US3429741A - Method of coating using a bead coater - Google Patents

Method of coating using a bead coater Download PDF

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Publication number
US3429741A
US3429741A US463155A US3429741DA US3429741A US 3429741 A US3429741 A US 3429741A US 463155 A US463155 A US 463155A US 3429741D A US3429741D A US 3429741DA US 3429741 A US3429741 A US 3429741A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
bead
coating
web
liquid
lift roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US463155A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jerome J Moriarty
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eastman Kodak Co
Original Assignee
Eastman Kodak Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eastman Kodak Co filed Critical Eastman Kodak Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3429741A publication Critical patent/US3429741A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
    • D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
    • D21H23/32—Addition to the formed paper by contacting paper with an excess of material, e.g. from a reservoir or in a manner necessitating removal of applied excess material from the paper
    • D21H23/40—Addition to the formed paper by contacting paper with an excess of material, e.g. from a reservoir or in a manner necessitating removal of applied excess material from the paper only one side of the paper being in contact with the material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B1/00—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating
    • D06B1/10—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by contact with a member carrying the treating material
    • D06B1/14—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by contact with a member carrying the treating material with a roller
    • D06B1/149—Applying liquids, gases or vapours onto textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing or impregnating by contact with a member carrying the treating material with a roller the treating material being applied to the textile material without contact with the roller (e.g. by capillarity)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H5/00—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for
    • D21H5/0005—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to finished paper or board, e.g. impregnating, coating
    • D21H5/0012—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to finished paper or board, e.g. impregnating, coating by bringing paper into contact with an excess of fluids, the paper carrying away only a part of the fluid material, e.g. by passing through liquids, gases or vapours
    • D21H5/0015—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to finished paper or board, e.g. impregnating, coating by bringing paper into contact with an excess of fluids, the paper carrying away only a part of the fluid material, e.g. by passing through liquids, gases or vapours only one side of the paper being in contact with the treating medium, e.g. paper carried by support
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S118/00—Coating apparatus
    • Y10S118/02—Bead coater

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a continuous coating mechanism and more particularly to a single side coating mechanism for transferring a liquid layer to a continuous web.
  • a bead coater In the art of continuous coating, several mechanisms are known, with one being termed a bead coater.
  • a bead coating mechanism a continuous web is passed over a coating tank having therein a driven lift roller spaced a few thousandths of an inch below the web and which raises the liquid to contact the moving web, with the contacting liquid being referred to as a bead.
  • the lift roller has a surface veocity opposed to that of the web.
  • the liquid bead is sheared during the coating process.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an improved continuous bead coating mechanism.
  • a web is passed over a coating liquid tank with the liquid being raised at a constant rate from the tank by a liquid lift roller having a surface velocit opposite that of the web.
  • the bead of liquid formed between the lift roller and the web has immersed therein a tensioned wire which dampens any tendency of the bead to become unstable.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation view illustrating the general layout of a bead coater
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-section view taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1 and illustrating One embodiment of my invention.
  • a web such as a cellulosic film base material is passed over a support and transport roller 11 to come close to a tank 12 having therein a coating liquid 13.
  • a lift roller 14 which raises continuousy the liquid in a stream 15 from the tank 12.
  • the web transport roll 11 passes the web 10 toward the left over the tank 12 (FIG. 2).
  • the lift roller 14 causes the liquid to move in the opposite direction at the surface closest to the web 10.
  • This relative rotation of the rollers 11 and 14 is developed by gearing in a gear box 18 and driven at controllable speeds by a motor 19 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the continuous lift of the liquid 13 causes a bead 21 of liquid to be formed in the nip between the lift roller 14 and the web 10.
  • a portion of liquid stream 15 flowing to the bead 21 is transferred to the web 10 as a coating layer 22.
  • the excess liquid of the bead 21 returns to the tank 12 as indicated at 23. Since the liquid viscosity, relative velocities (16 and 17), and nip spacing of the system may be varied considerably, accurate and uniform coatings 22 may be developed by this type of coating system. Also, these system parameters may be adjusted to provide maximum practical flow of liquid 15 into the head 21 while maintaining a stable condition to operate at relatively high coating speeds. For practical purposes the minimum nip clearance is usuall about 10 mils. Maximum clearance, depending on adhesive and cohesive properties of the liquid 13, is reached when the bead 21 breaks or becomes unstable.
  • the bead 21 tends to exhibit instability characteristics. This instability causes nonuniformities in the coating layer 22. Since the layer must attack and swell the cellulosic base web 10, any nonuniformities cause differential attack and swell of the web. Such differentials result in physical and/ or optical defects after the coating layer has dried. Reducing the nip clearance toward minimum tends to maintain a stable bead 21 but once minimum clearance is reached, attempts to increase the bead coating process velocity have been thwarted in prior art devices using certain coating liquids.
  • this instability is overcome by placing within the bead 21 a taut rod or wire 24.
  • the wire 24 may be tightened in place as by lock nuts 25.
  • the wire 24 dampens any tendencies of the bead 21 to vibrate laterally or to develop bubbles because of the high speed shear action resulting from the relative velocities of the web 10 and the liquid being lifted.
  • a 42" wide transparent cellulose acetate web 10 was transported over the tank 12 at seven feet per minute to be coated with a liquid composition including dispersed gelatin in organic solvents and having a viscosity of 1 centipoise.
  • the lift roller 14 was operated at surface speeds of about two to twelve feet per minute with a nip clear ance of 0.020". Without the wire 24, bubbles were present in the bead at nodal points, and the resulting coating had nonuniformities. Normal adjustments of nip spacing, temperature regulation etc. did not correct the situation.
  • the taut wire 24 of about 9 or 12 mils 316 stainless steel was introduced into the bead 21, all nodes in the bead disappeared. Thus, I have found that a coating having reduced stability characteristics may now be applied at higher speeds by the bead coating process because of the stabilization afforded by the taut wire 24.
  • Empirical data indicates that the taut wire 24 is most effective if placed nearest the up-stream 15 and spaced from the web 10 a distance greater than the desired thickness of the layer 22. When so placed, no nonuniformities in the coating layer 22 were noted even at web speeds up to forty-five feet per minute and surface speeds of the lift roller 14 of between five and thirty feet per minute. However, the overall shape of the head is changed slightly by the taut wire 24 Apparently, this change is caused by its interruption of the up-stream 15. Also it should be noted that except for possible abrasive properties in the fluid 13, there is no wearing of the wire 24 so that even a small diameter wire will not cause appreciable maintenance problems.
  • the bead coating method of applying a smooth layer of a coating liquid onto a web surface at high speeds and using a lift roller spaced from said web surface by a distance greater than the thickness of the layer applied to said web to maintain the bead comprising the steps of:

