US3433300A - Heat exchangers and the method of making same - Google Patents

Heat exchangers and the method of making same Download PDF

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US3433300A
US3433300A US576599A US3433300DA US3433300A US 3433300 A US3433300 A US 3433300A US 576599 A US576599 A US 576599A US 3433300D A US3433300D A US 3433300DA US 3433300 A US3433300 A US 3433300A
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Prior art keywords
entry
tubing
fins
slots
portions
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US576599A
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English (en)
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Stephen F Pasternak
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Peerless of America Inc
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Peerless of America Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/22—Making finned or ribbed tubes by fixing strip or like material to tubes
    • B21C37/24—Making finned or ribbed tubes by fixing strip or like material to tubes annularly-ribbed tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
    • B21D53/08—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of both metal tubes and sheet metal
    • B21D53/085—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers of both metal tubes and sheet metal with fins places on zig-zag tubes or parallel tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0477—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being bent in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/12—Fins with U-shaped slots for laterally inserting conduits
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/454—Heat exchange having side-by-side conduits structure or conduit section
    • Y10S165/495—Single unitary conduit structure bent to form flow path with side-by-side sections
    • Y10S165/497—Serpentine flow path with straight side-by-side sections
    • Y10S165/498—Fin assembly extends across side-by-side sections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49377—Tube with heat transfer means
    • Y10T29/49378—Finned tube
    • Y10T29/4938—Common fin traverses plurality of tubes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a heat exchanger and a primary object is to afford a novel fin and tube heat exchanger.
  • Another object of the present invention is to enable a novel heat exchanger of the cross-fin type to be afforded in a novel and expeditious manner.
  • the cross-fin type of heat exchangers commonly used in the refrigeration and air conditioning fields have been of two types, namely, the plate-fin type and the side-entry type.
  • the tubing forming the coil portion of the heat exchangers has been inserted longitudinally through openings formed in the cross-fins of the heat exchanger in inwardly spaced relation to the marginal edges thereof.
  • the tubing in such heat exchangers is normally disposed in a serpentine pattern with substantially straight parallel passes of the tubing interconnected at their ends by return bends. Commonly, the return bends of such heat exchangers are soldered to the ends of the respective passes interconnected thereby.
  • the openings in which the tubing is mounted may have a continuous side wall, so that the tubing mounted therein may be connected to, or engaged with the fin along the entire outer periphery of the tubing.
  • the cross fins thereof have slots formed in the marginal edge portions thereof and the tubing is inserted transversely into the slots.
  • tubing inserted into the slots cannot have contact with the cross fins throughout the entire outer periphery of the tubing, the peripheral contact being reduced at least by the width of the slot through which the tubing is inserted into the fins.
  • Such expansion of the tubing serves two purposes, namely, to interlock the cross fins and tubing against removal from each other, and to engage the tubing with the side walls of the body portions.
  • the plate-fin type of heat exchanger has been the more efficient of the two types.
  • the tubing affording the coil thereof is inserted longitudinally into openings in the plate-fins.
  • the tubing and the openings in the fins may be of such size that in the asakited States Patent f 3,433,300 Patented Mar. 18, 1969 bly of the heat exchanger they may be forced together with a force fit, or, after being installed in the openings the tubing may be expanded into firm engagement with the side walls of the openings.
  • the slots in the aforementioned sideentry type heat exchangers heretofore known in the art have commonly been constructed with narrower entry portions extending from the marginal edge of the fin into enlarged body portions.
  • tubes having such a normal outside diameter that they may be inserted transversely through the entry portion into the body portion of the slots have been used, the tubes being expanded beyond their normal size into engagement with the side walls of the body portion after insertion thereinto.
  • tubes have been deformed in a direction to permit entry through the entry portions of such slots heretofore known in the art and, after insertion through the entry portion into the body portion have been expanded back into their normal shape, or into an enlarged shape and size, so as to engage the side Walls of the aforementioned body portions and interlock the tubes and cross-fins against transverse removal of the tubing from the cross-fins.
