US3443051A - Apparatus for heating meterial by means of microwave device - Google Patents

Apparatus for heating meterial by means of microwave device Download PDF

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US3443051A
US3443051A US567600A US3443051DA US3443051A US 3443051 A US3443051 A US 3443051A US 567600 A US567600 A US 567600A US 3443051D A US3443051D A US 3443051DA US 3443051 A US3443051 A US 3443051A
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microwave
hollow guide
microwave device
boom
rock
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Herbert August Puschner
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
    • E21C37/18—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by electricity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
    • B02C19/186—Use of cold or heat for disintegrating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/80—Apparatus for specific applications

Definitions

  • the invention relates to apparatus for heating material by means of a microwave device, more particularly for the thermal breaking of rock and ore in the electromagnetic radiation field of an applied wave.
  • the electromagnetic energy has to be transferred to the material by means of hollow lines, the aperture of which has to be provided directly at the rock in order that the desired thermal wedge forms, the thermal stresses of which split the rock.
  • the necessary mutual ad'justability of the microwave device and the material to be treated is not given with the known arrangements.
  • the invention consists in an apparatus for heating material by means of microwave energy comprising a microwave device having a microwave generator, a cooling device for the generator and a hollow guide radiator for directing the microwave energy onto the material to be heated, the microwave device being mounted on the boom of a crane whereby to enable application of microwave energy from its hollow guide radiator to the material to be heated.
  • This movable apparatus With this movable apparatus, even blocks lying at the edge of a rock field can be reached.
  • This device is also suitable for the thermal blasting of concrete roads and rock walls in quarries.
  • a great advantage of the apparatus of the invention is that the hollow guide radiator from the microwave generator to the radiation aperture can be very short, so that the transmission losses occurring in the guide, which impair the overall efficiency, remain small.
  • another advantage is that the microwave device, which is suspended on the boom above the region being worked, is not endangered when heavy stone pieces break apart.
  • thermal wedges can be created in oppositely disposed sides of a block, which considerably accelerate the splitting, if for example with stratified stone they are applied to a growth boundary or a vein.
  • FIG. 1a and FIG. lb are perspective views of an apparatus according to the invention, having a single hollow guide radiator;
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary view of another embodiment of the apparatus, with two hollow guide radiators.
  • a microwave device 1 comprising a hollow guide radiator 2, a microwave generator 3 and a cooling device 4- for the generator 3, with these parts enclosed by a sheet metal housing 5 is suspended on a running carriage 6 which is displaceable along a boom 7 of a crane.
  • the microwave device 1 can in addition be displaced vertically by drive means 8.
  • the boom is mounted on a turntable 9 on which, in addition to an electricmotor-operated lifting and rotating mechanism 10, an electric current supply device 11 and an operators cabin 12 with a transparent top 13 are disposed as counterweight.
  • the turntable 9 is rotatably mounted on the chassis 14- of a motor vehicle 15.
  • the microwave generator 3 is fed from the electric current supply device 11 through a cable 16 and the current supply device 11 is connected to the mains 17 through a heavy current cable 18 which is arranged on a mobile cable drum 19.
  • Monitoring lines 20, for example a transmission cable 21 of a television camera 22 run from the microwave device 1 to the operators cabin 12.
  • a rotary coupling 24 and a flexible hollow guide piece 25 are inserted in order to enable the hollow guide radiator 2 to rock and turn.
  • the microwave energy is transmitted to the stone block 27 which lies within the quarry field 28, 29, 30', 31 at the radiation aperture 26.
  • the block 31 is illustrated as already split.
  • FIG. 2 shows the microwave device 32 with two hollow guide radiators 33, 34, two microwave generators 35, 36 and a single cooling device 37 for the generators.
  • the microwave energy is transmitted from the radiation openings 38, 3-9 onto the two oppositely disposed sides of the block 40.
  • FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 can be operated from the operators cabin on the turntable, with the aid of electric drive means, by only one man. It is therefore particularly economical in use.
  • the events taking place in the immediate vicinity of the radiation aperture can be picked up by a television camera 41 (FIG. 1) and displayed in the operators cabin on the screen of a television device 42, in order for example with long boom, to be able to better follow the application of the radiator and the formation of a rift in the rock, during the irradiation time.
  • the radiation aperture In order that no substantial losses of radiation by dispersion occur, the radiation aperture must be disposed directly at the surface of the block being worked on. Due to the uneven rook surface, the hollow guide radiator must be movable in order that the aperture can be brought into the necessary position. The mobility necessary for this is given to the radiator by the short, flexible hollow guide piece 25 and the rotary coupling 24.
  • the radiator is provided with a resilient mounting.
  • An apparatus for heating material by means of microwave energy comprising a microwave device having a microwave generator, a crane having a movable boom, a cooling device for the generator and a hollow guide radiator for directing the microwave energy onto the material to be heated, the microwave device being mounted on said boom whereby to enable application of its hollow guide radiator to the material to be heated.
  • An apparatus comprising a carriage mounted on the crane boom for movement therealong, the microwave device being mounted on the carriage.
  • An apparatus comprising a visual monitoring device disposed at an operating position of the vehicle, for indicating the relative disposition of the radiation aperture and the material to be treated, said monitoring device being connected to an appropriate transmitter at the boom head.
  • An apparatus wherein the crane has a turntable and an electric current supply device for the microwave device is disposed on the turntable as a countenweight for the boom and for the microwave device provided on the end of the boom.
  • microwave device has at least one hollow guide radiator which is rotatable about its longitudinal axis.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Description

