US3447424A - Hydraulic cylinders having a quick exhaust - Google Patents

Hydraulic cylinders having a quick exhaust Download PDF

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Publication number
US3447424A
US3447424A US672677A US3447424DA US3447424A US 3447424 A US3447424 A US 3447424A US 672677 A US672677 A US 672677A US 3447424D A US3447424D A US 3447424DA US 3447424 A US3447424 A US 3447424A
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United States
Prior art keywords
valve
piston
cylinder
movement
piston rod
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Expired - Lifetime
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US672677A
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English (en)
Inventor
Roy O Billings
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1466—Hollow piston sliding over a stationary rod inside the cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1447—Pistons; Piston to piston rod assemblies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/149—Fluid interconnections, e.g. fluid connectors, passages

Definitions

  • the invention pertains to hydraulic cylinders, and more particularly to hydraulic cylinders of the type which may be employed for opening and closing clamshell buckets, as well as for a variety of other purposes.
  • the usual double-acting hydraulic cylinder has a piston movable therein and has a piston rod or ram projecting from the piston and slidably projecting from an end of the cylinder.
  • the valve is so manipulated as to reverse the hydraulic flow.
  • the hydraulic lines leading to the usual tank are necessarily of restricted size, and the speed of movement through the control valve bank is necessarily limited because of the relatively small orifices. As a result the speed of movement in both directions is relatively slow.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide means for quickly exhausting hydraulic fluid during retraction movement of an hydraulic ram.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved hydraulic cylinder which is relatively simple in design and construction, reliable in operation, and particularly well adapted for the operation of clamshell buckets or other instruments where quick movement in one direction is desirable.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view through the improved cylinder showing the piston rod in partially extended position, the hydraulic circuit being indicated diagrammatically;
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view partially diagrammatic illustrating a modification.
  • the numeral 10 designates an hydraulic cylinder having a port 11 near one end and a port 12 near the other end.
  • the port 11 may be connected by an hydraulic line 13 with a suit able, plural-way control valve 14.
  • the port 12 is connected by a line 15 with the control bank.
  • the hydraulic circuit there is the usual pump 1-6 having one side connected with the control valve by a line 17 and having its other side connected with the main tank or reservoir 18 by a line 19.
  • the tank 18 is also connected to the control valve by line 20.
  • a bore 24 extends axially part way through the piston and communicates with a bore portion 25 of lesser diameter.
  • Another bore 26 extends axially inwardly from the opposite face of the piston.
  • a radial bore 27 extends part way into the piston from its periphery and merges with a bore portion 28 of lesser diameter.
  • the bore portion 28 intersects the inner end of the axial bore 26 and also is communicable with the bore 24.
  • Another bore 29 which is normally closed by a plug 30 is diametrically opposite the bore 27.
  • the bore 30 communicates with the axial bore 24 to facilitate assembly of the valve member, as will be hereinafter described.
  • the inner end of the bore portion 25 communicates with a still smaller bore portion 31, there being a tapered valve seat 32 provided by the portions 31 and 25, which seat is controlled by a relief valve 33, the valve 33 being normally urged to closing position by a spring 34- located between the valve and a spiderlike spring retainer 35 which guides the stem of the valve 33 in sliding movement.
  • a tie bar 36 Freely movably mounted within the radial bore portion 28 (see FIG. 2) is a tie bar 36 connecting valve members 37 and 38 and forming a dumbbell-like double valve.
  • the valve 37 coacts with a valve seat 39 formed between the bore portions 27 and 28, and the valve 38 coacts with a valve seat 40 formed between the bore portions 28 and 24.
  • a tie rod 41 located centrally and axially of the cylinder 10 has one end anchored in the end head 42 of the cylinder and said rod extends through a bore 43 in the piston and through the axial 'bore 26.
  • the other end of the rod carries a fixed disk 44, the disk being located between a stop collar 45 and a nut 46.
  • tie rod 41 extends through a slot 36' in the tie bar between the valve members 37 and 38.
  • the valve may be operated without interference from the rod.
  • An O-ring 47 within a groove around the bore 43 of the piston, seals around the rod 41 as the piston moves relative to the rod.
  • the piston 21 has its outer peripheral portion of reduced diameter as at 48. Fitted on said portion is the inner end of a tubular piston rod 49.
  • the piston rod is slidable in a gland which is threaded into the end of the cylinder 10, there being an O-ring seal 51 between the tubular piston rod 49 and the gland and there being another O-ring seal 52 between the gland and the outer cylinder.
  • the tubular piston rod slides between the gland and the periphery of the fixed disk 44.
  • a flexible wiper 53 of rubber or synthetic material received in a groove 54 of the gland and adapted to wipe the outside diameter of the tubular piston rod 49 during sliding movement of the latter.
  • the outer end of the tubular piston rod 49 may be closed by a cover 57 having a breather 64 therein to allow ingress and egress of air, the breather being of any suitable type having an air passageway and an air filter.
  • the cover may carry a tubular boss 58 for connection with the bucket (in the case of a clamshell bucket) or with any other device to be operated. Inasmuch as thwe cylinders are usually pivotally supported, oppositely projecting trunnions 49 may be provided.
  • valve 14 is manipulated in a suitable manner to reverse the flow, i.e. to cause the flow from the pump 16 to pass through the line into the port 12 of the hydraulic cylinder.