  • plate fins embodying round opening having a continuous side Wall portion have several inherent disadvantages, such as, for example, being somewhat difiicult to assemble; and being impossible to fabricate using a continu ous integral serpentine tube, it being necessary to solder, or otherwise connect, the return bends to the passes of the tubes extending through the fin after the fins have been mounted on the passes.
  • Another object of the present invention is to enable the disparity between the efiiciency of heat transfer between tube of the same size and fins of the plate-type and sideentry type to be reduced to a substantially negligible amount.
  • the width of the entry portion of the slots be a substantial portion of the ultimate length of contact between the tubes and the side wall of the body portion of the slot in which the tube is mounted; and the external force which it is necessary to apply to the tubing in order to expand it into the body portion of the slots is substantial.
  • the fins thereof have a thickness in the nature of .006", and are commonly spaced from each other at the rate of ten to sixteen fins per inch.
  • such fin structures do not have the requisite structural strength to withstand the external forces necessary to expand the tubular members in the body portions of the slots in the aforementioned manner; and the cross fins in such units are so closely spaced that it is impractical to insert a comb or other suitable tool therebetween for withstanding the aforementioned external forces.
  • Another object is to enable tubing to be expanded into firm engagement with the side walls of side-entry slots without danger of rupturing the return bends thereof.
  • Another object of the present invention is to enable a side-entry type heat exchanger to be afforded wherein firm contact, affording good heat transfer between the tubing and cross fins, is afforded throughout the entire length of the side wall of the body portion of each of the side-entry slots.
  • the entry portions of the side-entry slots were of such width that it was substantially impossible, as a practical matter, to afford a staggered-type of coil arrangement, with three or more coils, because of the loss in secondary heat transfer surface, and the loss of structural strength in the cross-fins.
  • Another object is to enable to be afforded a novel sideentry type heat exchanger having three, or more, rows of coils, wherein the entry portions of the adjacent slots thereof are so narrow that the loss in secondary heat transfer surface and in structural strength is substantially insignificant in comparison to plate-fin type of heat exchangers of comparable tube size and construction.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to enable a novel side-entry heat exchanger to be afforded wherein the entry portion of the side-entry slots thereof is substantially smaller than the entry portion of side-entry slots heretofore known in the art.
  • a further object of the present invention is to enable a novel side-entry type heat exchanger to be afforded wherein the entry portion of each of the side-entry slots thereof is little greater in Width than the thickness of a tube to be mounted in the slot would be if the tube were completely flattened.
  • Another object of the present invention is to enable a novel heat exchanger of the aforementioned type to be afforded wherein it is unnecessary to secure the cross fins thereof to the coils thereof by soldering, or the like, in order to afford good heat transfer between the fins and tubing.
  • Another object of the present invention is to afford a novel side-entry type heat exchanger which is practical and efficient in operation, and which may be readily and economically produced commercially.
  • a further feature is to provide a particular method of making a side-entry heat exchanger, and which method is practical and efficient, and may be readily used commercially.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a heat exchanger embodying the principles of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary, detail sectional view, somewhat diagrammatic in form, taken substantially along the line 22 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged, fragmentary, detail sectional view taken substantially along the line 3-3 in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged, fragmentary, detail sectional view of a portion of the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 2, showing the heat exchanger in an early stage of assembly;
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to FIG. 4, but showing the heat exchanger in a later stage of assembly
  • FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5, but showing the heat exchanger in a later stage of assembly
  • FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 6, but showing the heat exchanger in a later stage of assembly
  • FIG. 8 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 7, but showing the heat exchanger in its completed form of assembly, as shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 9 is a detail sectional view similar to FIG. 2, but showing a modified form of the heat exchanger assembly.
  • FIGS. 1 to 8 of the drawings A heat exchanger 1, embodying the principles of the present invention, is shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 of the drawings to illustrate the presently preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the heat exchanger 1 embodies, in general, a one-piece tubular coil 2 having a plurality of closely spaced cross fins 3 mounted thereon, FIG. 1.