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
US463155A 1965-06-11 1965-06-11 Method of coating using a bead coater Expired - Lifetime US3429741A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US46315565A 1965-06-11 1965-06-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3429741A true US3429741A (en) 1969-02-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US463155A Expired - Lifetime US3429741A (en) 1965-06-11 1965-06-11 Method of coating using a bead coater

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3429741A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE682165A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1621864A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1154028A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3552355A (en) * 1968-04-22 1971-01-05 Xerox Corp Development apparatus
US3751288A (en) * 1971-06-23 1973-08-07 Dow Chemical Co Solidifying a thin layer of metal on plastic film
US4043296A (en) * 1976-03-15 1977-08-23 Polychrome Corporation Roll construction for coating apparatus
FR2385447A1 (fr) * 1977-03-29 1978-10-27 Polychrome Corp Appareil pour appliquer une solution sur une bande essentiellement non poreuse
FR2387693A1 (fr) * 1977-04-19 1978-11-17 Scott Paper Co Procede et appareil d'impregnation d'un substrat
US4370356A (en) * 1981-05-20 1983-01-25 Integrated Technologies, Inc. Method of meniscus coating
US4409265A (en) * 1981-01-21 1983-10-11 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for the one-sided coating of continuous metal strip
US5270079A (en) * 1992-12-18 1993-12-14 Specialty Coatings Systems, Inc. Methods of meniscus coating
US5339842A (en) * 1992-12-18 1994-08-23 Specialty Coating Systems, Inc. Methods and apparatus for cleaning objects
US20100279017A1 (en) * 2007-11-07 2010-11-04 Stangl Semiconductor Equipment Ag Device and method for coating a surface

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3000760A (en) * 1957-06-28 1961-09-19 Eastman Kodak Co Method and apparatus for coating a surface

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3000760A (en) * 1957-06-28 1961-09-19 Eastman Kodak Co Method and apparatus for coating a surface

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3552355A (en) * 1968-04-22 1971-01-05 Xerox Corp Development apparatus
US3751288A (en) * 1971-06-23 1973-08-07 Dow Chemical Co Solidifying a thin layer of metal on plastic film
US4043296A (en) * 1976-03-15 1977-08-23 Polychrome Corporation Roll construction for coating apparatus
FR2385447A1 (fr) * 1977-03-29 1978-10-27 Polychrome Corp Appareil pour appliquer une solution sur une bande essentiellement non poreuse
FR2387693A1 (fr) * 1977-04-19 1978-11-17 Scott Paper Co Procede et appareil d'impregnation d'un substrat
US4409265A (en) * 1981-01-21 1983-10-11 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft Method and apparatus for the one-sided coating of continuous metal strip
US4370356A (en) * 1981-05-20 1983-01-25 Integrated Technologies, Inc. Method of meniscus coating
US5270079A (en) * 1992-12-18 1993-12-14 Specialty Coatings Systems, Inc. Methods of meniscus coating
US5339842A (en) * 1992-12-18 1994-08-23 Specialty Coating Systems, Inc. Methods and apparatus for cleaning objects
US20100279017A1 (en) * 2007-11-07 2010-11-04 Stangl Semiconductor Equipment Ag Device and method for coating a surface

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1154028A (en) 1969-06-04
BE682165A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1966-11-14
DE1621864A1 (de) 1971-06-03

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