US3444809A - Reproduction process - Google Patents

Reproduction process Download PDF

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Publication number
US3444809A
US3444809A US555005A US3444809DA US3444809A US 3444809 A US3444809 A US 3444809A US 555005 A US555005 A US 555005A US 3444809D A US3444809D A US 3444809DA US 3444809 A US3444809 A US 3444809A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
image
oil
sheet
original
developer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US555005A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kinji Ohkubo
Junpei Noguchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujifilm Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3444809A publication Critical patent/US3444809A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/26—Thermography ; Marking by high energetic means, e.g. laser otherwise than by burning, and characterised by the material used
    • B41M5/398—Processes based on the production of stickiness patterns using powders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
    • B41M5/025—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet
    • B41M5/035—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein by transferring ink from the master sheet by sublimation or volatilisation of pre-printed design, e.g. sublistatic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a reproduction process an more particularly to a process for reproducing an original onto a large number of usual papers or others.
  • an oil latent image which is a reflected image of an original to be reproduced is formed on an intermediate original sheet, the latent image is developed by the powders of a transferable material having in the temperature range from 70 C. to 170 C., a tackifying point at which it becomes adhesive and remains adhesive when reduced in temperature below its tackifying point and being transferable to an image-receiving sheet such as a usual paper or a film, and then the thus transferred image is subjected to powder development and fixing.
  • An object of the present invention is to ensure that reproduction has good stability and is not discolored and changed in quality during preservation diflerent from unstable reproduction obtained from a usual silver salt type reproducing element.
  • Another object of the present invention is to ensure that the above-mentioned transferring procedure can be conducted as many as twenty times and from one intermediate original sheet a large number of reproductions can be obtained.
  • a further object of the present invention is to enable the whole reproducing process to be carried out by dry system.
  • a process of using an intermediate sheet coated with fine pressure rupturable capsules or heat-rupturable capsules prepared by covering an oil with a high molecular material whereby when the pressure rupturable capsules are used, desired characters are written by hand or by means of a typewriter on the surface to break the capsule by pressure and to form the oil images corresponding to the characters on the surface, or when the heat ruptura-ble capsules are used, the capsules are broken by heat by the irradiation of infrared rays to form an oil image.
  • the oil latent image in this invention must be the reflected image of an original to be reproduced, in the case of utilizing process (1) or process (2) as mentioned above, specific types or typewritter is used, or a copy obtained by using usual types or typewriter and having characters of printing ink or an oil from a typewriter ribbon is placed on other sheet and the assembly is heated to transfer the printing ink or the oil to the sheet, whereby an oil latent sheet of the reflected image of the original is obtained, which is used as the intermediate.
  • the intermediate sheet may be used papers, films or metal plates.
  • the oil used for forming latent images may be vegetable oils, animal oils, mineral oils or other oily materials having suitable properties corresponding to the process adopted for forming latent images.
  • Suitable vegetable oils are peanut oil, linseed oil, soybean oil, castor oil, maize oil and tung oil.
  • Typical examples of the animal oils are whale oil, codliver oil and lard oil.
  • Typical examples of the mineral oils are petroleum oil and the fractions thereof, such as, kerosene, naphtha and paratfin oil.
  • oilsy materials include phosphoric acid esters, such as tributyl phosphate, tri-Z-ethylhexyl phosphate, and the like; phthalic acid esters such as methyl phthalate, butyl phthalate, Z-ethylhexyl phthalate, and the like; and other liquid plasticizers such as adipic acid esters, azelaic acid esters, sebacic acid esters, and glycerine esters. These oils must have, however, such viscosity or stickiness as attaching effectively the below-stating developing powders.
  • Powdered developer for developing the intermediate original sheet having oil latent images thereon The powdered developer for developing the intermediate original sheet described in above Section I has the below-stating good tackiness in the solid powder state to the aforementioned oil and at the same has the following properties.
  • the powdered developer has such properties that it has no tackiness at normal temperature to a powdered developer to be used in the below-stating developing process for the image-transferred sheet butbecomes adhesive at a temperature range of 70 C. to C. and remain adhesive when reduced in temperature below said temperature for several minutes to several tens minutes.
  • This material is called thermoadhesive in this specification, and these properties also thermoadhesive properties.
  • These properties are necessary for transferring the oil latent images from the intermediate sheet.