  • the cross fins 3 are of the side-entry type, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • Each fin 3 is rectangular in shape and embodies a plurality of identical side-entry slots 4 disposed in spaced relation to each other in the respective longitudinal marginal edge portions 5 and 6 thereof, FIG. 2.
  • Each of the slots 4 has an entry portion 7 which extends inwardly from a respective longitudinal marginal edge of the respective fins 3, and an enlarged body portion 8 in communication with the inner end of the side-entry portion 7 and extending inwardly therefrom.
  • the slots 4 are preferably so disposed in each of the fins 3 that the entry portions 7 in each of the longitudinal edge portions 5 and 6 are disposed in parallel relation to each other, with the longitudinal center lines of the entry ortions 7 in each edge portion 5 and 6 being disposed midway between the longitudinal center lines of adjacent pairs of the entry portions 7 in the other edge portion 6 or 5.
  • the coil 2 may be formed of any suitable material, such as, for example, aluminum, and preferably consists of a single, unitary tubular member. It is formed into a serpentine pattern having two rows 9 and 10, FIG. 2, of passes 11.
  • the adjacent passes 11 in each of the respective rows 9 and 10 are interconnected at their ends by return bends 12, and the lowermost passes 11 in the two rows 9 and 10 are interconnected by a return bend 13 disposed transversely to the return bends 12, FIG. 1.
  • the upper one of the passes 11 in the row 9 extends outwardly beyond the stack of fins 3 to afford an inlet 14 for the coil 2, and the upper one of the passes 11 in the row 10 extends outwardly from the stack of fins 3 to afford an outlet 15 for the coil 2.
  • working fluid such as, for example, refrigerant may be fed from a suitable source of supply, such as a compressor, not shown, into the coil 2 through the inlet 14 from which it may flow horizontally back and forth through the fins 3, as viewed in FIG. 1, downwardly from one pass 11 to the other in the row 9, across the return bend 13 to the lower pass 11 in the row 10, and then horizontally back and forth across the fins 3 upwardly through the passes 11 in the row 10 and outwardly through the outlet 15.
  • a suitable source of supply such as a compressor, not shown
  • Flanges 16 are formed on each of the fins 3 around the body portion 8 of each of the slots 4, FIGS. 2-8, to afford reinforcing members for the body portions 8.
  • the flanges 16 project outwardly from the planes of the body portions of each of the respective fins 3 to afford spacers between adjacent fins 3, FIG. 3.
  • the body portions of adjacent fins 3 are spaced from each other along the passes 11 of the coil 2 the thickness of the respective flanges 16, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the shape of the body portions 8 of the slots 4 is that of an arc of a circle, and the entry portions 7, extending outwardly therefrom, are substantially straight, having parallel side walls 17 and 18 extending outwardly from the side walls 19 of the respective body portions 8.
  • the radius of the arc of the body portion 8 of each of the slots 4 is the same as the normal outside radius of the tubular member affording the coil 2, and the width of each entry portion 7 of the slots 4 is substantially less than the diameter of the body portion 8 to which it is connected, as will be discussed in greater detail presently.
  • the cross fins 3 are formed with the entry portions 7 of the slots 4 substantially narrower than the normal outside diameter of the tube 2,
  • the tube 2 is then preformed into the serpentine shape of the heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 1, with the passes 11, between the return bends 12 at the opposite ends thereof, flattened to such a thickness that they may be inserted transversely through the entry portions 7 of the slots 4 into the body portions 8 thereof, into the position shown in FIG. 4.
  • the edge portions 20 thereof are disposed in abutting engagement with the portions of the side walls 19 of the respective body portions 8, which are disposed on the side of the respective entry portions 7 remote from the respective marginal edges 5 and 6 of the fins 3.
  • the edge portions 21 thereof herein referred to as the trailing edge portions, project outwardly through the entry portions 7 of the respective slots 4.
