US3431657A - Dehydration oven having continuous conveyors - Google Patents

Dehydration oven having continuous conveyors Download PDF

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Publication number
US3431657A
US3431657A US620423A US62042367A US3431657A US 3431657 A US3431657 A US 3431657A US 620423 A US620423 A US 620423A US 62042367 A US62042367 A US 62042367A US 3431657 A US3431657 A US 3431657A
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United States
Prior art keywords
conveyor
oven
conveyors
dehydration
driving
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Expired - Lifetime
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US620423A
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English (en)
Inventor
Adrien Lucien Dufour
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from FR54146A external-priority patent/FR1478636A/fr
Priority claimed from FR70555A external-priority patent/FR1493756A/fr
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Publication of US3431657A publication Critical patent/US3431657A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/02—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces
    • F26B17/08—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by belts carrying the materials; with movement performed by belts or elements attached to endless belts or chains propelling the materials over stationary surfaces the belts being arranged in a sinuous or zig-zag path
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/10—Heating arrangements using tubes or passages containing heated fluids, e.g. acting as radiative elements; Closed-loop systems

Definitions

  • ovens of this kind are employed for example to carry out extensive dehydration of certain vegetables or plants and that the conditions of drying during the course of the operations must be such that the vegetable products are not allowed to ferment inside the oven and that they are not subjected to oxidation, or again to Maillard reactions in the case of sugar-containing products, such as onions, in order to make them suitable for consumption after drying.
  • the material to be dried is admitted to the upper part, at one extremity of a first conveyor belt. During its transport on the conveyor, it is subjected to the heating action of the oven. At the other extremity of this conveyor, it is discharged on to a second conveyor belt, installed at a lower level, which in turn takes it in charge, the cycle being repeated until the conveyor mounted at the lowest level of the oven is reached, from which the dry material is evacuated to the exterior of the oven.
  • each conveyor is generally heated by a heating element to a uniform temperature
  • the oven is only provided with a single air evacuation unit, with suction blowers and a chimney.
  • the driving systems of the conveyors are usually driven and guided by devices comprising roller chains, simple or multiple, or conveyor chains, which interfere with the transmission of heat emitted by the heating elements and oppose the free circulation of the air.
  • the invention has as an object the provision of a dehydration oven with continuous conveyors which does not have any of the above disadvantages, and in which the temperature, the humidity content and the circulation of air inside the oven can be regulated at every point of the oven.
  • the heating elements arranged between the outgoing and the return belt of each of the conveyors, are supplied with steam by two circuits partly independent of each other, the control devices of each of the circuits and of each of the elements being independent, so as to obtain for each conveyor two individual heating zones adjustable independently of each other and independently of those of the other conveyors.
  • the ventilation of the oven is eifected by a plurality of fans, the air intakes of which are disposed below the lower conveyor and as close as possible thereto, the air intake and the air outlet of each of the fans comprising an independent regulation system.
  • each conveyor comprises an independent system for controlling and/or regulating its speed.
  • each conveyor is driven by two chains of the so-called pulley-block type, arranged laterally on each side of the conveyor and rigidly fixed to it, each of the said chains being housed in a frame in the form of a shamrock, fixed on the side walls of the oven and serving as a guiding system for the conveyor.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic cross-section in side elevation of the oven according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section perpendicular to that preceding, taken along the line IIII of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view in transverse section of the conveyor and its driving system
  • FIG. 4 is a detail view, in cross-section and to a larger scale, of a driving chain
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show the pulleys and the driving drum of the conveyor, respectively in end-view and in elevation with half-section, taken along the lines V-V and VIVI;
  • FIG. 7 is a detail view given on a larger scale.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the supply system for the heating elements of the oven.
  • the oven with continuous conveyors is of a conventional type.
  • the material to be dried is carried into the oven by an elevator conveyor 1, which discharges it on to one extremity of a conveyor C arranged at the upper part of the oven.
  • This conveyor carries the material in course of drying and discharges it in its turn on to a conveyor C located at a lower level, and so on up to the bottom conveyor C,, which evacuates the dry material to the exterior of the oven.
  • the heating is ensured by heating batteries B B B mounted between the upper and lower sides of the conveyors.
  • Independent blower units 2 draw the air from the bottom to the top inside the oven and evacuate it through chimneys 3, without re-cycling it through the interior of the oven.
  • the belt 6 is driven by two chains of the so-called pulley-block type 7, comprising alternate horizontal and vertical links (see FIG. 4).
  • certain horizontal links of the chain 7 are provided with horizontal lugs 8 welded on the links and fixed on the belt 6 by appropriate means, rivets, screws and nuts or the like.
  • the chain 7 is housed in a frame 9 of shamrock shape, fixed by angle-irons 10 to the side walls 11 of the oven.
