US3445910A - Method of manufacturing a wire cloth regenerator - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing a wire cloth regenerator Download PDF

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Publication number
US3445910A
US3445910A US578301A US3445910DA US3445910A US 3445910 A US3445910 A US 3445910A US 578301 A US578301 A US 578301A US 3445910D A US3445910D A US 3445910DA US 3445910 A US3445910 A US 3445910A
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Prior art keywords
housing
regenerator
wire cloth
punched
disc
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Expired - Lifetime
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US578301A
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Harry I Duryee
John C Steiner
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Motors Liquidation Co
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Motors Liquidation Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles
    • F28D17/02—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles using rigid bodies, e.g. of porous material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
    • B21F45/00—Wire-working in the manufacture of other particular articles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49357—Regenerator or recuperator making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/496—Multiperforated metal article making
    • Y10T29/49604—Filter
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49801—Shaping fiber or fibered material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49915—Overedge assembling of seated part
    • Y10T29/49917—Overedge assembling of seated part by necking in cup or tube wall
    • Y10T29/49918—At cup or tube end

Definitions

  • Our invention relates generally to a method for making a regenerator especially suitable for but not limited to use with a Stirling cycle engine. More particularly, our invention relates to a method for making a regenerator comprising a number of wire cloth discs stacked in a housing in which wire cloth discs are successively punched from a strip and individually pushed into the housing before the next disc is punched.
  • the regenerator In the Stirling cycle engine, a gas flows back and forth between hot and cold cylinders through a regenerator, the hot gases storing heat in the regenerator in one direction and the cold gases removing the stored heat on their return in the opposite direction.
  • the regenerator most suitable for this puurpose is a wire cloth type which comprises a number of wire cloth discs stacked in a case or housing open at both ends for the gas to pass axially through it in both directions.
  • the regenerator absorbs a significant amount of the cost of the Stirling cycle engine and it is the general object of our invention to provide a cheaper method for making the regenerator to reduce the overall cost of the engine.
  • Another object of our invention is to provide a method for making a regenerator which is relatively inexpensive and which can easily be adapted to automatic mass production techniques.
  • Another object of our invention is to provide a method for making a regenerator comprising a number of wire cloth discs stacked in a housing which is relatively inexpensive and which can easily be adapted to automatic mass production techniques.
  • Another object of our invention is to provide a regenerator comprising a member of wire cloth discs stacked in a housing made by a method which is relatively inexpensive, especially adaptable to produce the regenerator and easily adaptable to automatic mass production techniques.
  • FIGURE 1 is a schematic elevation partially in cross section showing a partially fabricated regenerator in accordance with our invention disposed in an apparatus which can be used in carrying out the regenerator manufacturing method in accordance with our invention.
  • FIGURES 2 and 3 show the movable parts of the apparatus of FIGURE 1 in various positions as the regenerator manufacturing method is being carried out.
  • FIGURE 4 is a perspective view of a regenerator after it has been completed.
  • a die indicated generally at 12 having an upper portion 14 and a lower portion 16.
  • the lower die 16 has a cavity 18 reduced in diameter at its upper end to form a shoulder 20 and a cutting edge 21.
  • a housing or cylinder 22 having an inturned circumferential flange 24 as its lower end is disposed in the cavity 18.
  • the inner diameter of the cylinder 22 is preferably a little smaller than the diameter of the cutting edge 21.
  • a plug 26 is removably secured in the cavity 18 below the cylinder 22 to locate the housing 22 in the cavity 18 so that the upper edge of the housing 22 abuts shoulder 20 and is aligned with the opening of the cutting edge 21.
  • a loader 28 slidable within. the sleeve 26 extends up into the housing 22 through its open bottom.
  • the upper die 14 includes an annular punch 30 slidably mounted on it in alignment with the cavity 18.
  • the lower outer circumference 32 of the punch forms a cutting edge which mates with and cooperates with the cutting edge 21 in the lower die 16.
  • a plunger 34 is slidable within the annular punch 30.