  • the coil 2 With the coil 2 thus disposed in the slots 4 in the fins 3, it may be simultaneously subjected to internal pressure and external pressure suflicient to expand the passes 11 thereof from a flattened shape, such as shown in FIG. 4, to a substantially round shape, such as shown in FIG. 8, wherein they completely fill the body portion 8 of the respective slots 4.
  • the ends 14 and of the coil 2 may be connected to a suitable source of pressurized working fluid, not shown, such as, for example, a suitable source of hydraulic fluid; and the heat exchanger 1 may be mounted in a suitable press, or the like, wherein dies, such as the dies D and D FIG. 2, may be abuttingly engaged with the trailing edge portions 21 of the passes 11 in the rows 9 and 1%, respectively, in position to exert the aforementioned external force on the passes 11 at the opposite sides of the fins 3.
  • the passes 11 are caused thereby to expand from the flattened shape shown in FIG. 4 to the full expanded shape shown in FIG. 8.
  • the dies D and D preferably continuously move inwardly toward each other in such a manner as to continuously clamp the coil 2 therebetween with sufficient force to maintain the leading edge portions of the passes 11 in engagement with the portions of the side walls 19 of the respective body portions 8 disposed directly opposite the respective entry portions 7.
  • the application of the aforementioned external force serves three main functions.
  • the first of these functions is that by thus holding the leading edge portions 20 of the passes 11 in engagement with the adjacent portions of the side walls 19 of the respective body portions 8, it prevents these portions 20 of the passes 11 from pulling away from the side walls 19, which they tend to do if the coil 2 is expanded only by internal pressure.
  • This maintaining of engagement between the leading edges 20 of the passes 11 and the side walls 19 of the body portions 8 assists in insuring that when expansion of the passes 11 is completed, the passes 11 will be in finm engagement with the side walls 19 throughout the length of the latter.
  • the second function of the aforementioned external forces is that the external force thus applied to the trailing edge portions 21 of the passes 11, itself, tends to expand the passes 11 and thereby assists the expansion efforts of the internal pressure applied to the passes 11 of the coil 2.
  • internal pressure alone, has been utilized in an attempt to expand the passes of serpentine tubing, such as that embodied in the heat exchanger 1, there has been substantial danger of rupturing, or blowing out, the return bends connected to the passes.
  • the problem has proven to be so acute as to render such method of expansion of passes, such as the passes 11, substantially useless as a practical method of expanding such passes commercially.
  • the third function of the aforementioned external forces applied to the passes 11 is to move the trailing edge portions 21 thereof inwardly through the respective entry portions 7 at a rate wherein, during expansion of the passes 11 in the body portions 8, the side walls of the expanding passes 11 are maintained out of engagement with the side walls 17 and 1 8 of the entry portions 7, and out of engagement with the junction of the side walls 17 and 18 with the side walls 19 of the respective body portions 8.
  • the expansion of the passes 11 under the internal and external forces preferably applied in the practice of the present invention, they progressively enlarge from the inner side of the body portions 8 toward the respective entry portion 7, as illustrated in FIGS. 4-8, with the trailing edge portions 21 moving inwardly to a position wherein the passes 11 are again substantially round when the expansion thereof is completed, FIG. 8.
  • Such progressive expansion of the passes 11 prevents them from applying undesirable expanding and tearing forces to the side walls of the slots 4. Also, it assists in insuring a substantially round cross-section for the fully expanded passes.
  • the external forces applied to the trailing edges 21 of the passes 11 on the opposite sides of the fins 3 are sufliciently small that they will not cause buckling or permanent distortion of the fins 3, but are sufliciently large as to serve the aforementioned functions.
  • tubular members which have been flattened to substantially completely flat condition may be expanded to their normal round position in side-entry slots, such as the slots 4, by the use of a combination of internal pressure which is substantially below the pressure necessary to rupture any portion of the coil 2, and an external clamping force, which is substantially below the force necessary to buckle or permanently deform the fins 3, which are made from relative thin and structurally weak material.