  • This oil under pressure fills the annular chambers 55 and 56 and causes movement of the piston 21 toward the left.
  • it acts to close the valve 37 and simultaneously open the valve 38. Opening of the valve 38 provides communication between the main cylinder chamber 60 and the auxiliary reservoir 61 of the tubular piston rod, which is located between the disk 44 and the piston. Nearly half of the oil to be exhausted from the chamber 60 will enter the auxiliary reservoir 61, and the remainder of the oil will be exhausted in the normal manner through the port 11 and ducts 13 and to the main reservoir 18.
  • the construction is very simple to manufacture.
  • the piston 21 may be produced by simple axial and radial boring strokes and the dumbbell-like valve 36 may be easily as- .4 Sild when the plug 30 is removed.
  • the valve members 37 and 38 proper are separable and removably held in position by bolts 62 and 63 which are threaded through concentric openings in the valve members.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates such application of the invention to a single-acting cylinder.
  • a spring 70 which normally urges the valve 38 to opening position.
  • the spring must be so balanced, however, that during extension movement of the ram the hydraulic pressure will act to close the valve 38 against the action of the spring.
  • hydraulic fluid within the chamber 61 will be exhausted out of the port 12 and line 15 just as heretofore described in connection with FIG. 1, except that line 15 will extend directly to the reservoir 18 instead of going through the valve 14.
  • the spring 70 acts to open the valve 38, the spring being so balanced that it is stronger than the hydraulic pressure in the chamber 60 during such retraction movement. This Opening movement allows a substantial portion of the fluid in the chamber 60 to be exhausted into the auxiliary reservoir 61, just as in the principal form of the invention, to thus aid in quick retraction movement.
  • a double-acting fluid pressure operated cylinder having a main chamber with a fluid port, having a closure closing one end of said main chamber, having a slidable piston forming the other end of the main chamber, and having a piston rod projecting from the end of the cylinder opposite said end closure, wherein the improvement comprises having the piston rod of tubular form and of relatively large cross-section, a disk fixedly supported within the tubular piston rod against which the inside diameter of the tubular piston rod is sealingly and slidably engaged to provide an auxiliary fluid reservoir of variable size within the piston rod and between the piston and said disk, an annular seal between the outside diameter of said tubular piston rod and the cylinder, there being an annular fluid space between said annular seal and the piston and surrounding the piston rod, and there being a fluid port communicating with said annular space, duct means in the piston affording communication between the auxiliary reservoir and the annular fluid space, a first valve controlling said communication, duct means within the piston affording communication between the main cylinder chamber and the auxiliary reservoir, a second valve
  • a double-acting fluid pressure operated cylinder as set forth in claim 1 in which there is an axially extending tie rod on which the piston is slidable anchoring the fixed disk to the end closure of the cylinder.
  • a double-acting fluid pressure operated cylinder as set forth in claim 1 in which there is a connection between the first and second valves in the piston so that one valve is automatically opened when the other valve is closed, and vice versa.
  • a double-acting fluid pressure operated cylinder as set forth in claim 1 in which the piston has an internal radial bore with a seat for the first valve at one end and for the second valve at the other end, in which there is communication between one end of said radial bore and the annular fluid chamber, communication between the other end of the radial bore and the main cylinder chamber, and communication between the auxiliary reservoir and the radial bore, and in which movement of the first and second valves provides for communication either between the auxiliary reservoir and the annular chamber or between the auxiliary reservoir and the main cylinder chamber.
  • a double-acting fluid pressure operated cylinder as set forth in claim 5 in which there is a connecting bar between the first and second valves to provide a dumbbell-like shape with the connection bar slidable in said radial bore.
  • connection bar is slotted and in which there is an axially extending tie rod on which the piston is slidable extending through the slot of the tie bar and anchoring the fixed disk to the end closure of the cylinder.
  • a double-acting fluid pressure operated cylinder as set forth in claim 6 in which there is a plugged opening in the periphery of the piston opposite one end of the valves to facilitate assembly.
  • a double-acting fluid pressure operated cylinder as set forth in claim 8 in which the two valves are removably connected to the connecting member.
  • a fluid pressure operated cylinder having a main chamber with a fluid port, having a closure closing one end of said main chamber, having a slidable piston forming the other end of said main chamber, and having a piston rod projecting from the end of the cylinder opposite said end closure, wherein the improvement comprises having the piston rod of tubular form and of relatively large cross-section, a disk fixedly supported within the tubular piston rod against which the inside diameter of the tubular piston rod is sealingly and slidably engaged to provide an auxiliary fluid reservoir of variable size within the piston rod and between the piston and said disk, duct means in the piston affording communication between the auxiliary reservoir and main chamber, a valve controlling said communication and positioned to be moved by fluid pressure to closed position during extension movement of the piston, there being means for exhausting fluid from said auxiliary reservoir during such extension movement, and means for causing opening movement of said valve during retraction movement of the piston to provide for quick exhaust of a substantial portion of the fluid from the main chamber into the auxiliary reservoir of the tubular piston rod during such retraction movement