  • the U-shaped parts 9a of the angle-iron 9 ensure the guiding of the vertical links of the chain 7, at the same time leaving it a certain lateral clearance.
  • Chain-pulleys 12 driven in rotation by driving shafts 13 coupled to the driving members provided outside the oven, are mounted at the two extremities of the chain 7 for driving the said chains.
  • the pulleys 12 mounted at the corresponding extremities of the two chains 7 are coupled together by a drum 14 in the form of a squirrel cage, on which the belt 6 is supported.
  • a drum 14 in the form of a squirrel cage, on which the belt 6 is supported.
  • U-shaped members 15 (FIG. 7), in which are housed longitudinal members or flat steel strips 16, provided at regular intervals on the drum, for driving the belt 6.
  • the parts 15 further serve to maintain the transverse tension of the belt 6 and are engaged at their extremities in grooves 17 of the pulleys 12.
  • Each conveyor is driven by an independent motor M M M through the intermediary of a separate reduction gear R R R (see FIG. 1).
  • the heating elements E of the heating batteries of each of the conveyors are supplied with hot fluid (generally steam), either through a first circuit of pipes T or through a second circuit T depending on whether these elements are located below a first portion of the conveyor or below the following portion, so that each conveyor comprises two successive heating zones at different temperatures (see FIG. 8).
  • hot fluid generally steam
  • a plurality of steam-admission points is provided for each heating battery, with a pressure-reducing valve D at each point to enable the admission pressure to be regulated independently of the remainder of the circuit.
  • the air intakes 5 of the fans 3 are arranged immediately beneath the bottom conveyor C as close as possible to this latter, with flaps 20 formed in the side wall of the oven in order to regulate the flow of air.
  • a regulating device 21 for the flow of air at the outlet, of a type known per se, is also provided for each tan.
  • a temperature of 40 C. in the first heating zone of the bottom conveyor C and a temperature of 45 or 50 C. in the second zone of this same conveyor there can, for example, be obtained a temperature of 40 C. in the first heating zone of the bottom conveyor C and a temperature of 45 or 50 C. in the second zone of this same conveyor.
  • the temperature can be regulated between 50 and 60 C. and in the second zone between 55 and 70 C.
  • each of the heating zones of the various conveyors can thus be regulated so as to be slightly higher than the temperature of the second zone of the preceding conveyor.
  • Low temperatures of the order of 40 C. can in this way be maintained at different points of the oven, while high temperatures of the order of C. can be simultaneously maintained at other points, depending on the degree of dehydration reached at these points in the product which is being treated.
  • An oven particularly for dehydrating substances of vegetable origin comprising an enclosure, a plurality of endless belt conveyors in the enclosure and including two parallel belts arranged one above the other and at different levels, means for independently driving each conveyor, each conveyor moving in the opposite direction to those adjacent which it is positioned, means for discharging the material to be dehydrated at one end of the uppermost of said conveyors by which the material is in turn discharged at the other end thereof onto the next lower conveyor and continuously so in sequence to the lowermost of the conveyors from which the material is evacuated to the outside of the oven, two successive series of heating elements between the edges of each conveyor, means for regulating independently the temperature of the first of the series of heating elements of each conveyor, and means for regulating independently the temperature of the second of the series of heating elements of each conveyor whereby each conveyor comprises two autonomous heating zones adjustable independently of each other and independently of those of the other conveyors.
  • An oven as claimed in claim 1 comprising means for independently regulating the speed of each conveyor.
  • An oven as claimed in claim 1 comprising means for supplying the heating elements of the conveyors other than those of the lowermost conveyor with steam, the first series of heating elements being connected to a first steam circuit and the second series of heating elements being connected to a second steam circuit, the heating elements of each said series of the lowermost conveyor being connected to the corresponding heating elements of the other conveyors and being supplied with the water of condensation thereof.
  • An oven as claimed in claim 3 comprising for each heating element of the conveyors other than the lowermost, an autonomous steam expansion device.
  • the means for driving the said conveyors comprise two chains of the sheave type, the said chains being arranged on either side of the conveyor and being secured thereto, comprising a guide frame including a receiving device for receiving each of said chains, said receiving device having a transverse section of cloverleaf shape, and for driving each said chain a surfaced pulley and motor means driving the same, each of said surfaced pulleys driving each of said chains and being positioned at one end of the conveyor.
  • each conveyor comprises, secured transversely to the face which does not receive the material to be dehydrated, a plurality of U-shaped elements, and a drum comprising longitudinal members parallel to the base of said U-shaped elements being positioned between the said surfaced pulleys, said U-shaped elements engaging between said longitudinal members upon passage of said conveyor between said pulley, and the legs of said U-shaped elements engaging in the grooves of said pulleys.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
US620423A 1966-03-18 1967-03-03 Dehydration oven having continuous conveyors Expired - Lifetime US3431657A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR54146A FR1478636A (fr) 1966-03-18 1966-03-18 Dispositif d'entraînement, de soutien et de guidage pour convoyeur continu, et son application aux fours de séchage à convoyeurs
FR70555A FR1493756A (fr) 1966-07-22 1966-07-22 Four de déshydratation à convoyeurs continus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3431657A true US3431657A (en) 1969-03-11