  • the passes 11 may be so firmly engaged with the side walls 19 of the body portions 8 of the side-entry slots 4 that the fins 3 are securely held by this engagement, alone, in position on the coil 2, and effective heat-transfer engagement is afforded between the outer periphery of the passes 11 and the entire length of the side walls 19 of the body portions '8.
  • the heat exchanger 1 constructed in this manner, it is unnecessary to afford an additional securing of the cross fins 3 to the coil 2, such as, for example by solder.
  • a heat exchanger embodying the principles of the present invention, and the method of making such a heat exchanger, as disclosed herein, is far different from anything heretofore known in the art.
  • One of the main purposes of the present invention is to afford such increased efiiciency of sideentry type heat exchangers, and to eliminate the necessity for having the entry portion of side-entry slots be of such relatively great width. It has been found that, using the principles of the present invention, and with tubing having the usual ratio of wall thickness to outside diameter, such as, for example, .035" to the side-entry portion 7 of the slots 4 may constitute not substantially more than twenty percent of the diameter of the body portion 8 thereof, and, in some instances may be less than the aforementioned twenty percent.
  • a tubular member may be flattened and again expanded to its original round shape, and, therefore, the width of the entry portion of a side-entry slot through which such a tubular member may be inserted, is controlled to a certain extent by the thickness of the wall of the tubular member. Excessive flattening of a tubular member, particularly when combined with subsequent expansion thereof, may cause the tubular member to separate or rupture.
  • aluminum tubing, and the like, of the type commonly used in heat exchanger units of the type with which the present invention is concerned may be flattened to a thickness in a range of between three to five times the wall thickness of the tubing, and preferably to the thickness of four times the wall thickness of the tubing, in preforming the tubing for insertion into side-entry slots in fins in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
  • This permits side-entry slot widths of a corre sponding size, namely, in the range of three to five times the wall thickness of the tubing, and preferably in the nature of four times such wall thickness.
  • FIG. 9 a modified form of the present invention is illustrated.
  • FIG. 9 is similar to FIG. 2, and illustrates a heat exchanger 1a which is identical to the heat exchanger shown in FIGS. 1-8, except that it embodies four rows of passes rather than the two rows of passes 14 shown in FIG. 2.
  • parts which are the same as parts shown in FIGS. 18 are indicated by the same reference numerals, and parts which have been substituted for parts shown in FIGS. 1-8 are indicated by the same reference numerals with the sufiix a added thereto.
  • two rows 9 and 10 of passes 11 are mounted in fins 3a in side-entry slots 4 which are identical to the slots 4 shown in FIG. 2.
  • two other rows 9a and 10a of passes 11 are mounted in side-entry slots 4a.
  • the slots 4a are identical in construction to the slots 4, except that the entry portions 7a thereof are longer than the entry portions 7 so that the body portions 8a of the slots 4a are disposed a greater distance from the respective marginal edges 5 and 6 of the fins 3a.
  • the slots 4 and 4a are so disposed in the fins 3a that each slot 4 is disposed in axial alignment with slot 4a formed in the opposite longitudinal edge portion 5 or 6 of the fins 3a.
  • the narrow entry portions 7 of the slots 4 and 4a makes possible the affording of a practical three-row, or more, heat exchanger of the side-entry type.
  • adjacent slots in such staggered arrangements may be spaced sufficiently close together, while retaining the desired strength and heat transfer characteristics of the marginal edge portions of the cross-fins, that a substantially greater capacity unit may be afforded by constructing a coil having more than two rows. This was not true with respect to side-entry type heat exchangers heretofore known in the art.
  • the present invention affords a novel sideentry fin construction for heat exchangers.
  • the present invention affords a novel side-entry heat exchanger which is practical and efficient in operation, and which may be readily and economically produced commercially.