  • these materials are benzoic acid, sebacic acid, phthalic anhydride, cinnamic acid, maleic anhydride, benzotriazole, p-dimethylamino-benzaldehyde, benzoin, dextrose, l-phenyl-3-pyrazolidone, sorbitol, benzylarnine, tribenzylamine, phenacetin, acetanilide, vanilline, methyldroquinone, 2-4 dihydroxybenzopophenone, B-naphthol and the like.
  • These materials are ground into 0.1 to 100 microns in diameter when used as the powdered developer for the oil latent imags on the intermediate sheet.
  • the powdered developer may be mixed with an infrared ray absorber.
  • the amount of the infrared ray absorber may be 0.1 part by weight to 1 part by weight of the transferring material.
  • the infrared ray absorber may be organic or inorganic pigment powders. Typical examples of these are carbon black, iron oxides, chromium green, ultramarine blue, cobalt blue, indigo and the like.
  • the addition of the infrared ray absorber is convenient in the case of transferring by placing the intermediate sheet on a transferring paper.
  • thermoadhesive material may be mixed with the fine powders of a material having a high melting point, such as metal powders, metal oxide powders or silicon oxide powders.
  • mixtures may be prepared as follows: A mixture of 0.1 part by weight of the above-mentioned finely powdered infrared absorber and O-10.0 parts by weight of the above-mentioned finely powdered high-melting point material is thoroughly mixed with 1 part by weight of the above-mentioned thermoadhesive material and then the mixture is melted by heating. After completely solidifying the mixture by cooling, the mixture is finely ground into 0.1-100 microns in diameter by suitable means.
  • the powdered developer for developing the oil latent images on the intermediate sheet there may be used a mixture of fine powders of a material having a good transferable property and a usual toner for electrophotography containing an infrared ray absorber.
  • the thus obtained intermediate sheet is placed on an image-receiving sheet after being heated or heated after being placed on an image-receiving sheet.
  • the image-receiving sheet may be a paper but if necessary a synthetic resin film, a metal plate or a cloth may be used.
  • the heating may be conducted by inserting the intermediate sheet or an assembly of the intermediate sheet and the image-receiving sheet between heating plates or may be conducted by infrared heating. In any cases of heating, the transferable material in the powdered developer is transferred from the intermediate sheet to the image-receiving sheet.
  • the transferable material is transferred from the surface layer to the image-receiving sheet and since the transferable material has a thermoadhesive property as mentioned above, if thus trans ferred image is immediately developed by a powdered developer, the powder is attached to the image portions owing to the tackiness of the transferable material at the image portion to provide an image.
  • the developing powders used for developing the imagereceiving sheet may be any fine powders of a material capable of being attached to the transferable material in its adhesive state.
  • they may be prepared by dispersing an inorganic pigment such as basic lead carbonate, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, titanium trioxide, iron oxides, cadmium sulfide, basic potassium chromate, molybdenum orange, cadmium yellow, chromium green, ultramarine blue, and cobalt blue; carbonaceous materials such as carbon black and asphalt powders; or organic pigment such as benzidine yellow, indigo and alizarin in a heat-softenable resin such as phenol-formaldehyde resin, in eutectic mixture of a chlorinated naphthalene and polystyrene, or a copolymer of vinyl chloride and -vinly acetate, and then after being solidified the mixture is granulated into 0.1 to 50 microns by suitable means.
  • a toner which is usually used
  • the pigment is dispersed in the hydrophobic resin and in the case where the resin is thermoplastic, the thus developed image may be fixed by heating or by exposure in the vapor of acetone, chloroform, benzene or trichloroethylene.
  • the powdered developer for developing the image-receiving sheet in this invention may be a powdered developer coated with a surface active agent or mixed powders of the powdered developer and the powder of a solid surface active agent.
  • the surface active agent may be one usually used as wetting agent.
  • the amount of the surface active agent may be optionally selected according to the kind of it, but generally about 10 -10 molecules, in particular 10 10 per 1 sq. cm. of the surface area of the powdered developer is preferable.
  • Such a powdered developer containing the surface active agent has a high attaching power to the transferable material and by using it, the contrast of the image of an original to be reproduced can be increased.
  • the above-mentioned transfer of the transferable material from the intermediate sheet to the image-receiving sheet can be repeated as many as twenty times about one intermediate original sheet.
  • EXAMPLE 1 An original printed by printing ink containing usual printing ink oil such as linseed oil was placed on usual tracing paper and heated by infrared radiations to transfer the printing ink image to the tracing paper by evaporation.
  • usual printing ink oil such as linseed oil
  • the thus transferred oil latent image was developed by a developing powder for developing intermediate sheet.
  • the developing powder was prepared by the following procedure:
  • a homogeneous mixture of 20 g. of the powder of henzoic acid and 1 g. of carbon black was melted by heating to C. After thoroughly stirring the molten mixture, the mixture was solidified by cooling to room temperature and then granular-ted into granules of less than 400 nlileshes to provide the developing powder for intermediate s eet.