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US620423A Expired - Lifetime US3431657A (en) 1966-03-18 1967-03-03 Dehydration oven having continuous conveyors

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3431657A (forum.php)
BE (1) BE695041A (forum.php)
CH (1) CH455651A (forum.php)
DE (1) DE1729401A1 (forum.php)
GB (1) GB1165761A (forum.php)
NL (1) NL6703836A (forum.php)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090193822A1 (en) * 2004-07-02 2009-08-06 Aqualizer, Llc Moisture condensation control system
US20120297639A1 (en) * 2011-05-24 2012-11-29 Feltracon Bv Device and method for drying vegetable and lettuce leaves
CN102840755A (zh) * 2011-06-22 2012-12-26 攀钢集团有限公司 防止带式干燥机的网带跑偏的方法和带式干燥机
EP2940414A1 (de) 2014-04-29 2015-11-04 ESG Kräuter GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von pflanzlichen Produkten

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999001709A1 (en) * 1997-07-04 1999-01-14 Todorov, Todor Tenchov Dryer and method for drying
CN114229343B (zh) * 2021-12-27 2023-08-29 青岛载利电力设备有限公司 一种钢结构烘干用输送装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2359199A (en) * 1940-08-03 1944-09-26 Henry J Burnett Food dehydrator
US2732627A (en) * 1956-01-31 Drying apparatus for alimentary paste of
US2799096A (en) * 1955-07-13 1957-07-16 Proctor & Schwartz Inc Onion drying apparatus and method
US3102795A (en) * 1960-04-25 1963-09-03 Phillips Petroleum Co Apparatus and process for drying particulate solids
US3217861A (en) * 1963-02-14 1965-11-16 Mcinnis Conveyors Ltd Endless belt conveyors

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2732627A (en) * 1956-01-31 Drying apparatus for alimentary paste of
US2359199A (en) * 1940-08-03 1944-09-26 Henry J Burnett Food dehydrator
US2799096A (en) * 1955-07-13 1957-07-16 Proctor & Schwartz Inc Onion drying apparatus and method
US3102795A (en) * 1960-04-25 1963-09-03 Phillips Petroleum Co Apparatus and process for drying particulate solids
US3217861A (en) * 1963-02-14 1965-11-16 Mcinnis Conveyors Ltd Endless belt conveyors

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090193822A1 (en) * 2004-07-02 2009-08-06 Aqualizer, Llc Moisture condensation control system
US8028438B2 (en) * 2004-07-02 2011-10-04 Aqualizer, Llc Moisture condensation control system
US20120297639A1 (en) * 2011-05-24 2012-11-29 Feltracon Bv Device and method for drying vegetable and lettuce leaves
CN102840755A (zh) * 2011-06-22 2012-12-26 攀钢集团有限公司 防止带式干燥机的网带跑偏的方法和带式干燥机
EP2940414A1 (de) 2014-04-29 2015-11-04 ESG Kräuter GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von pflanzlichen Produkten
EP2940414B1 (de) 2014-04-29 2017-11-01 ESG Kräuter GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trocknen von pflanzlichen Produkten

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6703836A (forum.php) 1967-09-19
BE695041A (forum.php) 1967-08-14
DE1729401A1 (de) 1971-06-16
GB1165761A (en) 1969-10-01
CH455651A (fr) 1968-07-15

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