  • a heat exchanger comprising (a) a coil of tubing including (1) passes and (2) an integral return bend, and (b) cross fins having slots in the marginal edge portion thereof for the side-entry of said passes thereinto,
  • said slots having (1) entry portions opening outwardly through said marginal edge portion of said tins, and (2) body portions disposed inwardly of said entry portions,
  • said entry portions having a width at their narrowest portions of not substantially less than three times the wall thickness of said passes and not substantially more than five times the wall thickness of said passes.
  • a heat exchanger comprising (a) a coil of tubing including (1) passes and 2) an integral return bend, and
  • a heat exchanger comprising (a) a coil of tubing having a serpentine form and including (1) substantially straight parallel passes and (2) integral return bends, and
  • each of said fins having slots in the marginal edge portions thereof for the side-entry of said passes thereinto,
  • each of said slots having (1) an entry portion opening outwardly through a marginal edge of a respective fin
  • each of said slots having a Width at the junction thereof with said respective body portion of less than eighty percent of the diameter of said body portion of said slot.
  • a heat exchanger comprising (a) a coil of tubing including (1) passes and (2) an integral return bend, and

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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US576599A 1966-09-01 1966-09-01 Heat exchangers and the method of making same Expired - Lifetime US3433300A (en)

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3603384A (en) * 1969-04-08 1971-09-07 Modine Mfg Co Expandable tube, and heat exchanger
FR2102193A1 (de) * 1970-08-11 1972-04-07 Benteler Werke Ag
US3780799A (en) * 1972-06-26 1973-12-25 Peerless Of America Heat exchangers and method of making same
JPS5135661A (en) * 1974-09-20 1976-03-26 Nippon Aluminium Mfg Netsukokanki no seizohoho
US4269267A (en) * 1977-09-09 1981-05-26 Societe Anonyme Francaise Du Ferodo Fin and tube assembly and a method of making the assembly
DE3427369A1 (de) * 1983-07-20 1985-02-21 Friedrich Mueller Verfahren zur herstellung eines absorbers zur waermegewinnung oder zur kaelteerzeugung, insbesondere fuer einen sonnenkollektor, ein energiedach, einen energiezaun oder dergleichen
US4799540A (en) * 1984-08-31 1989-01-24 Dirk Pietzcker Heat exchanger
US5535820A (en) * 1995-07-18 1996-07-16 Blissfield Manufacturing Company Method for assembling a heat exchanger
EP1098156A1 (de) * 1999-10-07 2001-05-09 GIANNONI S.p.A. Gas-Flüssigkeitswärmetauscher und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
US20030196783A1 (en) * 2002-03-01 2003-10-23 Ti Group Automotive Systems, Llc Refrigeration evaporator
US20040079522A1 (en) * 1995-11-13 2004-04-29 Roger Paulman Folded, bent and re-expanded heat exchanger tube and assemblies
US20070169921A1 (en) * 2006-01-26 2007-07-26 Cooper Cameron Corporation Fin and tube heat exchanger
US20100115985A1 (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-05-13 Alan Joseph Mitchell Refrigerator
US20100242526A1 (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-09-30 Brent Alden Junge Refrigerator
US20130098586A9 (en) * 2004-11-19 2013-04-25 Olli Pekka Naukkarinen Wound Layered Tube Heat Exchanger
US20130225710A1 (en) * 2012-02-17 2013-08-29 Armacell Enterprise Gmbh Extensional flow heat exchanger for polymer melts
US8656988B1 (en) * 2010-03-03 2014-02-25 Adams Thermal Systems, Inc. External reinforcement of connections between header tanks and tubes in heat exchangers