May 6, 1969 H. A. PUSCHNER APPARATUS FOR HEATING MATERIAL BY MEANS OF MICROWAVE DEVICE Filed July 25, 1966 INVENTOR.
United States Patent Int. Cl. 1105b 9/06 US. Cl. 219-10.55 9 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A crane is fitted with a microwave system on the end of an adjustable boom for applying microwave energy to rock material to break apart the rock material.
The invention relates to apparatus for heating material by means of a microwave device, more particularly for the thermal breaking of rock and ore in the electromagnetic radiation field of an applied wave.
(It is known to cleave large blocks of rock and ore, for the purpose of subsequent comminution, by electric high frequency fields in the frequency region of 100 lc./s. to 3 gc./s. This method has the disadvantage that for producing the electric field, electrodes lying at a high potential have to be used. Moreover, there is a high degree of wear on the electrode material.
The observation underlying the invention is that electrically poorly conductive rock, for example, limestone, can only be rapidly heated in an electromagnetic radiation field above 300 megacycles per second. The known microwave devices are however unsuited for being use-d at rock Sites.
The electromagnetic energy has to be transferred to the material by means of hollow lines, the aperture of which has to be provided directly at the rock in order that the desired thermal wedge forms, the thermal stresses of which split the rock. The necessary mutual ad'justability of the microwave device and the material to be treated is not given with the known arrangements.
The invention consists in an apparatus for heating material by means of microwave energy comprising a microwave device having a microwave generator, a cooling device for the generator and a hollow guide radiator for directing the microwave energy onto the material to be heated, the microwave device being mounted on the boom of a crane whereby to enable application of microwave energy from its hollow guide radiator to the material to be heated.
With this movable apparatus, even blocks lying at the edge of a rock field can be reached. This device is also suitable for the thermal blasting of concrete roads and rock walls in quarries. A great advantage of the apparatus of the invention is that the hollow guide radiator from the microwave generator to the radiation aperture can be very short, so that the transmission losses occurring in the guide, which impair the overall efficiency, remain small. Moreover, another advantage is that the microwave device, which is suspended on the boom above the region being worked, is not endangered when heavy stone pieces break apart.
If two hollow guide radiators are provided, the apertures of which are spaced from each other by one to two metres, thermal wedges can be created in oppositely disposed sides of a block, which considerably accelerate the splitting, if for example with stratified stone they are applied to a growth boundary or a vein.
-In order to make the invention clearly understood, ref- "Ice erence will now be made to the accompanying drawings which are given by way of example and in which:
FIG. 1a and FIG. lb are perspective views of an apparatus according to the invention, having a single hollow guide radiator; and
FIG. 2 is a fragmentary view of another embodiment of the apparatus, with two hollow guide radiators.
In FIG. 1 a microwave device 1, comprising a hollow guide radiator 2, a microwave generator 3 and a cooling device 4- for the generator 3, with these parts enclosed by a sheet metal housing 5 is suspended on a running carriage 6 which is displaceable along a boom 7 of a crane. The microwave device 1 can in addition be displaced vertically by drive means 8. The boom is mounted on a turntable 9 on which, in addition to an electricmotor-operated lifting and rotating mechanism 10, an electric current supply device 11 and an operators cabin 12 with a transparent top 13 are disposed as counterweight. The turntable 9 is rotatably mounted on the chassis 14- of a motor vehicle 15. The microwave generator 3 is fed from the electric current supply device 11 through a cable 16 and the current supply device 11 is connected to the mains 17 through a heavy current cable 18 which is arranged on a mobile cable drum 19. Monitoring lines 20, for example a transmission cable 21 of a television camera 22 run from the microwave device 1 to the operators cabin 12. In the hollow guide 23 coming from the microwave generator 3, a rotary coupling 24 and a flexible hollow guide piece 25 are inserted in order to enable the hollow guide radiator 2 to rock and turn. The microwave energy is transmitted to the stone block 27 which lies within the quarry field 28, 29, 30', 31 at the radiation aperture 26. The block 31 is illustrated as already split.