  • a slot 36 provided between the upper and lower dies 14 and 16, respectively, is adapted to receive a strip of Wire cloth 38 and feed it between the upper punch 30 and plunger 34, and the lower die 16.
  • a flanged housing 22 is placed in the die cavity 18 in the position shown in FIGURE 1.
  • the retainer ring 40 is a metal plate having a great number of holes in it. It functions as wire mesh except that it provides greater support, which is sometimes necessary.
  • the loader 28 is extended to its upper position and the upper portion 14 is assembled to the lower die portion 16. With the die thus assembled, wire cloth 38 is threaded into the slot 36.
  • the punch 30 and plunger 34 may be manually operated or power actuated with the power actuation being with or without automatic control. Irrespective of the power source, the plunger 34 and punch 30 are moved downwardly together from the position shown in FIGURE 1 to the position shown in FIGURE 2.
  • the hole 41 allows air to escape during the downward motion of the punch 30 and plunger 34.
  • the hole is provided to insure that the screen disc does not slip and is loaded concentrically into the regenerator cup. This action punches a disc from the wire cloth 38 and pushes the disc into the housing 22.
  • the punched disc is preferably a little larger than the inner diameter of the housing 22 so that it is pushed into it with an interference fit.
  • the loader 28 is simultaneously indexed downwardly an increment so as to provide a space for the next disc which is punched to be received within the housing 22.
  • the punch 30 is retracted from the die cavity 18 to the position shown in FIGURE 3.
  • the plunger 34 remains in its downward position to retain the punched disc in the housing 22 as the punch 30 is withdrawn.
  • the plunger 34 is preferably as large as possible so that as much of the disc is held in place as possible to prevent curling of the edges of the disc and also to aid in keeping the discs in alignment in the housing 22.
  • the plunger 34 is withdrawn to the position shown in FIGURE 1 where the lower ends of the punch 30 and plunger 34 are again coplanar.
  • the strip 38 is fed into the die an additional amount and another disc is punched .
  • the process is repeated until the housing 22 is filled with the required number of discs and the retainer ring 40 abuts the flange 24. After this occurs, the die is opened and the assembly removed. It may also be necessary to provide a second retainer ring on top of the stacked Wire cloth discs.
  • the upper end of the housing 22 is then staked or bent over to sandwich the disc (and retainer rings when used) between the top of the housing 22 and the lower flange 24 to complete the assembly.
  • a method for fabricating a wire cloth regenerator comprising the steps of placing a housing with an inturned flange on its lower end and an open upper end beneath a punch and in alignment therewith,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Description

y 9 H. l. DURYEE E METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A WIRE CLOTH REGENERATOR Filed Sept. 9, 1966 INVIEN'IORS Margy Zflzqyee 13 0/ 5/77? (3 576/776!" United States Patent 3,445,910 METHOD OF MANUFACTURING A WIRE CLOTH REGENERATOR Harry I. Duryee, Birmingham, and John C. Steiner,
Warren, Mich., assignors to General Motors Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Filed Sept. 9, 1966, Ser. No. 578,301 Int. Cl. B21d 39/00; B23p /16, 17/00 US. Cl. 29157.3 6 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A method for fabricating a wire cloth regenerator in which a housing having an inturned flange on its lower end and an open upper end is placed beneath a punch. A strip of wire is fed between the punch and the open upper end of the housing and a plurality of discs are individually and successively punched from the wire strip and pushed into the housing. The open upper end is subsequently deformed to lock the plurality of discs within the housing.
Our invention relates generally to a method for making a regenerator especially suitable for but not limited to use with a Stirling cycle engine. More particularly, our invention relates to a method for making a regenerator comprising a number of wire cloth discs stacked in a housing in which wire cloth discs are successively punched from a strip and individually pushed into the housing before the next disc is punched.
In the Stirling cycle engine, a gas flows back and forth between hot and cold cylinders through a regenerator, the hot gases storing heat in the regenerator in one direction and the cold gases removing the stored heat on their return in the opposite direction. Today, the regenerator most suitable for this puurpose is a wire cloth type which comprises a number of wire cloth discs stacked in a case or housing open at both ends for the gas to pass axially through it in both directions. The regenerator absorbs a significant amount of the cost of the Stirling cycle engine and it is the general object of our invention to provide a cheaper method for making the regenerator to reduce the overall cost of the engine.