  • the tracing paper i.e. the intermediate sheet
  • the intermediate sheet was heated by the irradiation of infrared rays to fix the image and to provide the intermediate (refiected image).
  • the image-receiving sheet having the thus transferred latent image was powder developed using the powder developer which had been prepared by melting a mixture of 80 par-ts of polystyrene, parts of phenol-formaldehyde resin, and 10 parts of carbon black and then grinding the solidified mixture into granules of -25 microns in average grain size, and then fixed in a trichloroethylene vapor.
  • EXAMPLE 2 The oil latent image which had been transferred as in Example 1 to a tracing paper was developed by the powder developer which had been prepared by melting a mixture of g. of vanilline and 1 g. of carbon black by heating to 100 C., solidifying the mixture by cooling to room temperature, and grinding into less than 400 meshes. After fixing this obtained image by the method described in Example 1, the image was transferred to an image-receiving sheet and developed by powder developer as in Example 1. By repeating the procedure, several tens copies were obtained from one intermediate sheet (tracing paper).
  • EXAMPLE 3 The procedure as in Example 1 was repeated using as a powdered developed for intermediate original sheet the developer which had been prepared by heating a homogeneous mixture of 20 g. of the powder of a plasticizer, Santisizer 9 (made by Monsanto Chemical Co.) and 1 g. of carbon black by heating the mixture to 110 C. and, after cooling, grinding into less than 400 meshes.
  • EXAMPLE 4 Onto an original was sprayed a 20% acetone solution of dimethylphthalate and the original was placed on a tracing paper followed by exposure in infrared radiations. By adjusting the exposure, the temperature of the areas corresponding to the characters on the original reached the boiling point of the oil whereby the oil at only the areas was evaporatetd and transferred to the tracing paper. Thus transferred latent image on the tracing paper was developed using any one of the powder developer for intermediate sheet in Examples 1, 2 or 3 and thereafter thus developed tracing paper was processed as in Example 1 to provide many copies.
  • EXAMPLE 5 An original was placed on a tracing paper inserting a thin paper impregnated with glycerine tributylate between them and they are exposed to infrared radiations. The oil at the positions corresponding to the characters of the original was evaporated and transferred to the tracing paper to provide an image, which was developed by any of the powdered developer for intermediate sheet as in Examples 1, 2 or 3. Thus developed tracing paper was processed as in Example 1 to provide many copies.
  • Example 1 The temperature of the areas corresponding to the characters on the original was increased and the capsules there were broken whereby a latent image of the oily material was formed on the tracing paper.
  • the thus obtained latent image was developed by any of the powdered developer for intermediate original sheet as in Examples 1, 2 and 3 and then the thus developed tracing paper was processed as in Example 1 to provide many copies.
  • thermoadhesive material which had been formed on the image-receiving sheets by the methods in Examples 1-5 were developed each using the below-stated powdered developers.
  • a kneaded mixture of parts by weight of polyester, 10 parts of phenol-formaldehyde resin, and 10 parts of carbon black was ground into granules of 15-25 microns in average grain size.
  • powder developer (10 g.) was added with stirring thoroughly into ml. of a 0.75% aqueous solution of sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate (average chain length of alkyl radical is 12.6) and, after drying in a vacuum, was ground into granules of 88 microns in grain size.
  • the developer is called Surfactant-treated powdered developer A.
  • the density of the image was improved as compared with that of the image obtained by using the developing powder without the treatment with the surface active agent as shown in the following table.
  • a process for making reproductions comprising: forming on a support an oil latent image of an original such that the image is the reflected image of the original,
  • thermoadhesive material having in the temperature range 70C.- C., a tackifying point at which it becomes adhesive and adhesive when reduced in temperature below its tackifying point, transferring the thus developed image to an image-receiving sheet by heating, and then subjecting the transferred image on the receiving sheet to powder development.
  • thermoadhesive material having thermoadhesive property is selected from benzoic acid, sebacic acid, phthalic anhydride, cinnamic acid, maleic anhydride, benzotriazole, p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, benzoin,
  • dextrose, acetanilide, vanilline, methylhydroquinone, 2,4- dihydroxybenzophenone, and B-naphthol dextrose, acetanilide, vanilline, methylhydroquinone, 2,4- dihydroxybenzophenone, and B-naphthol.
  • said surface active agent is selected from succinic acid, alkylester sulfonate, alkylbenzene sulfonate, sorbitan alkyl ester, long-chain quaternary ammonium salt, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkyl ester.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Thermal Transfer Or Thermal Recording In General (AREA)
  • Color Printing (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
US555005A 1965-06-05 1966-06-03 Reproduction process Expired - Lifetime US3444809A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3294365 1965-06-05