The arrangement of FIG. 2 is generally similar to that of FIG. 1, but FIG. 2 shows the microwave device 32 with two hollow guide radiators 33, 34, two microwave generators 35, 36 and a single cooling device 37 for the generators. The microwave energy is transmitted from the radiation openings 38, 3-9 onto the two oppositely disposed sides of the block 40.
The arrangement of FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 can be operated from the operators cabin on the turntable, with the aid of electric drive means, by only one man. It is therefore particularly economical in use. The events taking place in the immediate vicinity of the radiation aperture can be picked up by a television camera 41 (FIG. 1) and displayed in the operators cabin on the screen of a television device 42, in order for example with long boom, to be able to better follow the application of the radiator and the formation of a rift in the rock, during the irradiation time. In order that no substantial losses of radiation by dispersion occur, the radiation aperture must be disposed directly at the surface of the block being worked on. Due to the uneven rook surface, the hollow guide radiator must be movable in order that the aperture can be brought into the necessary position. The mobility necessary for this is given to the radiator by the short, flexible hollow guide piece 25 and the rotary coupling 24. In order to avoid heavy shocks on application, the radiator is provided with a resilient mounting.
I claim:
1. An apparatus for heating material by means of microwave energy comprising a microwave device having a microwave generator, a crane having a movable boom, a cooling device for the generator and a hollow guide radiator for directing the microwave energy onto the material to be heated, the microwave device being mounted on said boom whereby to enable application of its hollow guide radiator to the material to be heated.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, comprising a carriage mounted on the crane boom for movement therealong, the microwave device being mounted on the carriage.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the crane boom is a telescopic articulated boom and the microwave device is mounted at its end.
4. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the crane is a rotary crane and is arranged on a mobile vehicle.
5. An apparatus according to claim 4, comprising a visual monitoring device disposed at an operating position of the vehicle, for indicating the relative disposition of the radiation aperture and the material to be treated, said monitoring device being connected to an appropriate transmitter at the boom head.
6. An apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the crane has a turntable and an electric current supply device for the microwave device is disposed on the turntable as a countenweight for the boom and for the microwave device provided on the end of the boom.
7. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the microwave device has at least one hollow guide radiator which is rotatable about its longitudinal axis.
8. An apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the hollow guide radiator is displaceable in the direction of its longitudinal axis.
9. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hollow guide radiator has a flexible portion.
References Cited RICHARD M. YVOOD, Primary Examiner. L. H. BENDER, Assistant Examiner.
US. Cl X.'R. 219-1057
US567600A 1965-07-23 1966-07-25 Apparatus for heating meterial by means of microwave device Expired - Lifetime US3443051A (en)