US20180252475A1 (en) * 2015-08-25 2018-09-06 Danfoss Micro Channel Heat Exchanger (Jiaxing) Co., Ltd. Heat exchange tube for heat exchanger, heat exchanger and assembly method thereof

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US2475187A (en) * 1945-02-20 1949-07-05 Kramer Trenton Co Method of producing condensers or the like
US2540339A (en) * 1948-06-14 1951-02-06 Richard W Kritzer Heat exchange unit
US2823016A (en) * 1954-12-31 1958-02-11 Jr Carl S Greer Baseboard heater
US2834583A (en) * 1955-09-19 1958-05-13 Houdaille Industries Inc Heat exchanger
US2934917A (en) * 1956-02-27 1960-05-03 Rudy Mfg Company Evaporator
US2987300A (en) * 1959-05-29 1961-06-06 Edward G S Greene Heat transfer assembly
US3216095A (en) * 1962-02-16 1965-11-09 Air Preheater Method of securing fins to tubes

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3603384A (en) * 1969-04-08 1971-09-07 Modine Mfg Co Expandable tube, and heat exchanger
FR2102193A1 (de) * 1970-08-11 1972-04-07 Benteler Werke Ag
US3780799A (en) * 1972-06-26 1973-12-25 Peerless Of America Heat exchangers and method of making same
JPS5135661A (en) * 1974-09-20 1976-03-26 Nippon Aluminium Mfg Netsukokanki no seizohoho
JPS5230385B2 (de) * 1974-09-20 1977-08-08
US4269267A (en) * 1977-09-09 1981-05-26 Societe Anonyme Francaise Du Ferodo Fin and tube assembly and a method of making the assembly
DE3427369A1 (de) * 1983-07-20 1985-02-21 Friedrich Mueller Verfahren zur herstellung eines absorbers zur waermegewinnung oder zur kaelteerzeugung, insbesondere fuer einen sonnenkollektor, ein energiedach, einen energiezaun oder dergleichen
US4799540A (en) * 1984-08-31 1989-01-24 Dirk Pietzcker Heat exchanger
US5535820A (en) * 1995-07-18 1996-07-16 Blissfield Manufacturing Company Method for assembling a heat exchanger
US20040079522A1 (en) * 1995-11-13 2004-04-29 Roger Paulman Folded, bent and re-expanded heat exchanger tube and assemblies
EP1098156A1 (de) * 1999-10-07 2001-05-09 GIANNONI S.p.A. Gas-Flüssigkeitswärmetauscher und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
US7028764B2 (en) * 2002-03-01 2006-04-18 Ti Group Automotives Systems, Llc Refrigeration evaporator
US20030196783A1 (en) * 2002-03-01 2003-10-23 Ti Group Automotive Systems, Llc Refrigeration evaporator
US20130098586A9 (en) * 2004-11-19 2013-04-25 Olli Pekka Naukkarinen Wound Layered Tube Heat Exchanger
US10495383B2 (en) * 2004-11-19 2019-12-03 Modine Grenada Llc Wound layered tube heat exchanger
US10415894B2 (en) * 2006-01-26 2019-09-17 Ingersoll-Rand Company Fin and tube heat exchanger
US20070169921A1 (en) * 2006-01-26 2007-07-26 Cooper Cameron Corporation Fin and tube heat exchanger
US20100115985A1 (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-05-13 Alan Joseph Mitchell Refrigerator
US20100242526A1 (en) * 2008-11-10 2010-09-30 Brent Alden Junge Refrigerator
US9175893B2 (en) * 2008-11-10 2015-11-03 General Electric Company Refrigerator
US9200828B2 (en) 2008-11-10 2015-12-01 General Electric Company Refrigerator
US8656988B1 (en) * 2010-03-03 2014-02-25 Adams Thermal Systems, Inc. External reinforcement of connections between header tanks and tubes in heat exchangers
US20130225710A1 (en) * 2012-02-17 2013-08-29 Armacell Enterprise Gmbh Extensional flow heat exchanger for polymer melts
US20180252475A1 (en) * 2015-08-25 2018-09-06 Danfoss Micro Channel Heat Exchanger (Jiaxing) Co., Ltd. Heat exchange tube for heat exchanger, heat exchanger and assembly method thereof
US10690420B2 (en) * 2015-08-25 2020-06-23 Danfoss Micro Channel Heat Exchanger (Jiaxing) Co., Ltd. Heat exchange tube for heat exchanger, heat exchanger and assembly method thereof

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