Another object of our invention is to provide a method for making a regenerator which is relatively inexpensive and which can easily be adapted to automatic mass production techniques.
Another object of our invention is to provide a method for making a regenerator comprising a number of wire cloth discs stacked in a housing which is relatively inexpensive and which can easily be adapted to automatic mass production techniques.
Another object of our invention is to provide a regenerator comprising a member of wire cloth discs stacked in a housing made by a method which is relatively inexpensive, especially adaptable to produce the regenerator and easily adaptable to automatic mass production techniques.
The exact nature of this invention as well as other objects and advantages thereof will be readily apparent from consideration of the following specification relating to the annexed drawing in which:
FIGURE 1 is a schematic elevation partially in cross section showing a partially fabricated regenerator in accordance with our invention disposed in an apparatus which can be used in carrying out the regenerator manufacturing method in accordance with our invention.
FIGURES 2 and 3 show the movable parts of the apparatus of FIGURE 1 in various positions as the regenerator manufacturing method is being carried out.
FIGURE 4 is a perspective view of a regenerator after it has been completed.
Referring now to the drawings and more particularly to FIGURE 1, there is shown a die indicated generally at 12 having an upper portion 14 and a lower portion 16. The lower die 16 has a cavity 18 reduced in diameter at its upper end to form a shoulder 20 and a cutting edge 21. A housing or cylinder 22 having an inturned circumferential flange 24 as its lower end is disposed in the cavity 18. The inner diameter of the cylinder 22 is preferably a little smaller than the diameter of the cutting edge 21. A plug 26 is removably secured in the cavity 18 below the cylinder 22 to locate the housing 22 in the cavity 18 so that the upper edge of the housing 22 abuts shoulder 20 and is aligned with the opening of the cutting edge 21. A loader 28 slidable within. the sleeve 26 extends up into the housing 22 through its open bottom.
The upper die 14 includes an annular punch 30 slidably mounted on it in alignment with the cavity 18. The lower outer circumference 32 of the punch forms a cutting edge which mates with and cooperates with the cutting edge 21 in the lower die 16. A plunger 34 is slidable within the annular punch 30. A slot 36 provided between the upper and lower dies 14 and 16, respectively, is adapted to receive a strip of Wire cloth 38 and feed it between the upper punch 30 and plunger 34, and the lower die 16.
Having thus described apparatus which can be used to manufacture a regenerator for carrying out the method in accordance with our invention, we shall now describe the various positions of the apparatus parts during various steps of our method. A flanged housing 22 is placed in the die cavity 18 in the position shown in FIGURE 1. In some instances, it is necessary to use a retainer ring 40 which is placed in the housing 22. The retainer ring 40 is a metal plate having a great number of holes in it. It functions as wire mesh except that it provides greater support, which is sometimes necessary. The loader 28 is extended to its upper position and the upper portion 14 is assembled to the lower die portion 16. With the die thus assembled, wire cloth 38 is threaded into the slot 36. The punch 30 and plunger 34 may be manually operated or power actuated with the power actuation being with or without automatic control. Irrespective of the power source, the plunger 34 and punch 30 are moved downwardly together from the position shown in FIGURE 1 to the position shown in FIGURE 2. The hole 41 allows air to escape during the downward motion of the punch 30 and plunger 34. The hole is provided to insure that the screen disc does not slip and is loaded concentrically into the regenerator cup. This action punches a disc from the wire cloth 38 and pushes the disc into the housing 22. The punched disc is preferably a little larger than the inner diameter of the housing 22 so that it is pushed into it with an interference fit. The loader 28 is simultaneously indexed downwardly an increment so as to provide a space for the next disc which is punched to be received within the housing 22. The punch 30 is retracted from the die cavity 18 to the position shown in FIGURE 3. The plunger 34 remains in its downward position to retain the punched disc in the housing 22 as the punch 30 is withdrawn. The plunger 34 is preferably as large as possible so that as much of the disc is held in place as possible to prevent curling of the edges of the disc and also to aid in keeping the discs in alignment in the housing 22. In the next step, the plunger 34 is withdrawn to the position shown in FIGURE 1 where the lower ends of the punch 30 and plunger 34 are again coplanar. The strip 38 is fed into the die an additional amount and another disc is punched .The process is repeated until the housing 22 is filled with the required number of discs and the retainer ring 40 abuts the flange 24. After this occurs, the die is opened and the assembly removed. It may also be necessary to provide a second retainer ring on top of the stacked Wire cloth discs. The upper end of the housing 22 is then staked or bent over to sandwich the disc (and retainer rings when used) between the top of the housing 22 and the lower flange 24 to complete the assembly.