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DEA49839A DE1286485B (en) 1965-07-23 1965-07-23 Device for thermal crushing of rock and ore in an electromagnetic radiation field

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AT (1) AT274634B (en)
BE (1) BE684370A (en)
CH (1) CH451054A (en)
DE (1) DE1286485B (en)
ES (1) ES329394A1 (en)
FR (1) FR1601729A (en)
GB (1) GB1132755A (en)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3601448A (en) * 1969-04-21 1971-08-24 Gas Dev Corp Method for fracturing concrete and other materials with microwave energy
US3614163A (en) * 1969-07-30 1971-10-19 Inst Gas Technology Low noise process for breaking pavement which relies upon reflected tensile pulses to fracture the pavement
US3824718A (en) * 1973-04-02 1974-07-23 L Nekrasov Excavator bucket with electromagnetic field weakening teeth
US4092800A (en) * 1973-09-24 1978-06-06 Phytox Corporation Vegetation control
US4339648A (en) * 1976-11-17 1982-07-13 Jean Olivier A L Process and apparatus for subjecting a material to electromagnetic waves
US4376598A (en) * 1981-04-06 1983-03-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy In-situ vitrification of soil
WO1984003021A1 (en) * 1983-01-25 1984-08-02 Deryck Brandon Apparatus and method for heating, thawing and/or demoisturizing materials and/or objects
US4565913A (en) * 1983-08-02 1986-01-21 Komatsu Electronic Metals Co., Ltd. Method for the disintegration of silicon for semiconductor
WO1988009712A1 (en) * 1987-06-12 1988-12-15 Teroson Gmbh Process and device for at least partial hardening of sealants and adhesives
US5003144A (en) * 1990-04-09 1991-03-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Microwave assisted hard rock cutting
US5481092A (en) * 1994-12-02 1996-01-02 Westmeyer; Paul A. Microwave energy generation device used to facilitate removal of concrete from a metal container
US5607711A (en) * 1995-11-01 1997-03-04 The Regents Of The University Of California Method of controlling insects and mites with pulsed ultraviolet light
US5635143A (en) * 1994-09-30 1997-06-03 Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. Mobile system for microwave removal of concrete surfaces
US5664911A (en) * 1991-05-03 1997-09-09 Iit Research Institute Method and apparatus for in situ decontamination of a site contaminated with a volatile material
US5968401A (en) * 1989-09-18 1999-10-19 Roy; Stephen Microwave radiation insect exterminator
US6114676A (en) * 1999-01-19 2000-09-05 Ramut University Authority For Applied Research And Industrial Development Ltd. Method and device for drilling, cutting, nailing and joining solid non-conductive materials using microwave radiation
US6329136B1 (en) 1998-10-30 2001-12-11 The Regents Of The University Of California Method for laser inactivation of infectious agents
WO2008011729A1 (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-01-31 Mcgill University Electromagnetic energy assisted drilling system and method
US20110168164A1 (en) * 2010-01-08 2011-07-14 Zillmer Andrew J In situ regolith gas recovery system
CN107218054A (en) * 2017-08-01 2017-09-29 贵阳市城市轨道交通有限公司 Microwave rock fragmenting servicing unit and compound cantilever excavator
CN112829088A (en) * 2021-02-22 2021-05-25 西安建筑科技大学 Cradle type microwave crushing tunnel lining dismantling equipment and method
CN113622917A (en) * 2021-07-26 2021-11-09 中南大学 Deep high-stress tunnel surrounding rock microwave pressure relief method
CN116378659A (en) * 2023-03-28 2023-07-04 长春工程学院 Microwave heating and water cooling combined fracturing induced caving mining method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2006021225A1 (en) * 2004-08-24 2006-03-02 Hartwig Pollinger Method and device for the treatment of cork oaks
CN111676847B (en) * 2020-06-23 2024-08-16 西安建筑科技大学 Microwave crushing device, equipment and method for crushing large-diameter pile head by microwaves

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2308860A (en) * 1940-11-23 1943-01-19 Malcolm S Clark Means of drilling rock, concrete, and the like
US2685930A (en) * 1948-08-12 1954-08-10 Union Oil Co Oil well production process
US2757738A (en) * 1948-09-20 1956-08-07 Union Oil Co Radiation heating
US2859952A (en) * 1951-09-08 1958-11-11 Armco Steel Corp Mining of taconite ores using high frequency magnetic energy
US3210510A (en) * 1962-12-31 1965-10-05 Int Harvester Co Inductor with anti-jam feature
US3251975A (en) * 1962-07-28 1966-05-17 Philips Corp Electrode for high frequency heating
US3261959A (en) * 1962-02-20 1966-07-19 F H Peavey & Company Apparatus for treatment of ore

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2308860A (en) * 1940-11-23 1943-01-19 Malcolm S Clark Means of drilling rock, concrete, and the like
US2685930A (en) * 1948-08-12 1954-08-10 Union Oil Co Oil well production process
US2757738A (en) * 1948-09-20 1956-08-07 Union Oil Co Radiation heating
US2859952A (en) * 1951-09-08 1958-11-11 Armco Steel Corp Mining of taconite ores using high frequency magnetic energy
US3261959A (en) * 1962-02-20 1966-07-19 F H Peavey & Company Apparatus for treatment of ore
US3251975A (en) * 1962-07-28 1966-05-17 Philips Corp Electrode for high frequency heating
US3210510A (en) * 1962-12-31 1965-10-05 Int Harvester Co Inductor with anti-jam feature

