FR1506983A (fr) | 1967-12-22 |
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