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US3444809A true US3444809A (en) 1969-05-20

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BE (1) BE682044A (cs)
GB (1) GB1121218A (cs)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3911160A (en) * 1974-03-19 1975-10-07 Shamrock Chemicals Corp Method of using resin powders to cure solvent-free inks
US4046505A (en) * 1968-04-08 1977-09-06 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Post dyeing resin particles fixed to resin base
US4243700A (en) * 1978-02-21 1981-01-06 Western Electric Company, Inc. Method of rendering an ink strippable
US4366188A (en) * 1973-07-09 1982-12-28 Moore Business Forms, Inc. Method of employing encapsulated material
US4943816A (en) * 1989-06-14 1990-07-24 International Business Machines Corporation High quality thermal jet printer configuration suitable for producing color images

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1927290A (en) * 1932-04-13 1933-09-19 Herbert W Lamb Method of preparing show cards
US2268890A (en) * 1939-03-31 1942-01-06 Jr Walter A Mortensen Printed matter for blind reading and method of producing the same
US3170395A (en) * 1962-04-04 1965-02-23 Xerox Corp Duplicating
GB991599A (en) * 1959-02-11 1965-05-12 Imagic Process Ltd Improvements relating to reproduction processes
US3260612A (en) * 1961-07-14 1966-07-12 Eastman Kodak Co Thermographic recording process and heat-sensitive elements therefor
US3265522A (en) * 1962-01-25 1966-08-09 Imagic Ltd Method and apparatus for developing latent images
US3364858A (en) * 1963-09-20 1968-01-23 Konishiroku Photo Ind Method for the preparation of an offset printing master

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1927290A (en) * 1932-04-13 1933-09-19 Herbert W Lamb Method of preparing show cards
US2268890A (en) * 1939-03-31 1942-01-06 Jr Walter A Mortensen Printed matter for blind reading and method of producing the same
GB991599A (en) * 1959-02-11 1965-05-12 Imagic Process Ltd Improvements relating to reproduction processes
US3260612A (en) * 1961-07-14 1966-07-12 Eastman Kodak Co Thermographic recording process and heat-sensitive elements therefor
US3265522A (en) * 1962-01-25 1966-08-09 Imagic Ltd Method and apparatus for developing latent images
US3170395A (en) * 1962-04-04 1965-02-23 Xerox Corp Duplicating
US3364858A (en) * 1963-09-20 1968-01-23 Konishiroku Photo Ind Method for the preparation of an offset printing master

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4046505A (en) * 1968-04-08 1977-09-06 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Post dyeing resin particles fixed to resin base
US4366188A (en) * 1973-07-09 1982-12-28 Moore Business Forms, Inc. Method of employing encapsulated material
US3911160A (en) * 1974-03-19 1975-10-07 Shamrock Chemicals Corp Method of using resin powders to cure solvent-free inks
US4243700A (en) * 1978-02-21 1981-01-06 Western Electric Company, Inc. Method of rendering an ink strippable
US4943816A (en) * 1989-06-14 1990-07-24 International Business Machines Corporation High quality thermal jet printer configuration suitable for producing color images

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE682044A (cs) 1966-11-14
DE1571835B1 (de) 1972-10-05
GB1121218A (en) 1968-07-24

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