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
US672677A 1967-09-19 1967-09-19 Hydraulic cylinders having a quick exhaust Expired - Lifetime US3447424A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US67267767A 1967-09-19 1967-09-19

Publications (1)

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US3447424A true US3447424A (en) 1969-06-03

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US672677A Expired - Lifetime US3447424A (en) 1967-09-19 1967-09-19 Hydraulic cylinders having a quick exhaust

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US3447424A (es)
BE (1) BE720866A (es)
BR (1) BR6802342D0 (es)
ES (1) ES358285A1 (es)
FR (1) FR1581872A (es)
GB (1) GB1211127A (es)
SE (1) SE339628B (es)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3592108A (en) * 1969-02-07 1971-07-13 Borje Oscar Rosaen Fluid cylinder
US4258609A (en) * 1977-10-11 1981-03-31 Conway John P Dual speed hydraulic piston assembly
US5007327A (en) * 1988-09-09 1991-04-16 Teijin Seiki Company Limited Servo actuator
US5784943A (en) * 1996-03-15 1998-07-28 Tamrock Oy Arrangement in a hydraulic cylinder
CN102367825A (zh) * 2011-11-04 2012-03-07 武汉工程大学 变向内置阀式冲击气缸
US20130247753A1 (en) * 2012-03-22 2013-09-26 Actuant Corporation Fluid Cylinder Assembly Having Automatic Stroke Shutoff
CN104043973A (zh) * 2014-06-04 2014-09-17 洛阳利维科技有限公司 一种倍力式同心活塞杆油缸移动大负荷工作台的装置
CN107654542A (zh) * 2017-10-11 2018-02-02 长治市潞安合力机械有限责任公司 一种单轨吊快排液压油缸
EP3550157B1 (en) * 2016-12-30 2023-11-01 Xuzhou Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. Hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic system, and crane

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6532A (en) * 1849-06-19 Washing-machine
US2932281A (en) * 1958-06-25 1960-04-12 North American Aviation Inc Double-acting actuator means
US3240008A (en) * 1963-04-08 1966-03-15 Wayne W Mcmullen Control system for a material handling vehicle

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6532A (en) * 1849-06-19 Washing-machine
US2932281A (en) * 1958-06-25 1960-04-12 North American Aviation Inc Double-acting actuator means
US3240008A (en) * 1963-04-08 1966-03-15 Wayne W Mcmullen Control system for a material handling vehicle

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3592108A (en) * 1969-02-07 1971-07-13 Borje Oscar Rosaen Fluid cylinder
US4258609A (en) * 1977-10-11 1981-03-31 Conway John P Dual speed hydraulic piston assembly
US5007327A (en) * 1988-09-09 1991-04-16 Teijin Seiki Company Limited Servo actuator
US5784943A (en) * 1996-03-15 1998-07-28 Tamrock Oy Arrangement in a hydraulic cylinder
CN102367825A (zh) * 2011-11-04 2012-03-07 武汉工程大学 变向内置阀式冲击气缸
CN102367825B (zh) * 2011-11-04 2013-07-10 武汉工程大学 变向内置阀式冲击气缸
US20130247753A1 (en) * 2012-03-22 2013-09-26 Actuant Corporation Fluid Cylinder Assembly Having Automatic Stroke Shutoff
CN104043973A (zh) * 2014-06-04 2014-09-17 洛阳利维科技有限公司 一种倍力式同心活塞杆油缸移动大负荷工作台的装置
CN104043973B (zh) * 2014-06-04 2016-08-17 洛阳利维科技有限公司 一种倍力式同心活塞杆油缸移动大负荷工作台的装置
EP3550157B1 (en) * 2016-12-30 2023-11-01 Xuzhou Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. Hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic system, and crane
CN107654542A (zh) * 2017-10-11 2018-02-02 长治市潞安合力机械有限责任公司 一种单轨吊快排液压油缸

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1211127A (en) 1970-11-04
BE720866A (es) 1969-03-13
SE339628B (es) 1971-10-11
BR6802342D0 (pt) 1973-04-12
ES358285A1 (es) 1970-04-16
FR1581872A (es) 1969-09-19

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