7 It should be understood, of course, that the foregoing disclosure relates to only a preferred embodiment of the invention and that numerous modifications or alterations may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
We claim:
1. A method for fabricating a wire cloth regenerator comprising the steps of placing a housing with an inturned flange on its lower end and an open upper end beneath a punch and in alignment therewith,
feeding a strip of wire cloth between the punch and the housing,
punching a plurality of discs from the wire cloth strip,
and pushing each disc into the housing after it is punched and before the next disc is punched, and deforming the open end of the housing after a plurality of punched discs have been pushed into the housing to retain the discs between the deformed upper end and the lower flange. 2. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the punched disc is received in the housing with an interference fit.
3. The method as defined in claim 1 wherein a first retainer ring is placed in the housing before any punched discs are received therein and wherein a second retainer ring is placed on top of the plurality of punched discs pushed into the housing before the open end of the housing is deformed.
4. The method as defined in claim 2 wherein a first retainer ring is placed in the housing before any punched discs are received therein and wherein a second retainer ring is placed on top of the plurality of punched discs pushed into the housing before the open end of the housing is deformed.
5. The method as defined in claim 3 wherein said first retainer ring is supported in said housing adjacent the upper open end thereof and indexed downwardly as each punched disc is received an amount substantially equal to the thickness of the punched disc.
6. The method as defined in claim 4 wherein said first retainer ring is supported in said housing adjacent the upper open end thereof and indexed downwardly as each punched disc is received an amount substantially equal to the thickness of the punched disc.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,332,445 10/ 1943 Grim. 2.424.612 7/1947 Gunter 29-l57.3 X 2,587,252 2/1952 Van Weenen et al. 29l57.3 3,243,877 4/1966 Scholl 29-419 THOMAS H. EAGER, Primary Examiner.
US. Cl. X.R.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,445,910 May 27, 1969 Harry I. Duryee et al.
It is certified that error appears in the above identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:
Column l, line 37, puurpose" should read purpose line 55, "member" should read number Column 2, line 9, "as
Signed and sealed this 14th day of April 1970.
(SEAL) Attest:
WILLIAM E. SCHUYLER, JR.
Edward M. Fletcher, Jr.