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3601448A (en) * 1969-04-21 1971-08-24 Gas Dev Corp Method for fracturing concrete and other materials with microwave energy
US3614163A (en) * 1969-07-30 1971-10-19 Inst Gas Technology Low noise process for breaking pavement which relies upon reflected tensile pulses to fracture the pavement
US3824718A (en) * 1973-04-02 1974-07-23 L Nekrasov Excavator bucket with electromagnetic field weakening teeth
US4092800A (en) * 1973-09-24 1978-06-06 Phytox Corporation Vegetation control
US4339648A (en) * 1976-11-17 1982-07-13 Jean Olivier A L Process and apparatus for subjecting a material to electromagnetic waves
US4376598A (en) * 1981-04-06 1983-03-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy In-situ vitrification of soil
WO1984003021A1 (en) * 1983-01-25 1984-08-02 Deryck Brandon Apparatus and method for heating, thawing and/or demoisturizing materials and/or objects
US4565913A (en) * 1983-08-02 1986-01-21 Komatsu Electronic Metals Co., Ltd. Method for the disintegration of silicon for semiconductor
WO1988009712A1 (en) * 1987-06-12 1988-12-15 Teroson Gmbh Process and device for at least partial hardening of sealants and adhesives
US5064494A (en) * 1987-06-12 1991-11-12 Teroson G.M.B.H. Process for the at least partial curing of sealants and adhesives using pulsed microwave energy
US5968401A (en) * 1989-09-18 1999-10-19 Roy; Stephen Microwave radiation insect exterminator
US5003144A (en) * 1990-04-09 1991-03-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior Microwave assisted hard rock cutting
US5664911A (en) * 1991-05-03 1997-09-09 Iit Research Institute Method and apparatus for in situ decontamination of a site contaminated with a volatile material
US5635143A (en) * 1994-09-30 1997-06-03 Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. Mobile system for microwave removal of concrete surfaces
US5481092A (en) * 1994-12-02 1996-01-02 Westmeyer; Paul A. Microwave energy generation device used to facilitate removal of concrete from a metal container
US5607711A (en) * 1995-11-01 1997-03-04 The Regents Of The University Of California Method of controlling insects and mites with pulsed ultraviolet light
US6329136B1 (en) 1998-10-30 2001-12-11 The Regents Of The University Of California Method for laser inactivation of infectious agents
US6114676A (en) * 1999-01-19 2000-09-05 Ramut University Authority For Applied Research And Industrial Development Ltd. Method and device for drilling, cutting, nailing and joining solid non-conductive materials using microwave radiation
WO2008011729A1 (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-01-31 Mcgill University Electromagnetic energy assisted drilling system and method
US20090321132A1 (en) * 2006-07-28 2009-12-31 Mcgill University Electromagnetic energy assisted drilling system and method
US8550182B2 (en) * 2006-07-28 2013-10-08 Mcgill University Electromagnetic energy assisted drilling system and method
US20110168164A1 (en) * 2010-01-08 2011-07-14 Zillmer Andrew J In situ regolith gas recovery system
CN107218054A (en) * 2017-08-01 2017-09-29 贵阳市城市轨道交通有限公司 Microwave rock fragmenting servicing unit and compound cantilever excavator
CN112829088A (en) * 2021-02-22 2021-05-25 西安建筑科技大学 Cradle type microwave crushing tunnel lining dismantling equipment and method
CN113622917A (en) * 2021-07-26 2021-11-09 中南大学 Deep high-stress tunnel surrounding rock microwave pressure relief method
CN116378659A (en) * 2023-03-28 2023-07-04 长春工程学院 Microwave heating and water cooling combined fracturing induced caving mining method

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Publication number Publication date
DE1286485B (en) 1969-01-09
CH451054A (en) 1968-05-15
AT274634B (en) 1969-09-25
FR1601729A (en) 1970-09-14
BE684370A (en) 1967-01-03
ES329394A1 (en) 1967-05-16
GB1132755A (en) 1968-11-06

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