Commissioner of Patents Attesting Officer should read at
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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3531847A (en) * 1967-09-20 1970-10-06 Lawrence B Wallerstein Process and mechanism for making round end prepared cut bandages
US3792519A (en) * 1967-05-05 1974-02-19 F Haver Method for producing multi-layer filter discs
US4001929A (en) * 1975-07-30 1977-01-11 Soji Ishikawa Method of constructing a medical needle holder assembly
US4052779A (en) * 1975-03-31 1977-10-11 Charter-Wallace, Inc. Method for assembling micro-filter units
US4071935A (en) * 1975-08-07 1978-02-07 Stainless Equipment Company Method of making heat exchanger
FR2571130A1 (en) * 1984-09-28 1986-04-04 Aisin Seiki HEAT REGENERATOR AND, MORE PARTICULARLY, WIRE SIEVE FOR SUCH A REGENERATOR
FR2578911A1 (en) * 1985-03-13 1986-09-19 Aisin Seiki HEAT RECOVERY FOR STIRLING ENGINE
US5012650A (en) * 1989-10-11 1991-05-07 Apd Cryogenics, Inc. Cryogen thermal storage matrix
US6065295A (en) * 1995-12-15 2000-05-23 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Low-temperature refrigerator with cold head and a process for optimizing said cold head for a desired temperature range
DE10233525A1 (en) * 2002-07-23 2004-02-12 Löffler, Michael, Dipl.-Ing. Heat exchanger has a grid or series of heat storage grids made of metal positioned between the fluid inlet and outlet
US20060048521A1 (en) * 2002-10-31 2006-03-09 Hiroyuki Katayama Regenerator method for manufacturing regenerator, system for manufacturing regenerator and stirling refrigerating machine
US20080256958A1 (en) * 2007-04-23 2008-10-23 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Pulse tube cryocooler
US20140331689A1 (en) * 2013-05-10 2014-11-13 Bin Wan Stirling engine regenerator

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2332445A (en) * 1942-02-19 1943-10-19 Trojan Powder Co Machine for cutting and placing sheet material
US2424612A (en) * 1943-12-22 1947-07-29 American Locomotive Co Fin tube
US2587252A (en) * 1941-09-02 1952-02-26 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Method of forming wire filling for regenerators
US3243877A (en) * 1964-04-14 1966-04-05 William M Scholl Method of making a surgical pad

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2587252A (en) * 1941-09-02 1952-02-26 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Method of forming wire filling for regenerators
US2332445A (en) * 1942-02-19 1943-10-19 Trojan Powder Co Machine for cutting and placing sheet material
US2424612A (en) * 1943-12-22 1947-07-29 American Locomotive Co Fin tube
US3243877A (en) * 1964-04-14 1966-04-05 William M Scholl Method of making a surgical pad

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3792519A (en) * 1967-05-05 1974-02-19 F Haver Method for producing multi-layer filter discs
US3531847A (en) * 1967-09-20 1970-10-06 Lawrence B Wallerstein Process and mechanism for making round end prepared cut bandages
US4052779A (en) * 1975-03-31 1977-10-11 Charter-Wallace, Inc. Method for assembling micro-filter units
US4001929A (en) * 1975-07-30 1977-01-11 Soji Ishikawa Method of constructing a medical needle holder assembly
US4071935A (en) * 1975-08-07 1978-02-07 Stainless Equipment Company Method of making heat exchanger
US4615378A (en) * 1984-09-28 1986-10-07 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Regenerator
FR2571130A1 (en) * 1984-09-28 1986-04-04 Aisin Seiki HEAT REGENERATOR AND, MORE PARTICULARLY, WIRE SIEVE FOR SUCH A REGENERATOR
FR2578911A1 (en) * 1985-03-13 1986-09-19 Aisin Seiki HEAT RECOVERY FOR STIRLING ENGINE
DE3608233A1 (en) * 1985-03-13 1986-09-25 Aisin Seiki K.K., Kariya, Aichi REGENERATOR
US4651808A (en) * 1985-03-13 1987-03-24 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Regenerator
US5012650A (en) * 1989-10-11 1991-05-07 Apd Cryogenics, Inc. Cryogen thermal storage matrix
US6065295A (en) * 1995-12-15 2000-05-23 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Low-temperature refrigerator with cold head and a process for optimizing said cold head for a desired temperature range
DE10233525A1 (en) * 2002-07-23 2004-02-12 Löffler, Michael, Dipl.-Ing. Heat exchanger has a grid or series of heat storage grids made of metal positioned between the fluid inlet and outlet
US20060048521A1 (en) * 2002-10-31 2006-03-09 Hiroyuki Katayama Regenerator method for manufacturing regenerator, system for manufacturing regenerator and stirling refrigerating machine
US7383687B2 (en) * 2002-10-31 2008-06-10 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Regenerator method for manufacturing regenerator, system for manufacturing regenerator and stirling refrigerating machine
US20080256958A1 (en) * 2007-04-23 2008-10-23 Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. Pulse tube cryocooler
US20140331689A1 (en) * 2013-05-10 2014-11-13 Bin Wan Stirling engine regenerator

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